Kafir (Infidel): Difference between revisions

**These are originally free [[Kafir|non-Muslims]] who are captured in battle.<ref>{{cite book|author=Salma Saad|title=The Legal and Social Status of Women in the Hadith Literature|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jYrTzQEACAAJ|date=1990|publisher=University of Leeds (Department of Modern Arabic Studies)|page=242}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Nesrine Badawi|title=Islamic Jurisprudence on the Regulation of Armed Conflict: Text and Context|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6MC0DwAAQBAJ|date=1 October 2019|publisher=BRILL|page=17|isbn=978-90-04-41062-6}}</ref> The entire population of a conquered territory can be enslaved, thus providing women who are otherwise rare on the battlefield. This paves the path for concubinage.<ref>{{cite book|author=William Gervase Clarence-Smith; W. G. Clarence-Smith|title=Islam and the Abolition of Slavery|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nQbylEdqJKkC|date=2006|publisher=Oxford University Press|page=27|isbn=978-0-19-522151-0}}</ref> The Muslim military commander is allowed to choose between unconditionally releasing, ransoming or enslaving war captives.{{sfn|Mufti|2019|p=5}} Female captives were often used for sex and there was no restriction on how many could be held.<ref>{{cite book|author=Kecia Ali|title=Sexual Ethics and Islam: Feminist Reflections on Qur'an, Hadith and Jurisprudence|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=my4XCwAAQBAJ|date=21 December 2015|publisher=Oneworld Publications|page=51|isbn=978-1-78074-853-5}}</ref>