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'''Da'wah''' (دعوة) literally translates from Arabic to mean "invitation", but | '''Da'wah''' (دعوة) literally translates from Arabic to mean "invitation", but in Islamic terminology it usually refers to Islamic proselytism. Similarly, a ''Da'ee'' داعي (plural ''du'aah'' دعاة) is someone who "invites" to Islam, or carries out the Islamic proselytization. | ||
Da'wah can refer to both "external" and "internal" proselytism, as it is considered equally meritorious in Islam to invite a non-Muslim to Islam as it is to invite a non-practicing Muslim to practice Islam. Some of the biggest Da'wah movements (like the Tablighi Jamaat in Pakistan), as a result, focus almost exclusively on spreading Islamic practice among | Da'wah can refer to both "external" and "internal" proselytism, as it is considered equally meritorious in Islam to invite a non-Muslim to Islam as it is to invite a non-practicing Muslim to practice Islam. Some of the biggest Da'wah movements (like the Tablighi Jamaat in Pakistan), as a result, focus almost exclusively on spreading Islamic practice among populations that are already Muslim. | ||
==The word== | ==The word== | ||
The Arabic word da'wah (دعوة) is derived from the root دعو. A Muslim who performs da'wah is called داعي (''daa'ee''). | The Arabic word da'wah (دعوة) is derived from the root دعو. A Muslim who performs da'wah is called داعي (''daa'ee''), plural دعاة (''du'aah''). | ||
===Lane's lexicon=== | ===Lane's lexicon=== | ||
According to the Lane's lexicon: | According to the Lane's lexicon: | ||
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==In the Qur'an== | ==In the Qur'an== | ||
There are 212 words derived from the root دعو in the Qur'an <ref>http://corpus.quran.com/qurandictionary.jsp?q=dEw</ref>, but only 6 occurrences are دعوة (''da'wah''). | There are 212 words derived from the root دعو in the Qur'an <ref>http://corpus.quran.com/qurandictionary.jsp?q=dEw</ref>, but only 6 occurrences are دعوة (''da'wah''). | ||
=== | ===Da'wah (دعوة)=== | ||
In two of the six cases it occurs with a suffixed possessive pronoun (كما and ك). Notice that in none of these cases it speaks about proselytizing done by Muslims towards non-Muslims. | In two of the six cases it occurs with a suffixed possessive pronoun (كما and ك). Notice that in none of these cases it speaks about proselytizing done by Muslims towards non-Muslims. | ||
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}} | }} | ||
Moses | Moses makes da'wah towards Allah so that he makes people disbelievers: | ||
{{Quote|{{Quran|10|88-89}}| | {{Quote|{{Quran|10|88-89}}| | ||
And Moses said, "Our Lord, indeed You have given Pharaoh and his establishment splendor and wealth in the worldly life, our Lord, that they may lead [men] astray from Your way. Our Lord, obliterate their wealth and harden their hearts so that they will not believe until they see the painful punishment." | And Moses said, "Our Lord, indeed You have given Pharaoh and his establishment splendor and wealth in the worldly life, our Lord, that they may lead [men] astray from Your way. Our Lord, obliterate their wealth and harden their hearts so that they will not believe until they see the painful punishment." | ||
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[ Allah ] said, "'''Your supplication''' (دعوتكما) has been answered." So remain on a right course and follow not the way of those who do not know." | [ Allah ] said, "'''Your supplication''' (دعوتكما) has been answered." So remain on a right course and follow not the way of those who do not know." | ||
}} | }} | ||
This was the opposite of what is today known as "da'wah" (calling people to Islam). Moses wants to make people disbelievers and Allah fulfills his | This was the opposite of what is today known as "da'wah" (calling people to Islam). Moses wants to make people disbelievers and Allah fulfills his prayer. | ||
In the verse 13:14, da'wah is directed "to him" (meaning "to Allah"), not towards the disbelievers: | In the verse 13:14, da'wah is directed "to him" (meaning "to Allah"), not towards the disbelievers: | ||
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}} | }} | ||
The following verses, however, say that only Allah decides who believes and who doesn't, putting the role of | The following verses, however, say that only Allah decides who believes and who doesn't, putting the role of da'awah work into question. | ||
{{Quote|{{Quran|14|4}}| | {{Quote|{{Quran|14|4}}| | ||
Allah sends astray whom He wills and guides whom He wills. | Allah sends astray whom He wills and guides whom He wills. | ||
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}} | }} | ||
A perennial question of religions that have some idea of predistination is "of what use is da'awah/proselytisation is god leads those he chooses to salvation?" and this question is begged nowhere more than of the god of the Quran, Allah. | |||
{{Quote|{{Quran|2|142}}| | {{Quote|{{Quran|2|142}}| | ||
He guides whom He wills to a straight path}} | He guides whom He wills to a straight path}} | ||
Muhammad, likewise, | Muhammad, likewise, has no real power in leading people to Islam: | ||
{{Quote|{{Quran|28|56}}| | {{Quote|{{Quran|28|56}}| | ||
Indeed, '''[O Muhammad], you do not guide''' whom you like, but Allah guides whom He wills. And He is most knowing of the [rightly] guided. | Indeed, '''[O Muhammad], you do not guide''' whom you like, but Allah guides whom He wills. And He is most knowing of the [rightly] guided. | ||
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==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
*[[ | *[[Invitation to Islam Prior to Jihad]] | ||
*[[Glossary of Islamic Terms]] | *[[Glossary of Islamic Terms]] | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
[[Category:Dawah]] | |||
[[Category:Society and human nature]] | |||
[[Category:Modern movements]] | |||
[[Category:Apologetics]] | |||
[[Category:Jihad]] | |||