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{{QualityScore|Lead=4|Structure=4|Content=4|Language=4|References=4}}{{Infobox Person|name=Khadījah bint Khuwaylid|image=Khadijah bint Khuwaylid.jpg|caption=Khadijah’s “medal” in ''Promptuarii iconum insigniorum ''(1553). Lyon: Rouillé. This illustration made no pretense of being an accurate portrait but it has become a widely accepted symbolic representation of Khadijah.|date_of_birth=555|place_of_birth=[[Mecca]], Hijaz, Arabia (present-day Saudi Arabia)|death_date=c. 619 (aged 63-64)|other_names=Khadījah al-Kubra<br>Khadījah al-Tahira|occupation=Merchant|title=''Umm al-Mu'mineen'' ("Mother of the Believers")|spouse=[[Muhammad ibn Abdullah]]|children=Qasim<br>Abdullah<br>Zainab<br>Fatimah<br>Ruqayyah<br>Umm Kulthum|relations=Khuwaylid ibn Asad<br>Fatimah bint Za'idah}} | {{QualityScore|Lead=4|Structure=4|Content=4|Language=4|References=4}}{{Infobox Person|name=Khadījah bint Khuwaylid|image=Khadijah bint Khuwaylid.jpg|caption=Khadijah’s “medal” in ''Promptuarii iconum insigniorum ''(1553). Lyon: Rouillé. This illustration made no pretense of being an accurate portrait but it has become a widely accepted symbolic representation of Khadijah.|date_of_birth=555|place_of_birth=[[Mecca]], Hijaz, Arabia (present-day Saudi Arabia)|death_date=c. 619 (aged 63-64)|other_names=Khadījah al-Kubra<br>Khadījah al-Tahira|occupation=Merchant|title=''Umm al-Mu'mineen'' ("Mother of the Believers")|spouse=[[Muhammad ibn Abdullah]]|children=Qasim<br>Abdullah<br>Zainab<br>Fatimah<br>Ruqayyah<br>Umm Kulthum|relations=Khuwaylid ibn Asad<br>Fatimah bint Za'idah}} | ||
'''Khadijah''' or '''Khadīja bint Khuwaylid''' ([[Arabic]]: خديجة بنت خويلد) (555 - c.619) was Prophet [[Muhammad]]’s first wife and she was his only wife as long as she lived.<ref>Ibn Hisham note 127, note 918. {{Citation|title=Sirat Rasul Allah|author=Ibn Ishaq|publisher=Oxford University Press|trans_title=The Life of Muhammad|url=https://archive.org/details/TheLifeOfMohammedGuillaume|editor=A. Guillaume|year=1955|location=Oxford|isbn=9780196360331}}; see also {{Muslim|31|5975}}.</ref> She is known to Muslims as ''al-Kubra'' (“the Great”)<ref>E.g., [http://www.al-islam.org/khadija/ Razwy, S. A. A. (1990). ''Khadija tul Kubra: A Short Story of Her Life''. New York: Tahrike Tarsile Qur'an.]</ref> and ''al-Tahira'' (“the Pure”).<ref>E.g., [http://l.b5z.net/i/u/6103974/f/wives_of_the_prophet.pdf/ Mus’ad, M. F. (2001). ''Wives of the Prophet Muhammad: their Strives and Their Lives'', p. 7. Cairo: Islamic Inc.]</ref> Twelve of [[Muhammad's Wives|Muhammad’s wives]] are credited with the title ''Umm al-Muminun'' (“Mother of the Faithful”),<ref>{{Quran|33|6}}.</ref> but Khadijah occupies a unique position as ''the'' Mother of [[Islam]] | '''Khadijah''' or '''Khadīja bint Khuwaylid''' ([[Arabic]]: خديجة بنت خويلد) (555 - c.619) was Prophet [[Muhammad]]’s first wife and she was his only wife as long as she lived.<ref>Ibn Hisham note 127, note 918. {{Citation|title=Sirat Rasul Allah|author=Ibn Ishaq|publisher=Oxford University Press|trans_title=The Life of Muhammad|url=https://archive.org/details/TheLifeOfMohammedGuillaume|editor=A. Guillaume|year=1955|location=Oxford|isbn=9780196360331}}; see also {{Muslim|31|5975}}.</ref> She is known to Muslims as ''al-Kubra'' (“the Great”)<ref>E.g., [http://www.al-islam.org/khadija/ Razwy, S. A. A. (1990). ''Khadija tul Kubra: A Short Story of Her Life''. New York: Tahrike Tarsile Qur'an.]</ref> and ''al-Tahira'' (“the Pure”).<ref>E.g., [http://l.b5z.net/i/u/6103974/f/wives_of_the_prophet.pdf/ Mus’ad, M. F. (2001). ''Wives of the Prophet Muhammad: their Strives and Their Lives'', p. 7. Cairo: Islamic Inc.]</ref> Twelve of [[Muhammad's Wives|Muhammad’s wives]] are credited with the title ''Umm al-Muminun'' (“Mother of the Faithful”),<ref>{{Quran|33|6}}.</ref> but Khadijah occupies a unique position as ''the'' Mother of [[Islam]] herself. Until she passed, Khadijah was Muhammad's only wife. Khadijah was also mother to all of Muhammad's children, including Fatimah, save one. | ||
Khadijah is said to have come from a trading family and, before [[Marriage|marrying]] Muhammad, had been a successful business woman and was said to be the richest woman in all of [[Mecca]], and, on some accounts. it was as a result being her employee that Muhammad came to know Khadijah and ultimately marry her. It is also believed that she had two husbands, with whom she had multiple children, prior to Muhammad. Little else is known about her life prior to this final marriage. | Khadijah is said to have come from a trading family and, before [[Marriage|marrying]] Muhammad, had been a successful business woman and was said to be the richest woman in all of [[Mecca]], and, on some accounts. it was as a result being her employee that Muhammad came to know Khadijah and ultimately marry her. It is also believed that she had two husbands, with whom she had multiple children, prior to Muhammad. Little else is known about her life prior to this final marriage. | ||
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Islam changed direction after Khadijah’s death. Within seven weeks Muhammad became a bigamist.<ref>{{Tabari|39|pp. 170, 171}}. Bewley/Saad 8:39, 43, 152.</ref> At the same time he began negotiations for military alliances with foreign tribes,<ref>Guillaume/Ishaq 192-195, 197-199.</ref> although it was to be another two years before he succeeded in declaring war on Mecca.<ref>Guillaume/Ishaq 201-213, 324.</ref> Even the sections of the Qur’an that were composed at the end of Muhammad’s Meccan period, though narrative rather than legislative, read more like the flat prose of Medina than the poetry of Khadijah’s lifetime.<ref>[http://www.muhammadanism.org/Canon_Sell/Quran/p074.htm/ Sell (1923), p. 74.] [http://www.truthnet.org/islam/Watt/Chapter7.html/ “The Chronology of the Qur’an.” In Bell, R. (1970). ''Introduction to the Quran.'' Revised by Montgomery Watt. Edinburgh University Press.]</ref> It is frequently said that “Islam arose by Ali’s sword and Khadijah’s wealth.”<ref>E.g., [http://www.al-islam.org/masoom/bios/khadija.htm/ Al-Jibouri, Y. T. (1994). Khadija Daughter of Khuwaylid Wife of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh)].</ref> It is clear that what Khadijah contributed to the foundations of Islam was far more than money. | Islam changed direction after Khadijah’s death. Within seven weeks Muhammad became a bigamist.<ref>{{Tabari|39|pp. 170, 171}}. Bewley/Saad 8:39, 43, 152.</ref> At the same time he began negotiations for military alliances with foreign tribes,<ref>Guillaume/Ishaq 192-195, 197-199.</ref> although it was to be another two years before he succeeded in declaring war on Mecca.<ref>Guillaume/Ishaq 201-213, 324.</ref> Even the sections of the Qur’an that were composed at the end of Muhammad’s Meccan period, though narrative rather than legislative, read more like the flat prose of Medina than the poetry of Khadijah’s lifetime.<ref>[http://www.muhammadanism.org/Canon_Sell/Quran/p074.htm/ Sell (1923), p. 74.] [http://www.truthnet.org/islam/Watt/Chapter7.html/ “The Chronology of the Qur’an.” In Bell, R. (1970). ''Introduction to the Quran.'' Revised by Montgomery Watt. Edinburgh University Press.]</ref> It is frequently said that “Islam arose by Ali’s sword and Khadijah’s wealth.”<ref>E.g., [http://www.al-islam.org/masoom/bios/khadija.htm/ Al-Jibouri, Y. T. (1994). Khadija Daughter of Khuwaylid Wife of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh)].</ref> It is clear that what Khadijah contributed to the foundations of Islam was far more than money. | ||
== In scripture == | ==In scripture== | ||
=== In the hadith === | ===In the hadith=== | ||
{{Quote|{{Al Tirmidhi||6|46|3877}}|Narrated 'Ali bin Abi Talib: that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "'''The best of its women is Khadijah bint Khuwailid''', and the best of its women is Mariam bint 'Imran."<br>Grade: Sahih (Darussalam)}}{{Core Women}} | {{Quote|{{Al Tirmidhi||6|46|3877}}|Narrated 'Ali bin Abi Talib: that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "'''The best of its women is Khadijah bint Khuwailid''', and the best of its women is Mariam bint 'Imran."<br>Grade: Sahih (Darussalam)}}{{Core Women}} | ||