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| title = ...{cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/1237855/Abd-Allah |title=ʿAbd Allāh |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica |author= |date=July 9, 201

...ch this slaughter.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.arabnews.com/news/468058|title= Celebrating Eid Al-Adha in the US|publisher= Arab News|author= Sameen Tahi

...ere defended by Abbasid caliphate troops.<ref>{{cite book|author=Moshe Gil|title=A History of Palestine, 634-1099|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tSM4 ...Hindu temples and forcefully converted Hindus in Kashmir.<ref>{{cite book|title=Kashmir: Valley and Its Culture|author=Shiri Ram Bakshi|publisher=Sarup & S

...ah''', refers to the collected biographies of [[Muhammad]]. It is also the title of one of the most important early Siras, namely that of Ibn Ishaq. In addi ...ef name="Bearman 1997 p.661 ">{{cite book | last=Bearman | first=Peri J. | title=The Encyclopaedia of Islam San - Sze Vol 9 (Encyclopaedia of Islam New Edit

...uthor=John C. M. Calvert|url=http://moses.creighton.edu/JRS/pdf/2007-6.pdf|title=The Contexts of Religion and Violence|publisher=The Kripke Center|date=2007

|title=WikiIslam - the online resource on Islam {{PortalArticle|image=Battle of Badr.jpg|title=Portal: Early Islamic History|summary=The first centuries of the Islamic Hi

...spread and has even come from Muslim scholars themselves.}}{{PortalArticle|title=Scientific Miracles in the Quran|image=Cosmicquran.png|description=In recen ...phenomenological interpretations of such verses.|summary=}}{{PortalArticle|title=Scientific Errors in the Hadith|image=Wombxray.jpg|summary=|description=A c

...1993 p.691 ">{{cite book | last=Gibb | first=Hamilton Alexander Rosskeen | title=The Encyclopaedia of Islam Mif - Naz Vol. 7 | publication-place=Leiden | da

..., evidence of Muhammad's authorship of the Quran.|image=Convenientrevs.jpg|title=Convenient Revelations}} ...lly of fifteen does not include at least four concubines.}}{{PortalArticle|title=Abdullah ibn Abd al-Muttalib|summary=|image=Abdullahbaalmuttalib.png|descri

...l scholars from a range of persuasions. Its head is Tahir Mehmood Ashrafi.|title=All Pakistan Ulema Council|image=APUC.jpg|summary=}} {{PortalArticle|image=Taliban.jpg|summary=|title=Taliban|description=The Taliban is a politically and militarily mobilized f

...ht'', pp. 47-51</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://philpapers.org/rec/HYMPIT|title= Philosophy in the Middle Ages|publisher= Indianapolis: Hackett|author= Hym ...a and Southern Spain.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://philpapers.org/rec/HYMPIT|title= Philosophy in the Middle Ages|publisher= Indianapolis: Hackett|author= Hym

...|language=en}}</ref><ref name="law">{{cite book |last1=Ahmed |first1=Syed |title=Law relating to fornication (Zina) in the Islamic legal system: a comparati ...ove it, she may be accused of khilwa (mingling)<ref>{{cite web |year=2007 |title=Saudi Arabia: Rape Victim Punished for Speaking Out |url=https://www.hrw.or

...mic law enshrines the gender norms of 7th century Arabia.}}{{PortalArticle|title=Rape in Islamic Law|summary=|image=Crimean-slave-trade.png|description=Rape {{PortalArticle|title=Slavery in Islamic Law|summary=|image=OttomanEunuchsConcubines.jpg ‎|desc

...ite web|url= http://www.islamicawakening.com/viewarticle.php?articleID=984|title= The way of giving Zakat al-Fitr in non-Islamic Lands|publisher= IslamicAwa ...>{{cite web|url= http://www.fact-index.com/s/si/sixth_pillar_of_islam.html|title= Sixth pillar of Islam|publisher= The Fact-Index|author= |date= accessed No

...s of Islam.|image=Ahlbayt.jpg}}{{PortalArticle|image=Rashidun.jpg|summary=|title=Rashidun Caliphs|description=The Rashidun Caliphs are the four caliphs who ...he was between 10-12 (some sources suggest she was even younger).|summary=|title=Child Marriage and Muhammad's Companions}}

{{Page title|Články v českém jazyce (Articles in Czech)}}

...at risk of significant persecution.<ref name="StewartNYUEssay">{{Cite web|title=Islam in Spain after the Reconquista|url=http://www.nyu.edu/gsas/program/ne ...spite believing the opposite.<ref>{{cite web|last=Virani|first=Shafique N.|title=The Ismailis in the Middle Ages: A History of Survival, a Search for Salvat

...rl = http://www.mansfield.ohio-state.edu/~sabedon/bgnws011_submission.htm| title = An Expanded Overview of Phage Ecology| publisher = Ohio State University ...s.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs094/en/|title= Malaria|publisher= World Health Organization Media Centre|series= Fact she

...liance was - this is distinct from most others who would come to claim the title of caliph, as these subsequent caliphs throughout history would generally n

...di essere gravemente [[perseguitati]].<ref name=StewartNYUEssay>{{Cite web|title=Islam in Spain after the Reconquista|url=http://www.nyu.edu/gsas/program/ne ...stessero credendo l'opposto.<ref>{{cite web|last=Virani|first=Shafique N.|title=The Ismailis in the Middle Ages: A History of Survival, a Search for Salvat