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Khilafah (Caliphate): Difference between revisions
→The Rightly Guided Caliphs, or al-Khulafa al-Rashidun (632-661)
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===The Rightly Guided Caliphs, or ''al-Khulafa al-Rashidun'' (632-661)=== | ===The Rightly Guided Caliphs, or ''al-Khulafa al-Rashidun'' (632-661)=== | ||
{{Main|Rashidun Caliphs}} | {{Main|Rashidun Caliphs}} | ||
According to Islamic theology, the first four successors of Prophet [[Muhammad]] were the "Rightly-Guided Caliphs" (Khulafaa-e-Rashidun). They were all [[Sahabah]]s (companions | According to Islamic theology, the first four successors of Prophet [[Muhammad]] were the "Rightly-Guided Caliphs" (Khulafaa-e-Rashidun). They were all [[Sahabah]]s (companions) who were extremely close to Muhammad, and are therefore considered by Muslims to be model Islamic leaders who ruled in accord with the [[Qur'an]] and [[Sunnah]].<ref>[http://www.sunniessentials.net/islam/introduction/Personalities_Caliphs.pdf The Four Rightly-Guided Caliphs of Islam] - Sunni Essentials, accessed October 2, 2010</ref> The first four Caliphs were; Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, and [[Ali]]. | ||
Abu Bakr ruled for two years before dying of natural causes in 634. Umar, Uthman, and Ali were all assassinated by political oppositionists, with Ali's stint as caliph ending in a 5-year civil war that left thousands dead and gave rise to a group that would later become the [[Shi'ism]] sect of Islam. | Abu Bakr ruled for two years before dying of natural causes in 634. Umar, Uthman, and Ali were all assassinated by political oppositionists, with Ali's stint as caliph ending in a 5-year civil war that left thousands dead and gave rise to a group that would later become the [[Shi'ism]] sect of Islam. | ||