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Conquest of Khaybar: Difference between revisions
→Accounts in Hadiths
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{{Quote|[https://sunnah.com/abudawud:3015 Sunan Abi Dawud Book no. 20 Hadith 3015]|Khaybar was divided among the people of al-Hudaybiyyah. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) divided it into eighteen portions. The army contained one thousand and five hundred people. There were three hundred horsemen among them. He gave double share to the horsemen, and a single to the footmen.}} | {{Quote|[https://sunnah.com/abudawud:3015 Sunan Abi Dawud Book no. 20 Hadith 3015]|Khaybar was divided among the people of al-Hudaybiyyah. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) divided it into eighteen portions. The army contained one thousand and five hundred people. There were three hundred horsemen among them. He gave double share to the horsemen, and a single to the footmen.}} | ||
The above hadith was graded "hasan" by Al-Albani, another similarly "hasan" hadith is the below which says instead that he gave a third of the booty of Khaybar to his own family: | |||
{{Quote|[https://sunnah.com/abudawud:2967 Sunan Abi Dawud Book no. 20 Hadith 2967]|Malik ibn Aws al-Hadthan said: One of the arguments put forward by Umar was that he said that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) received three things exclusively to himself: Banu an-Nadir, Khaybar and Fadak. The Banu an-Nadir property was kept wholly for his emergent needs, Fadak for travellers, and Khaybar was divided by the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) into three sections: two for Muslims, and one as a contribution for his family. If anything remained after making the contribution of his family, he divided it among the poor Emigrants.}} | |||
The issue of what to do with the people who remained in Khaybar and the profits of the date and other agriculture enterprises was to be an important topic in the later discussions of [[jizya]]. The proceeds of the [[dhimmi]]s of Khaybar was to be fay or collective booty of the entire Muslim Ummah: | |||
{{Quote|[https://sunnah.com/abudawud:3414 Sunan Abi Dawud Book no. 22 Hadith 3414]|When Allah bestowed Khaybar on His Prophet (ﷺ) as fay' (as a result of conquest without fighting), the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) allowed (them) to remain there as they were before, and apportioned it between him and them. He then sent Abdullah ibn Rawahah who assessed (the amount of dates) upon them.}} | |||
In a related hadith from the Muwatta of Malik, reports that Muhammad said: | |||
{{Quote|[https://sunnah.com/malik/33/1 Muwatta of Malik Book 33, Hadith 1]| Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from Said ibn al- Musayyab that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to the jews of Khaybar on the day of the conquest of Khaybar, "I confirm you in it as long as Allah, the Mighty, the Majestic, establishes you in it, provided that the fruits are divided between us and you." Said continued, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to send Abdullah ibn Rawaha, to assess the division of the fruit crop between him and them, and he would say, 'If you wish, you can buy it back, and if you wish, it is mine.' They would take it."}} | |||
Even tho these seem to indicate that the prophet gave permission to the Jews of Khaybar to remain in place and pay the jizya, apparently the caliph 'Umar interpreted the wishes of the prophet differently: | |||
{{Quote|[{{Abudawud|19|3001]| Umar said: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) had transaction with the Jews of Khaybar on condition that we should expel them when we wish. If anyone has property (with them), he should take it back, for I am going to expel the Jews. So he expelled them.}} | |||
==Modern Views and Perspectives== | ==Modern Views and Perspectives== | ||