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Iarabi

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 Note: In the Greek transcriptions from the first Islamic century, the L is assimilated:
-Αβδεραμαν
+Αβδεραμαν<ref>Ahmad Al-Jallad, [https://www.academia.edu/24938389/Al_Jallad_2017_The_Arabic_of_the_Islamic_Conquests_Notes_on_Phonology_and_Morphology_based_on_the_Greek_Transcriptions_from_the_First_Islamic_Century The Arabic of the Islamic conquests], p.428</ref>
 ʕabdərahṃān
-<nowiki>https://www.academia.edu/24938389/Al_Jallad_2017_The_Arabic_of_the_Islamic_Conquests_Notes_on_Phonology_and_Morphology_based_on_the_Greek_Transcriptions_from_the_First_Islamic_Century</nowiki>
+'''5- The pronominal suffix of the 3<sup>rd</sup> person masculine plural takes only the “hum” form. While classical Arabic has both “hum” and “him”.'''
+In the following example<ref>Ibid, p.90</ref>, the final pronoun should take the “him” form in accordance with classical Arabic rules. The psalm fragment instead uses the “hum” form.
+بأوثانِهُم
+bi-ʔaṯwāni-hum
+βη αυθάνϳὑμ
+'''6- The indefinite accusative is marked with ā instead of classical Arabic “an”.'''
+This is attested twice in the word γεδδα [ǧeddā]<ref>Ibid, p.22</ref> which means “very”.
+'''7- The Feminine Ending is “eh” instead of “ah” which matches modern Levantine Arabic'''<ref>Ibid, p.51</ref>
+οελευδιεὑ [wel-ʾʔewdiyeh] والأودية<ref>Ibid, p.79</ref>
+χαϳμετ σεϳλουμ [ḫaymet seylūm] خيمة سيلوم <ref>Ibid, p.91</ref>
-- The pronominal suffix of the 3<sup>rd</sup> person masculine plural takes only the “hum” form. While classical Arabic has both “hum” and “him”.
-In the following example, the final pronoun should take the “him” form in accordance with classical Arabic rules. The psalm fragment instead uses the “hum” form.
+'''8- ā is realized as [ē] unless there is an inhibiting factor, that is, an emphatic or a labial'''<ref>Ibid, p.51</ref>'''.'''
-بأوثانِهُم
+Examples:
+Ζηεδ [ziyēd], Μελεχ [mēlek], Αβδελεση [ʕabdelʕēṣī]
+'''<big>The text of the Damascus Psalm Fragment</big>'''
+fa-sēlet mayyah wel-ʔewdiyeh fāḍat leʕal wa-ḫubz yeqdir yuʕtī
+ʔeu yuheyyī māy(i)deh li-šiʕb-hu(hi) [sic] [*li-siʕbi-h(?)]
+فسىلت (فسالت) مَيَّه والأودية فاضت لعل وخبز يقدر يعطي أو يهيِّي (يهيء) مايدة (مائدة) لشعبه.
+li-dhālik semiʕ el-rab fa-ʔamtenaʕ wel-nār ʔeshteʕalet fī yaʕqūb wa ruǧz ṣaʕ(ad)
+ʕalā ʔisrāel
+لذلكْ سمع الرب فأَمتَنَع والنار اشتعلت في يعقوب ورُجُز صعد على إسراييل
+li-ʔen(nahum) (la)m yūmi(nū) billāh wa-lā (tawa)kkelū ʕalā khalāṣ-h
+لأنهم لم يومنوا بالله ولا توكلوا على خلاصه
+wa ʔamar el-siḥēb min fawq wa ʔabwāb el-se…samā fateḥ
+وأَمَر السحىب (السحاب) من فوق وأبواب السما فتح
+wa ʔamṭar lehum m(ann)a liyā(kul)ū (wa) (ḫub)z min el-(semā) ʔaʕṭā-hum
+وأمطر لهم منَّا لياكلوا و خبز من السما أعطاهم
+(ḫub)z el-melēyke (ʔak)el ʔinsēn (ša)ba(ʕ) baʕaṯ la-hum ley(i)temellew
+خبز الملايكة أكل إنسان شبع بعث لهم ليتمَلَّوْا.
+ʔahāǧ el-teym(an) min el-semā wa ʔatē bi-quwwet-uh el-ʕāṣif
+أهاج التيْمَن* من السما وأتى بقوته العاصف
+''* Al-Jallad Notes: The name of the south wind in Classical Arabic is al-ǧanūb. The use of Teym[an] here might be an Aramaicism, tayman “south.” An identical term is used in the Hebrew Bible, têmān. (p.83)''
+wa ʔamṭar ʕaley-hum mithl el-turāb luḥūm wa mithl raml el-buḥūr ṭiyūr
+mujneḥah
+وأمطر عليهم مثل التراب لحوم ومثل رمل البحور طيور مِجْنِحَة
+fa-waqaʕat fī wasaṭ ʕasker-hum ḥawl ḫiyēm-hum
+فوقعت في وسط عسكرهم حول خيامهم
+fa-ʔakelūwa šebiʕū ǧeddā wa šehwet-hum ǧēb la-hum
-bi-ʔaṯwāni-hum
+فأكلوا وشبعوا جدا وشهوتهم جاب لهم
-βη αυθάνϳὑμ
+(la)m yuʕdemū (š)ehwet-hum wa ʕindmā kēn el-ṭaʕām fī fāh-hum
+لم يُعدموا شهوتهم وعندما كان الطعام في فاهم
-P22
+wa ʔabtelew wa marmarū el-ʔilēh el-ʕālī wa šehād(ā)t-uh lam yeḥfaḏ̣ū
+وابتلوا ومرموا الإله العالي وشهاداتُه لم يحفظوا
+fa ʔanqalebū wa ġadarū miṯl ābāy(i)-hum ʔanqalebū miṯl el-qaws el-ʕawǧē
-The Feminine Ending is “eh” instead of “ah” which matches modern Levantine Arabic p.51.
+فأَنقلبوا وغدروا مثل آبايهُم أَنقلبوا مثل القوس العوجى
-<nowiki>:</nowiki>
+wa (ʔa)sḫaṭū-h bi-ʔawθāni-hum wa bi-menḥūtēti-hum ʔaġārū-h
-οελευδιεὑ [wel-ʾʔewdiyeh] والأودية p.79
+وأسخطوه بأوثانهم وبمنحوتاتهم أغاروه.
-χαϳμετ σεϳλουμ [ḫaymet seylūm] خيمة سيلوم p.91
+semiʕ allāh wa teġāfel (wa) ʔafsel ǧed(dā)—li-isra(il)
+سمع الله وتغافل وأفسل جدا لإسراييل
-The indefinite accusative is marked with ā instead of classical Arabic “an”. It’s attested twice in the word γεδδα [ǧeddā] which means “very”.
+wa ʔaqṣā ḫaymet seylūm el-mesken elleðī ʔesken fil-bašer
-p.22
+وأقصا خيمة سيلوم المسكن الذي أسكن في البشر
+wa ʔas(l)e(m) lilseb(ī) (q)oe(t-hum)
-ā is realized as [ē] unless there is an inhibiting factor, that is, an emphatic or a labial.
+وأسلم للسبي قوتهم.
-p.51
 <references />

Old Hijazi: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 18:23, 30 October 2023

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