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Isa al-Masih (Jesus Christ): Difference between revisions
Automated script replacing USC-MSA hadith numbering system for Bukhari, Muslim, and Abu Dawud
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(→The Crucifixion of Isa: Linked to the parallel identified in the Late Antique Parallels page as a likely source for the Islamic Jesus.) |
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(And We breathed into it (private part) through Our Ruh,) meaning, through the angel Jibril. Allah sent the angel Jibril to Maryam, and he came to her in the shape of a man in every respect. Allah commanded him to blow into a gap of her garment and that breath went into her womb through her private part; this is how `Isa was conceived.}} | (And We breathed into it (private part) through Our Ruh,) meaning, through the angel Jibril. Allah sent the angel Jibril to Maryam, and he came to her in the shape of a man in every respect. Allah commanded him to blow into a gap of her garment and that breath went into her womb through her private part; this is how `Isa was conceived.}} | ||
=== The name ʿĪsā === | |||
The name ʿĪsā does not appear to be the Arabised version of Jesus's (real) Hebrew name ''Yeshuaʿ'', Nickel (2017) notes ''The first thing the reader of the Qurʾān notices in reading the Arabic text of the Qurʾānic material about Jesus is that he is not called Yasūʿ, as one might expect from the Semitic milieu, but rather ʿĪsā. In terms of the Arabic root letters, the ʿayn and yāʾ seem to have switched positions.''<ref>Nickel, Gordon D. “''Jesus in the Qur'an.” pp. 289.'' The Wiley Blackwell Companion to the Qur'an, Second Edition, 2017, pp. 288–302.</ref> | |||
This is not the only obscure Christian-related name in the Qur'an; for the name "Christians" itself, rather than using ''masīḥiyyūn'' (the self-identifying name of Arabic-speaking Christians as one would expect, derived from the Greek ''kristianoi'' and Syriac ''mshīḥāyē'' or ''krīstyānē'') the Qur’an consistently refers to Christians as ''naṣārā''.<ref name=":0">Reynolds, Gabriel Said. 2025. ''Christianity and the Qur'an: The Rise of Islam in Christian Arabia (pp. 2-3).'' Yale University Press. Kindle Edition.</ref> This term appears connected to Jesus’s hometown, Nazareth (''al-nāṣira'' in Arabic), and is also employed in a disparaging sense for Jesus’s followers in the Book of Acts 24, and in certain post-biblical pre-Islamic sources.<ref name=":0" /> | |||
== The Messiah (al-Masīḥ) == | == The Messiah (al-Masīḥ) == | ||
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Islam carries over its apocalyptic tradition from Christianity. As such the hadith teaches that Jesus will come back to fight for Islam. | Islam carries over its apocalyptic tradition from Christianity. As such the hadith teaches that Jesus will come back to fight for Islam. | ||
{{Quote|{{ | {{Quote|{{Abu Dawud||4324|darussalam}}|Narrated AbuHurayrah: | ||
The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: There is no prophet between me and him, that is, Jesus (peace be upon him). He will descent (to the earth). When you see him, recognise him: a man of medium height, reddish fair, wearing two light yellow garments, looking as if drops were falling down from his head though it will not be wet. '''He will fight the people for the cause of Islam. He will break the cross, kill swine, and abolish jizyah. Allah will perish all religions except Islam'''. He will destroy the Antichrist and will live on the earth for forty years and then he will die. The Muslims will pray over him.}} | The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: There is no prophet between me and him, that is, Jesus (peace be upon him). He will descent (to the earth). When you see him, recognise him: a man of medium height, reddish fair, wearing two light yellow garments, looking as if drops were falling down from his head though it will not be wet. '''He will fight the people for the cause of Islam. He will break the cross, kill swine, and abolish jizyah. Allah will perish all religions except Islam'''. He will destroy the Antichrist and will live on the earth for forty years and then he will die. The Muslims will pray over him.}} | ||
{{Quote|{{Bukhari| | {{Quote|{{Bukhari|||3448|darussalam}}|Narrated Abu Huraira: | ||
Allah’s Apostle said, “By Him in Whose Hands my soul is, surely (Jesus,) the son of Mary will soon descend amongst you and will judge mankind justly (as a Just Ruler); he will break the Cross and kill the pigs and there will be no Jizya (i.e. taxation taken from non Muslims). Money will be in abundance so that nobody will accept it, and a single prostration to Allah (in prayer) will be better than the whole world and whatever is in it.” Abu Huraira added “'''If you wish, you can recite (this verse of the Holy Book): — ‘And there is none Of the people of the Scriptures (Jews and Christians) But must believe in him (i.e Jesus as an Apostle of Allah and a human being) Before his death. And on the Day of Judgment He will be a witness Against them'''.” (4.159) (See Fateh Al Bari, Page 302 Vol 7)}} | Allah’s Apostle said, “By Him in Whose Hands my soul is, surely (Jesus,) the son of Mary will soon descend amongst you and will judge mankind justly (as a Just Ruler); he will break the Cross and kill the pigs and there will be no Jizya (i.e. taxation taken from non Muslims). Money will be in abundance so that nobody will accept it, and a single prostration to Allah (in prayer) will be better than the whole world and whatever is in it.” Abu Huraira added “'''If you wish, you can recite (this verse of the Holy Book): — ‘And there is none Of the people of the Scriptures (Jews and Christians) But must believe in him (i.e Jesus as an Apostle of Allah and a human being) Before his death. And on the Day of Judgment He will be a witness Against them'''.” (4.159) (See Fateh Al Bari, Page 302 Vol 7)}} | ||
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As in Christian apocalyptic literature, on judgment day Jesus will judge the people by the words of the Qur'an. | As in Christian apocalyptic literature, on judgment day Jesus will judge the people by the words of the Qur'an. | ||
{{Quote|{{Bukhari| | {{Quote|{{Bukhari|||3449|darussalam}}|Narrated Abu Huraira: | ||
Allah’s Apostle said “How will you be when the son of Mary (i.e. Jesus) descends amongst you and he will judge people by the Law of the Quran and not by the law of Gospel (Fateh-ul Bari page 304 and 305 Vol 7)}} | Allah’s Apostle said “How will you be when the son of Mary (i.e. Jesus) descends amongst you and he will judge people by the Law of the Quran and not by the law of Gospel (Fateh-ul Bari page 304 and 305 Vol 7)}} | ||