The Pact of Umar: Difference between revisions

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 {{Quote||Allah said, (until they pay the Jizyah), if they do not choose to embrace Islam, (with willing submission), in defeat and subservience, (and feel themselves subdued.), disgraced, humiliated and belittled. Therefore, Muslims are not allowed to honor the people of Dhimmah or elevate them above Muslims, for they are miserable, disgraced and humiliated. Muslim recorded from Abu Hurayrah that the Prophet said, (Do not initiate the Salam to the Jews and Christians, and if you meet any of them in a road, force them to its narrowest alley.) This is why the Leader of the faithful `Umar bin Al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, demanded his well-known conditions be met by the Christians, these conditions that ensured their continued humiliation, degradation and disgrace.''"<ref>[http://www.tafsir.com/default.asp?sid=9&tid=20986 Tafsir ibn Kathir - Paying Jizyah is a Sign of Kufr and Disgrace]</ref>}}
-So we
+This indicates
 ==Conclusion==
-Although from the perspective of contemporary Middle Eastern regimes the strictures of the Pact of Umar were unremarkable insofar as they reflected the religious intolerance of the age, their enduring using in Islamic fiqh points to the fundamental inferiority and savageness of Islamic shari'ah vis-a-vis modern liberalism. While modern liberalism grants complete freedom of belief, the Pact of Umar enforces religious apartheid.
+Although from the perspective of contemporary Middle Eastern regimes the strictures of the Pact of Umar were unremarkable insofar as they reflected the religious intolerance of the age, their enduring usage in Islamic fiqh highlights the incompatability of traditional Islamic shari'ah with modern liberalism, which seeks a state without any such discriminatory laws. While modern liberalism grants complete freedom of belief, the Pact of Umar codifies religious segregation and oppression.
 According to Islamic theology, Umar is one of four 'Rightly-guided' Caliphs. Therefore, he is considered by them to be a model Muslim leader.<ref>"...''Sayyiduna Abu Bakr, Sayyiduna Umar Al Farouq, Sayyiduna 'Uthman Ghani and Sayyiduna Ali (radi Allahu anhumul ajma'in) were the consecutive successors of Sayyiduna Rasoolullah (sallal laahu alaihi wasallam). These four Khulafaa (pl. for Caliph) are called the "Khulafaa-e-Rashidun" or the "Rightly Guided Caliphs." Together, these four Khulafaa ruled the Islamic State for about 29 years. They are called "Rightly Guided" because they ruled the people of that time exactly according to the Holy Quran and the commands of Sayyiduna Rasoolullah (sallal laahu alaihi wasallam).''..." - [http://www.sunniessentials.net/islam/introduction/Personalities_Caliphs.pdf The Four Rightly-Guided Caliphs of Islam]</ref> His actions and this pact reflect the teachings of the Qur'an, Hadith, and scholarly consensus<ref>"...''The terms in the Pact of Omar for dealing with dhimmis are clearly in agreement with the sanction of Allah [Quran 9:29] and prophetic tradition. Therefore, the Pact of Omar, wrote Abu Yusuf, the great eighth-century Hanafi jurist, ‘stands till the ay of resurrection.’ ''..." - M. A. Khan - "[http://www.amazon.co.uk/Islamic-Jihad-Conversion-Imperialism-Slavery/dp/1440118469 Islamic Jihad: A Legacy of Forced Conversion, Imperialism, and Slavery]" - p. 106, Universe Inc., New York, Bloomington</ref> (together forming Islamic sacred law, or [[Sharia]]).
-While today's secular Europeans and Christians can and have denounced (and even apologized)<ref>[http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0003/12/sm.06.html Pope John Paul II Makes Unprecedented Apology For Sins of Catholic Church] - CNN, March 12, 2000</ref><ref>"...The Reconciliation Walk is an interdenominational grassroots movement of Western Christians,...retracing the route of the First Crusade, apologizing to Muslims, Jews and Eastern Christians for the atrocities of the Crusades -- foremost among them, the misuse of the name and message of Jesus..." - [http://www.religioustolerance.org/chr_cru1.htm Christian apology for the Crusades: The Reconciliation Walk]</ref> for past atrocities committed by others in the name of their countries and religion, the same by and large cannot be said of Islam. Many still deny that the Islamic slave trade ever existed, or indeed still exists<ref>"Officially, slavery has long been abolished in Mauritania, but the law has never been enforced and there are an estimated 600,000 slaves, almost one in five of the country's 3.2 million people, almost 150 years since the American civil war...A Berber driver, who would only give his first name, Mohammed, defended slavery. "It is our religion and custom," he said. "Why does the international community try to stop it? The slaves are better off with their masters. This is their fate. When they leave, they starve."" - Nick Meo - [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/ghana/5805113/Half-a-million-African-slaves-are-at-the-heart-of-Mauritanias-presidential-election.html Half a million African slaves are at the heart of Mauritania's presidential election] - The Telegraph, July 12, 2009</ref> in the east, and in Turkey for instance even mentioning some of the crimes of the past Turkish regimes against its dhimmi populations is a crime.
+The pact of Umar is a document with a complicated history and patchy record of implementation. Used for generations of Muslims scholars as a basis of Islamic law's dealings with non-Muslims, today many progressive Muslims question its authenticity and applicability in the modern day while no actual existing Muslim state, including official theocracies such as Iran, actually enforces all or most of its dictates. To this day, tho, many Muslim scholar still hold up this document with pride and reverence,<ref>{{cite web|title=The Convenant of Omar|url=http://www.thehandstand.org/archive/february-march2006/articles/abbas.htm|date=February-March 2006|publisher=The Handstand}}</ref> believing it to be a bedrock of fiqh vis-a-vis the treatment of non-Muslims in a Muslim state. Although no modern Muslim state actually imposes most of the strictures of the pact on non-Muslims, its legacy does live on in the de jure and de facto persecution of non-Muslim communities in Muslim states.
-To this day, many Muslims hold up this document with pride,<ref>{{cite web|title=The Convenant of Omar|url=http://www.thehandstand.org/archive/february-march2006/articles/abbas.htm|date=February-March 2006|publisher=The Handstand}}</ref> holding it to be a bedrock of fiqh vis-a-vis the treatment of non-Muslims in a Muslim state, and most Muslim nations still persecute and oppress non-Muslim communities.
 ==External Links==