Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Muhammad and Ordering Executions

Le cas de Ka’b Ibn Zuhayr après le départ de la ville de Ta’if : Lorsque l’apôtre de Dieu arriva dans la ville de Médine, après son départ de Ta’if, Bujayr ibn Zuhayr ibn Abu Sulma écrivit à son frère Ka’b, lui disant que l’apôtre de Dieu avait tué certains des hommes de la Mecque qui avaient fait des satires et l’avaient insulté et que les poètes de Quraysh qui étaient restés, notamment Ibn al Ziba’ra et Hubarya ibn Abu Wahb , avaient fui dans toutes les directions.

Dieu a dit ‘ Il n’a été accordé à aucun prophète avant toi, de faire des prisonniers chez ses ennemis, jusqu’à ce qu’il ait rempli la terre de sang’ c’est-à-dire de massacrer ses ennemis jusqu’à ce qu’il les ait expulsés de leurs terres.’ Vous souhaitez les biens illusoires de ce bas monde ‘ c’est-à-dire les biens matériels, et les rançons pour les captifs.’Mais Dieu préfère l’au-delà’ dans le sens où les tuaient pour témoigner la religion qu’ils professaient et par laquelle ils pourraient accéder au Paradis dans l’autre monde.

Selon les propos de Abdullah Ibn Mas’oud : Haritha Ibn Mudarrib a raconté qu’il se rendit chez Abdullah Ibn Mas’oud et lui a dit : Il n’y a pas d’inimitié entre moi et qui que ce soit parmi les arabes. Je passai près d’une mosquée des Banu Hanifah.Ceux-ci croyaient en Musaylimah (le menteur).Abdullah ( Ibn Mas’oud) m’envoya parmi eux.Ils furent amenés au Prophète et celui-ci leur demanda de se repentir, sauf Ibn an-Nawwahah.Il lui dit : J’ai entendu le messager d’Allah (que la paix soit sur lui ) dire : N’aurais-tu pas été un messager , que je t’aurais décapité.Mais aujourd’hui tu n’es pas un messager.Il donna l’ordre à Qarazah Ibn Ka’b de le tuer.Il lui trancha la tête dans le marché.Quiconque veut voir Ibn An-Nawwahah mis à mort , il pourra le voir.

Selon les propos de ‘Aisha : À chaque fois que le messager d’Allah se préparait pour un voyage, il avait l’habitude de tirer au sort parmi ses femmes, et le messager d’Allah emmenait habituellement avec lui celle qui avait remporté le tirage au sort.Il tirait au sort parmi nous pendant l’une des batailles qu’il livrait.Le résultat me désigna, ainsi je suivis le messager d’Allah, après qu’Allah ait révélé le verset sur le voile.J’étais transportée à dos de chameau sur mon palanquin ,et posée au sol alors que j’étais à l’intérieur au moment où nous fîmes une halte.

Puis nous reprîmes notre voyage jusqu’à ce que le messager d’Allah revint de la bataille dont il sortait.

Lorsque nous approchâmes de Médine, il annonça pendant la nuit qu’il était temps de partir.Au moment du départ, je me levai et m’éloignai des lignes militaires, et après avoir fait mes besoins, je revins pour enfourcher ma monture.Je recherchai alors mon collier sur ma poitrine, ce collier qui était fait de perles de Zifar (c’est-à-dire des perles noires et blanches) et je me rendis alors compte qu’il avait disparu. Je fis alors demi-tour pour retrouver mon collier et cette recherche m’eut distrait.Cependant mes porteurs reprirent leur chemin et remirent mon palanquin sur le dos du chameau que j’avais l’habitude de monter, parce qu’ils pensaient que j’étais à l’intérieur.À cette époque nous les femmes ne pesions pas lourd car nous ne mangions pas beaucoup, et l’embonpoint n’était pas notre caractéristique principale. En conséquence les porteurs ne firent pas attention à la légèreté de mon palanquin lorsqu’ils le soulevèrent et le transportèrent, et à cette époque j’étais encore une jeune fille. Ils réveillèrent les chameaux et partirent tous ensemble.Au moment où je trouvai mon collier je me rendis compte que le convoi militaire avait disparu. Alors j’allai en direction de leur campement où je ne trouvai aucun d’entre eux qui répondit à mon appel.Puis je décidai de retourner à l’endroit où j’avais l’habitude de me reposer, en supposant qu’ils se rendraient compte de ma disparition et qu’ils reviendraient me chercher. Tandis que j’étais assise à mon point de repos, je sentis la fatigue me submerger et je m’endormis. Safwan Ibn Al Mouattal As-Soulami Adh-Dhakwani était en queue du régiment militaire.Lorsqu’il atteignit l’endroit où j’étais, au petit matin, il vît la silhouette d’une personne endormie et il me reconnût tel qu’il m’avait vu avant que le verset du voile fût révélé. Je fut réveillée par sa récitation de l’Istirja aussitôt qu’il me reconnût «  Nous appartenons à Allah et nous retournons à Lui »  (إِنَّا لِلَّٰهِ وَإِنَّا إِلَيْهِ رَاجِعُونَ) Je me recouvris le visage et la tête immédiatement, et par Allah, nous ne nous prononçâmes pas un seul mot, et je ne l’entendis pas dire le moindre mot au-delà de son Istirja. Il descendit de son chameau et le fit s’agenouiller, mettant ses jambes au niveau des pattes avant de sa monture et je montai et chevauchai celui-ci. Puis il reprit le chemin en guidant le chameau qui me transportait jusqu’à ce que nous rejoignissions le convoi militaire en milieu de journée, en pleine chaleur, alors que ceux-ci avaient fait une halte( pour se reposer). (En raison des évènements) certaines personnes avaient invoqué la destruction sur elles-mêmes et celui qui avait répandu le plus d’insultes et de calomnies était Abdullah Ibn Ubai Ibn Salul. (Urwa dit : « Les gens ont propagé des calomnies et ont parlé de cela en la présence d’Abdullah et il l’a confirmé et l’a écouté ,et, il a demandé de laisser courir ces calomnies ». Urwa ajouta «  Aucun d’entre eux n’a été mentionné comme membre du groupe calomniateur, à part Hassan Ibn Thabit et Mistah Ibn Uthatha et Hamna Bint Jahsh avec d’autres que je ne connais pas, mais ils étaient un groupe tels qu’Allah l’a dit. « Il a été dit que celui qui a le plus proféré de calomnies était Abdullah Ibn Ubai Ibn Salul «  a ajouté Urwa , « Aisha n’aimait pas qu’Hassan exagéra en sa présence et elle avait l’habitude de dire «  C’était lui qui disait : Que mon père, mon grand-père et mon honneur soient dédiés à la protection de l’honneur de Muhammad contre toi ») Aisha ajouta «  Après que nous fûmes retournés à Médine, je tombai malade pendant un mois.Les gens répandaient les déclarations fallacieuses des calomniateurs alors que je n’étais au courant de rien de tout cela, mais je sentais qu’au cours de ma maladie, Le Messager d’Allah ne manifestait pas la même gentillesse habituelle à mon égard.(Mais à présent) Le Messager d’Allah ne faisait que passer , me saluait et demandait «  Comment va-t-elle ? » puis il s’en allait. Cela fît croître mes doutes, mais je n’avait pas encore découvert les propos mensongers à mon égard , jusqu’à ce que ma période de convalescence prît fin, je me rendis alors avec Oumm Mistah chez Al-Manasi où nous ne sortions jamais de chez elle, sauf en pleine nuit pour faire nos besoins, et c’était avant que des latrines soient installées près de nos maisons.Et cette habitude de faire nos besoins était similaire à celle des anciennes pratiques des Arabes qui vivaient dans le désert, car il était risqué pour nous d’avoir des latrines près de nos maisons.Puis je sortis avec Oumm Mistah , qui était la fille d’Abou Rouhm Ibn Al-Mouttalib Ibn Abd Manaf, dont la mère était la fille de Sakhr Ibn ‘Amir et la tante d’Abou Bakr As-Siddiq, et dont le fils était Mistah Ibn Outhatha Ibn ‘Abbas Ibn Al-Mouttalib. Oumm Mistah et moi retournâmes dans ma maison après que nous eûmes fini nos besoins.Oumm Mistah trébucha en prenant son pied dans le vêtement qui lui servait de couverture et elle dit alors «  Malheur à Mistah ! », je dis alors « Quel mot dur que tu viens de prononcer.Est-ce que tu abuserais d’un homme qui a pris part à la bataille de Badr », alors elle me répondit « Ô toi Hantah ! N’as-tu pas entendu ce qu’il (Mistah ) a dit ? » je dis alors «  Et qu’a-t-il dit ? » À cet instant elle me raconta les propos diffamatoires des gens. Ceci aggrava ma maladie, et lorsque j’atteignis ma maison, Le Messager d’Allah vint vers moi, et après m’avoir salué, il dit «  Comment va-t-elle ? » Je répondis alors «  Est-ce que tu m’autorises à aller chez mes parents ? » ceci parce que je voulais prendre de leurs nouvelles.Le Messager d’Allah m’autorisa à me rendre chez mes parents, et je demandai à ma mère « Ô Mère !! Que disent les gens actuellement ? «  Elle répondit «  Ô ma fille ! Sois tranquille, car il est rare qu’une belle fille soit aimée par son mari et que ce même mari ait plusieurs femmes qui trouveraient à cette première des fautes commises. Je répondis « Subhan-Allah ! (Gloire à Allah) Est-ce que les gens parlent vraiment de cette façon ? Je pleurai alors toute la nuit jusqu’à l’aube et ne pus empêcher mes larmes de couler toute la matinée.La révélation fut alors retardée. Le Messager d’Allah appela ‘Ali Ibn Abi Talib et Ousama Ibn Zaid afin de les consulter quant à se séparer de moi.Ousama Ibn Zaid raconta ce qu’il savait de mon innocence, et du respect qu’il avait à mon égard.Ousama dit «  (Ô Messager d’Allah !) C’est ta femme et nous ne connaissons que du bien d’elle. » ‘Ali Ibn Abi Talib dit «  Ô Messager d’Allah ! Allah ne va pas te mettre en difficulté et il y a de nombreuses autres femmes à part elle, cependant, interroge la domestique parmi les esclaves qui te dira la vérité ». Sur ce, Le Messager d’Allah appela Barira l’esclave-domestique et lui dit ‘Ô Barira ! As-tu déjà vu quelque chose qui puisse éveiller tes soupçons ? » Barira lui répondit «  Par Celui Qui t’a envoyé avec La Vérité,je n’ai jamais vu en Aisha quoi que ce soit que je cacherais, sauf que c’est une jeune fille qui dort et laisse la pâte à pain à découvert si bien que la chèvre domestique vient et la mange.

Alors, en ce jour, Le Messager d’Allah monta sur le minbar et se plaignit d’Abdullah Ibn Ubai (Ibn Salul) devant ses compagnons, disant «  Ô vous les musulmans !Qui me soulagera de cet homme qui m’a blessé avec ses propos malfaisant envers ma famille ? Par Allah , je ne connais que du bien concernant ma famille et ils accusent un homme dont je ne connais que du bien, et cet homme n’est jamais entré chez moi sans que je sois présent. » Sad Ibn Mou’adh , le frère de Banou ‘Abd Al-Ashhal se leva et dit «  Ô Messager d’Allah ! Je vais t’en débarrasser ; s’il est de la tribu des Al-Aous, alors je vais lui couper la tête, et s’il est un de nos frères, c’est-à-dire de Al-Khazraj, alors ordonne nous quoi faire et nous le ferons. » À cet instant, un homme de la tribu de Al-Khazraj se leva.Oumm Hassan, son cousin, appartenait à une branche de cette tribu, et il s’agissait de Sad Ibn Oubada,le chef de Al-Khazraj. Avant cet incident c’était un homme pieux, mais son amour pour sa tribu le poussa à dire à Sad (Ibn Mou’adh) «  Par Allah, tu as proféré un mensonge ;tu ne pourras certainement pas le tuer .S’il avait appartenu à ton peuple, tu n’aurais pas souhaité le tuer. » Sur ce , Ousaid Ibn Houdair qui était le cousin de Sad ‘Ibn Mou’adh) se leva et dit à Sad Ibn ‘Oubada «  Par Allah ! Tu es un menteur ! Nous allons certainement le tuer, et tu es un hypocrite qui prend la défense d’hypocrites ».Suite à cela, les deux tribus d’Al-Aous et d’Al-Khazraj étaient tellement sur les nerfs qu’elles étaient à deux doigts de se battre tandis que Le Messager d’Allah était sur le minbar.Le Messager d’Allah insistait pour les calmer jusqu’à ce que les deux tribus et lui-même devinrent silencieux. Toute cette journée je pleurais toutes les larmes de mon corps et je n’ai pas trouvé le sommeil. Au matin mes parents étaient à mes côtés et je pleurais pendant deux nuits et une journée,mes larmes ne cessèrent de couler , et je ne trouvais pas le sommeil au point où je me disais que j’allais en perdre ma foi.Ensuite, alors que mes parents était assis à mon chevet , une femme des Ansars me demanda si elle pouvait entrer.Je l’autorisai et elle s’assit et se mit à pleurer avec moi.Dans l’état où nous étions , Le Messager d’Allah vint, nous salua et s’assit.Il ne s’était jamais assis avec moi depuis le jour où la rumeur de calomnie avait commencé.Un mois s’était écoulé et aucune révélation n’était descendu sur lui quant à moi.Le Messager d’Allah récita alors le Tashah-Houd et dit «  Amma Badou , Ô Aisha ! On m’a informé de telle chose et de telle autre te concernant ; si tu es innocente, alors Allah bientôt révélera ton innocence, et si tu as commis un péché, alors repens toi à Allah et demande Lui pardon, car lorsqu’un esclave confesse ses péchés et demande à Allah Son pardon, Allah accepte son repentir ». Une fois qu’il eût terminé son discours, mes larmes cessèrent complètement de couler au point où je ne sentis plus aucune goutte.Je dis alors à mon père « Réponds au Messager d’Allah pour moi quant à ce qu’il vient de dire».Mon père dit alors «  Par Allah, je ne sais pas quoi dire au Messager d’Allah ».Bien que j’étais une jeune fille et que j’avais une faible connaissance du Coran, je dis «  Par Allah , il ne fait aucun doute que je sais que tu as entendu ces propos diffamatoires de sorte qu’ils sont gravés dans ton esprit et tu les as considérés comme vrais.Maintenant , si je te dis que je suis innocente, tu ne me croiras pas, et si je me confesse à ce propos, alors Allah Sait que je suis innocente, il est sûr que tu ne me croiras pas.Par Allah je ne trouve aucun point commun entre toi et moi sauf lorsqu’il s’agit du père de Joseph quand il dit «  (Pour moi) la patience est la plus appropriée contre tes affirmations : c’est uniquement Le Secours d’Allah Seul qui doit être recherché. » Ensuite je lui tournai le dos et m’allongeai sur mon lit ; et Allah savait que j’étais innocente et j’espérais qu’Allah le révélerait.Mais, par Allah, je n’ai jamais pensé qu’Allah révélerai un verset me concernant, c’est-à-dire la Révélation Divine qui serait récitée car je me considérais comme insignifiante pour être mentionnée par Allah comme quelque chose digne d’intérêt, mais j’espérais que le Messager d’Allah ferait un rêve au cours duquel Allah prouverait mon innocence.Mais par Allah, avant que le Messager d’Allah quitta son siège et avant même que les domestiques quittèrent la pièce , la Révélation vint au Messager d’Allah. Alors il tomba dans le même type d’état que celui qui s’emparait de lui (lorsqu’il recevait la Révélation).La transpiration coulait abondamment le long de son corps bien que ce jour était hivernal et c’était en raison de la lourdeur des versets qui lui étaient révélés.Lorsque le Messager d’Allah sortit de sa transe, il se leva en souriant, et son premier mot fût «  Ô Aisha ! Allah a déclaré ton innocence ! » Puis ma mère m’a dit «  Lève toi et va le voir(c’est.-à-dire le Messager d’Allah) .Je répondis «  Par Allah , je n’irai pas le voir, louange à Allah Seul » Alors Allah révéla les dix versets ! « En vérité ! Ceux qui répandent des calomnies sont un groupe parmi vous… «  (Sourate 24 An-Nour, versets 11 à 20) Allah révéla ces versets coraniques pour déclarer mon innocence.Abou Bakr As-Siddiq qui avait l’habitude de dépenser de l’argent pour Mistah Ibn Outhatha en raison de son lien avec lui et à cause de sa pauvreté dit , «  Par Allah , je ne donnerai plus jamais rien à Mistah Ibn Outhatha après ce qu’il a dit à propos d’Aisha ».Alors Allah révéla : «  Et ne laissez pas ceux parmi vous qui sont bons et aisés matériellement jurer de ne plus rien donner à leurs parents, à ceux dans le besoin, et ceux qui ont quitté leurs foyers pour défendre la cause d’Allah,laissez les s’excuser et pardonnez les.N’aimez-vous pas quand Allah vous pardonne ? Et Allah est Celui Qui pardonne et Le Plus Miséricordieux (Sourate 24 An-Nour , verset 22)

Abou Bakr As-Siddiq dit alors «  Oui Par Allah, j’aimerais bien qu’Allah me pardonne » et il se remit à donner à Mistah les sommes d’argent qu’il lui donnait auparavant.Il ajouta aussi «  Par Allah , je ne le priverai plus jamais de quoi que ce soit »

Aisha par la suite déclara : « Le Messager d’Allah a aussi demandé à Zaynab Bint Jahsh(c’est-à-dire son autre femme) à mon propos.Il dit à Zaynab, «  Que sais-tu et qu’as-tu vu ? »Elle lui répondit «  Ô Messager d’Allah ! Je m’abstiens de proclamer faussement ce que j’ai vu ou entendu.Par Allah, je ne sais rien si ce n’est du bien concernant Aisha » Parmi les femmes du Prophète Zaynab était mon égale ( en beauté et en affection qu’elle recevait du Prophète) mais Allah l’épargna du mal en raison de sa piété.Sa sœur Hamna, commença à se disputer pour elle et elle fut exterminée avec tous ceux qui furent exterminés.L’homme qui fût accusé dit «  Soubhan-Allah !! Par Celui qui tient mon âme dans Sa Main, je n’ai jamais retiré le voile d’aucune femme » Plus tard cet homme mourut en martyr pour la cause d’Allah »

Durant l’expédition menée par Salim Ibn Oumary’s pour tuer Abou ‘Afak :

Abou ‘Afak était un membre des Bani ‘Amr Ibn ‘Auf du clan de ‘Oubada. Il avait montré sa désapprobation lorsque le Messager d’Allah avait tué Al-Harith Ibn Souwayd Ibn Samit et avait dit :

J’ai vécu longtemps mais je n’ai jamais vu Une assemblée ou un groupe de personnes Plus fidèles à leur engagement Ainsi que leur alliés lorsqu’on faisait appel à eux Que les fils de Qayla lorsqu’ils se regroupaient Des hommes qui renversaient les montagnes et ne se soumettaient jamais. Un cavalier vint à eux et les divisa en deux groupes (disant) : « Permis », « Interdit » pour toutes sortes de choses. Si vous aviez cru dans la gloire ou la parenté Vous auriez suivi Toubba.

Le Messager d’Allah dit « Qui s’occupera de ces bandits pour moi ? Sur quoi ,Salim Ibn ‘Oumayr , le frère des Bani ‘Amr Ibn ‘Auf , l’un des plaignants ,prit les devants et le tua. Oumama Ibn Mouzayriya commenta cela ainsi :

Vous avez attribué un mensonge à la religion de Dieu et à l’homme Ahmad ! Par celui qui était ton père, quel diable de fils a-t-il engendré ! Un orthodoxe t’a asséné un coup en pleine nuit, disant « Prenez cet Abou ‘Afak en dépit de votre âge ! » Bien que je savais qu’il s’agissait d’un homme ou d’un génie Qui t’avait massacré en toute fin de nuit (Aurais-je dit méchamment)

À ce moment l’expédition de Salim Ibn Oumayr Al-Amri eut lieu contre Abou ‘Afak,le Juif, pendant le mois de Shawwal au début du vingtième mois de l’Hégire [immigration de la Mecque vers Médine en 622 après J-C] du Messager d’Allah.Abou ‘Afak , qui était de la tribu des Bani Ibn Awf, était un vieil homme qui avait atteint l’âge de cent vingt ans. Il était Juif, et avait l’habitude de monter les gens contre le Messager d’Allah, et composait des versets satiriques à l’encontre de Muhammad. Salim Ibn Oumayr, qui était un des plus grands opposants et qui avait participé à la bataille de Badr , dit alors «  Je fais le vœu que je tuerai soit Abou ‘Afak soit je mourrai avant lui. » Il attendit qu’une opportunité jusqu’à ce qu’une nuit chaude tomba, et qu’ Abou ‘Afak dormit dans un lieu découvert. Salim Ibn Oumayr le savait , et donc il lui enfonça son épée jusqu’au foie et appuya dessus jusqu’à ce qu’elle atteignit son lit. L’ennemi d’Allah poussa un cri et les gens qui étaient avec lui se précipitèrent vers lui , l’emmenèrent à sa maison et l’enterrèrent .

Selon Jabir Ibn ‘Abdoullah : Le Messager d’Allah a dit : «  Qui est prêt à tuer Ka’b Ibn Al-Ashraf , celui qui a offensé Allah et Son Messager ? » Ce sur quoi Muhammad Ibn Maslama se leva et dit «  Ô Messager d’Allah ! Souhaites–tu que je le tue ? » , Le Prophète dit «  Oui » , Muhammad Ibn Maslama dit «  Alors autorise moi à tenir des propos trompeurs (pour faire diversion auprès de Ka’b) ». Le Prophète dit «  Tu peux le faire ».Alors Muhammad Ibn Maslama se rendit chez Ka’b et dit «  Cet homme ( c.a.d Muhammad ) exige la Zakat(= l’aumône religieuse) de notre part, et il nous a causé du tort, et je viens pour emprunter quelque chose ». Sur ce , Ka’b répondit «  Par Allah , tu en auras marre de lui ! » Muhammad Ibn Maslama dit alors «  À présent que nous l’avons suivi, nous ne voulons pas l’abandonner à moins que et jusqu’à ce que nous soyons témoins de comment il finira. Maintenant nous souhaitons que vous nous prêtiez une ou deux rations de viande de chameau» ( Il existe certaines différences entre les rapporteurs concernant la portion de viande de chameau , s’il s’agit d’une ou de plusieurs) Ka’b dit «  Oui (je vous les prêterai) , mais vous devrez me donner quelque chose en contrepartie » Muhammad Ibn Maslama et ses compagnons dirent «  Que veux-tu ? » Ka’b répondit «  Donnez moi en contrepartie vos femmes » Ils répondirent «  Comment pourrions-nous te donner en contrepartie nos femmes alors que tu es le plus beau des Arabes ? »Ka’b rétorqua «  Alors donnez moi en garantie vos fils » Ils dirent «  Comment pourrions-nous te donner nos fils comme garantie ? Plus tard les gens abuseront d’eux en prétextant qu’ils ont été donnés en garantie contre une ration de viande de chameau.Cela nous causerait un grand préjudice, mais nous te donnerons en garantie nos armes »

Muhammad Ibn Maslama et ses compagnons promirent à Ka’b que Muhammad reviendrait chez lui.Il alla chez Ka’b pendant la nuit avec le frère adoptif de Ka’b, Abou Na’ila.Ka’b les invita dans sa forteresse, et les accueillit.Sa femme lui demanda «  J’entends une voix m’indiquant que sa présence est suivie de sang qui va se répandre , et Ka’b lui répondit «  Ils ne sont rien de plus que mon frère Muhammad Ibn Maslama et mon frère adoptif Abou Na’ila.Un homme généreux devrait répondre à un appel de nuit même s’il est appelé à être tué ». Muhammad Ibn Maslama vint avec deux hommes ( certains rapporteurs mentionnent que ces hommes étaient ‘Abou Ibn Jabr, Al-Harith Ibn Aous et Abbad Ibn Bishr). Alors Muhammad Ibn Maslama vint avec deux hommes et leur ordonna «  Lorsque Ka’b viendra , je lui toucherai les cheveux et les sentirai et lorsque vous verrez que je tiens sa tête , dépouillez le.Je vous laisserai ensuite sentir sa tête » .Ka’b Ibn Al-Ashraf vint emmitouflé dans ses vêtements et diffusa du parfum.

Muhammad Ibn Maslama dit «  Je n’ai jamais senti une meilleure fragrance que celle-ci ».Ka’b répondit «  Je dispose des meilleures femmes parmi les Arabes qui savent comment utiliser les meilleurs parfums ».Muhammad Ibn Maslama demanda à Ka’b «  M’autoriserais-tu à sentir ta tête ? » Ka’b acquiesça .Muhammad la sentit et la fit sentir à ses compagnons également. Alors il demanda à nouveau à Ka’b «  Est-ce que tu me laisserais la sentir encore ? » Ka’b acquiesça de nouveau.Alors Muhammad l’empoigna fortement, puis indiqua à ses compagnons «  Saisissez-le ! » Ainsi ils le tuèrent et retournèrent chez Le Prophète pour l’en informer. ‘Abou Rafi’ fut tué après Ka’b Ibn Al-Ashraf » (Sahih Al Boukhari 5 :59 :369)

Rapporté par Al-Bara Ibn Azib : Le Messager d’Allah envoya un groupe de personnes chez Abou Rafi’.Abdoullah Ibn Atik pénétra dans sa maison en pleine nuit, alors qu’il dormait et le tua.

Rapporté par Al-Bara Ibn Azib : Le Messager d’Allah envoya certains hommes parmi les Ansars (pour tuer ) chez Abou Rafi’ le Juif, et désigna ‘Abdoullah Ibn Atik comme leur chef.Abou Rafi’ avait l’habitude d’offenser le Messager d’Allah et aidait ses ennemis contre lui.Il vivait dans son château sur les terres du Hijaz.Lorsque ses hommes approchaient du château , au moment du coucher du soleil , et que les gens avaient ramené leur bétail dans leurs habitations.Abdoullah (Ibn Atik) dit à ses compagnons » Asseyez vous à vos endroits respectifs.Je vais essayer de jouer un tour au gardien de sorte que je pourrai entrer dans le château ».Alors Abdoullah s’avança vers le château , et lorsqu’il fut à proximité de la porte, il se couvrit avec ses vêtements, feignant de faire ses besoins.Les gens entraient et le gardien ( qu’Abdoullah considérait comme un des domestiques du château) se tourna vers lui en disant «  Ô serviteur d’Allah ! Entre si tu le souhaites, car je suis sur le point de fermer la porte ».Abdoullah ajouta à son récit «  Puis j’entrai (dans le château) et je me cachai.Certaines personnes restaient tard la nuit avec Abou Rafi’ en discussions courtoises dans une pièce.Lorsque ses compagnons de session nocturne s’en allèrent, je montai vers lui, et aussitôt j’ouvris et je refermai la porte de l’intérieur. Je me dis «  Pour peu que ces personnes se rendent compte de ma présence, ils ne pourront pas m’attraper jusqu’à ce que je l’ai tué » .Ensuite je le rejoignis et le trouvai endormi dans une maison sombre parmi les membres de sa famille, et je ne pus identifier l’endroit où il se trouvait dans la maison.

Puis je criai « Ô Abou Rafi’ ! » Abou Rafi’ dit «  Qui est-ce ? » Je le lançai vers la source de la voix et le frappai avec mon épée, et , en raison de mon hésitation, je ne pus pas le tuer.Il cria fort, et je sortis de la maison et attendis pendant un moment, puis je retournai vers lui à nouveau et dit «  Quelle est cette voix Ô Abou Rafi’ ? » Il répondit «  Que ta mère soit maudite ! Un homme s’est introduit dans ma maison et m’a frappé avec une épée ! » Je le frappai encore durement mais je ne le tuai pas. Alors j’enfonçai le bout de la lame en plein dans son ventre (et appuya dessus) jusqu’à ce qu’elle lui toucha le dos, et je me rendis compte que je l’avais tué. Alors j’ouvris les portes une par une jusqu’à ce que j’atteignis un escalier, et, pensant que j’avais atteint le sol, je fis un pas vers l’avant mais je tombai et je me cassai la jambe sous la pleine lune. Je serrai ma jambe avec un turban et repris chemin jusqu’à ce que je m’assis devant la porte et dis «  Je ne sortirai pas cette nuit tant que je n’ai pas la certitude de l’avoir tué ». Ensuite (au petit matin) lorsque le coq chanta, un héraut vint devant le mur et annonça la victime en déclarant «  J’annonce la mort d’Abou Rafi’, le marchand du Hijaz. »

Sur ce je revins vers mes compagnons et dis « Sauvons-nous, car Allah a tué Abou Rafi’ » Enfin, mes compagnons et moi nous rendîmes chez Le Prophète et nous lui racontâmes toute l’histoire. Il dit «  Allonge ta jambe cassée. » Je l’allongeai et il la frotta, et alors elle se remit comme si je n’avais jamais eu la moindre douleur »

Rapporté par Al-Bara : «  Le Messager d’Allah envoya ‘Abdoullah Ibn ‘Atik et ‘Abdoullah Ibn Outba’ avec un groupe d’hommes chez Abou Rafi’ ( pour le tuer). Ils prirent la route jusqu’à ce qu’ils s’approchèrent de son château, au moment où ‘Abdoullah Ibn Atik leur dit » Attendez (ici) ,pendant ce temps je vais y aller et voir » . Abdoullah dit plus tard » J’ai joué un mauvais tour pour entrer dans le château.Par chance, ils ont perdu une de leurs mules et sortirent en portant une torche pour la chercher. Je craignais qu’ils me reconnussent, donc je me couvris la tête et les jambes et fis semblant de faire mes besoins.Le gardien lança l'appel «  Quiconque veut entrer, qu’il vienne avant que je ferme la porte » Donc je vins et me cachai dans la cale d’une mule près de la porte du château.Ils prirent leur souper avec Abou Rafi’ et passèrent la nuit à discuter.Puis ils retournèrent à leurs maisons. Lorsque les voix diminuèrent et que ne je détectai plus aucun mouvement, je sortis. J’avais vu où le gardien avait déposé la clé du château ,dans un trou dans le mur.Je la pris et déverrouillai la porte du château, pensant «  Si ces gens me remarquent, je me sauverai facilement « .Alors je fermai toutes les portes de leurs maisons de l’extérieur tandis qu’ils étaient à l’intérieur, et je montai vers Abou Rafi’ en empruntant les escaliers. Je vis sa maison dans les ténèbres complètes avec la lumière éteinte, et je ne pouvais pas voir où l’homme était.

Alors je l’appelai «  Ô Abou Rafi’ ! » Il répondit «  Qui est-ce ? » Je me dirigeai vers la voix et l’attaquai.Il poussa un cri fort mais mon attaque était inutile. Alors je vins vers lui , faisant semblant de l’aider , en disant d’un ton de voix différent «  Que se passe-t-il Ô Abou Rafi’ ? » Il dit «  N’es-tu pas surpris ?Malheur à ta mère ! Un homme est venu vers moi et m’a frappé avec une épée ! » Alors je le visai encore et le frappai, mais le coup fut encore raté ,alors Abou Rafi’ cria fort et sa femme se réveilla. Je vins encore et changeai ma voix comme si je venais pour l’aider et je trouvai Abou Rafi’ allongé de tout son corps sur le dos, puis je lui enfonçai l’épée dans le ventre et appuyai dessus jusqu’à ce que j’entendis le bruit d’un os se casser. Ensuite je sortis , plein d’étonnement et pris l’escalier pour descendre , mais j’en tombai et me cassai la jambe.Je me bandai la jambe et je me rendis vers mes compagnons en boitant.

Je leur dis «  Allez annoncer une bonne nouvelle au Messager d’Allah , mais je ne quitterai pas cet endroit tant que je n’aurai pas entendu la nouvelle de la mort d’Abou Rafi’ » Lorsque le jour se leva , un héraut funeste traversa les murs et déclara «  Je vous informe de la mort d’Abou Rafi’ » Je me levai et repris chemin sans sentir la moindre douleur jusqu’à ce que je rattrapa mes compagnons avant qu’ils aient pu trouver Le Prophète à qui je communiquai la bonne nouvelle »

Rapporté par Al-Bara Ibn Azib : Le Messager d’Allah envoya un groupe parmi les hommes des Ansars pour tuer Abou-Rafi. L’un d’eux pris la route et entra dans la forteresse de leur ennemi. Cet homme dit «  Je me cachai dans une étable où étaient leurs animaux .Ils fermèrent les portes de la forteresse.Plus tard ils perdirent un de leurs ânes, alors ils se rendirent à sa recherche.Je les suivis, feignant de le chercher aussi avec eux.Ils trouvèrent l’âne et rentrèrent avec dans leur forteresse.J’en profitai pour entrer également.Ils fermèrent la porte du fort pendant la nuit, et gardèrent leurs clés dans une petite fenêtre où je pouvais les voir. Lorsqu’ils furent tous endormis, je pris les clés et ouvris la porte du fort et vins vers Abou Rafi’ et dis «  Ô Abou Rafi’ ».Quand il me répondit, je me dirigeai vers la voix et le frappa.Il cria et je sortis pour revenir, faisant semblant d’être l’un de ses assistants. Je dis «  Ô Abou Rafi’ », changeant l’intonation de ma voix.Il me demanda «  Que veux-tu ; malheur à ta mère ? » Je lui demandai «  Que t’arrive-t-il ? » Il dit «  Je ne sais pas, quelqu’un est venu et m’a frappé ».Alors je lui enfonçai mon épée dans le ventre et la poussa fortement jusqu’à ce qu’elle touche ses os.Puis je sortis, complètement hagard et me dirigeai vers une de leurs échelles pour descendre mais je tombai et me foula la jambe. Je me rendis vers mes compagnons et dis «  Je ne m’en irai pas tant que je n’entendrai pas les femmes se lamenter » .Ainsi je restai jusqu’à ce que j’entendis les femmes pleurer Abou Rafi’, le marchand du Hijaz.Lorsque je me levai, je ne sentis plus aucune douleur (et nous reprîmes la route) jusqu’à ce que nous vînmes auprès du Prophète et l’informâmes.

« Le meurtre d’Abou Rafi’, ‘Abdoullah Ibn Abi Al Houqaiq, qui était aussi appelé Salam Ibn Abi Al Houqaiq qui habitait à Khaybar, certains disaient qu’il vivait dans son château sur les terres du Hijaz. Az-Zouri disait «  Il (=Abou Rafi’) a été tué après Ka’b Ibn Al-Ashraf « «

Le meurtre de Sallam Ibn Abou’l- Houqaiq :

Lorsque la bataille du fossé et les problèmes des Bani Qourayza prirent fin, le sujet de Sallam Ibn Abou’l Houqayq connu comme Abou Rafi vint à l’ordre du jour en lien avec ceux qui avaient rassemblé les différentes tribus contre le Messager d’Allah.À présent Aous avait tué Ka’b Ibn Al-Ashraf avant les évènements de Ouhoud en raison de son animosité envers le Messager d’Allah et parce qu’il avait monté des gens contre lui, en conséquence Khazraj demanda et reçut la permission du Messager d’Allah de tuer Sallam qui se trouvait à Khaybar. Muhammad Ibn Mouslim Ibn Shihab Al-Zouhri ( de Abdoullah Ibn Ka’b Ibn Malik) me dit : Une des choses que Dieu a fait pour son Messager était que ces deux tribus des Ansars, des Aous et de Khazraj, se complétaient l’une l’autre comme deux étalons :Si les Aous faisaient quoi que ce soit en faveur du Messager d’Allah , les Khazrak diraient «  Ils n’auront pas le dessus sur nous aux yeux du Messager d’Allah et en Islam » et ils ne trouveraient pas le repos jusqu’à ce qu’ils aient accompli quelque chose de similaire.Si les Khazraj faisaient quoi que ce soit , les Aous disaient la même chose. Lorsque les Aous tuèrent Ka’b en raison de son inimitié envers le Messager d’Allah : Les Khazraj utilisaient ces termes et se demandaient quel homme était aussi hostile envers le Messager d’Allah que Ka’b. Et ils se rappelaient Sallam qui était à Khaybar et demandaient et obtenaient la permission du Messager d’Allah de le tuer. Cinq hommes parmi les Bani Salima des Khazraj vinrent vers lui : ‘Abdoullah Ibn ‘Atik ; Mas’oud Ibn Sinan ; ‘Abdoullah Ibn Ounays ; Abou Qatada Al-Harith Ibn Rib’i ; et Khouza’i Ibn Aswad , ainsi qu’un allié d’Aslam.Alors qu’ils prirent le départ , le Messager d’Allah désigna ‘Abdoullah Ibn ‘Atik comme leur chef, et il leur interdit de tuer les femmes ou les enfants.Lorsqu’ils arrivèrent à Khaybar ils se rendirent de nuit à la maison de Sallam , en ayant pris soin de fermer chaque porte des chambres des personnes parmi les résidents. À présent il se trouvait dans une chambre supérieure accessible par une échelle.Ils montèrent à l’échelle jusqu’à ce qu’ils atteignirent la porte et demandèrent la permission d’entrer.Sa femme sortit et demanda qui ils étaient et ils lui dirent qu’ils étaient des arabes en quête de fournitures.Elle leur répondit que l’homme qu’ils cherchaient était ici et qu’ils pouvaient entrer.Lorsqu’ils entrèrent ils verrouillèrent la porte de la chambre sur elle et eux-mêmes craignant moins que quelque chose dusse venir entre eux et lui.Sa femme poussa un hurlement et l’avertit de leur présence, si bien qu’ils coururent vers lui avec leurs épées tandis qu’il était sur son lit. La seule chose qui les guidait dans les ténèbres était sa blancheur comme une couverture égyptienne. Lorsque sa femme hurla l’un de nous pointa sa lame vers elle ; alors il se rappela l’interdiction du Messager d’Allah de tuer les femmes et rengaina son épée : autrement ils en auraient fini avec elle cette nuit.Lorsqu’ils l’eurent frappé avec leurs épées ‘Abdoullah Ibn Ounays poussa son épée dans son ventre jusqu’à ce qu’elle le traverse complètement, tandis qu’il disait « ça suffit, ça suffit ». Ils sortirent .Dès lors ‘Abdoullah Ibn ‘Atik avait une mauvaise vue, et tomba de l’échelle puis se tordit le bras gravement, et nous dûmes le porter jusqu’à un cours d’eau où ils se cachèrent.Les gens allumèrent des lampes et allèrent à leur recherche dans toutes les directions jusqu’à désespérer de les trouver, ils retournèrent vers leur maître et se rassemblèrent autour de lui pendant qu’il rendait l’âme. Ils se demandèrent comment ils pouvaient savoir si l’ennemi de Dieu était mort et l’un d’eux se porta volontaire pour y aller et vérifier : donc il y alla et se mélangea avec les gens. Il leur dit «  J’ai trouvé sa femme et des Juifs rassemblés autour de lui.Elle avait une lampe dans la main et le dévisageait en disant «  Par Dieu je suis sûre d’avoir entendu la voix d’Abdullah Ibn ‘Atik. Puis je me dis que j’avais du me tromper et pensai «  Comment Ibn ‘Atik peut être dans cette contrée ? » Puis elle se tourna vers lui, regarda son visage et dit «  Par le Dieu des Juifs il est mort ! » Je n’avais jamais entendu de mots plus doux que ceux-ci. Puis il vint vers eux et les informa , et ils portèrent leur compagnon et l’emmenèrent chez le Messager d’Allah et lui dirent qu’ils avaient tué l’ennemi de Dieu.Ils se disputèrent devant lui à propos de qui parmi eux l’avait tué, chacun s’attribuant le mérite.Le Messager demanda à voir leurs épées , il les observa et dit «  C’est l’épée d’Abdoullah Ibn Ounays qui l’a tué ; je peux voir des traces de chair dessus » Hassan Ibn Thabit mentionne le meurtre de Ka’n et Sallam disant :

Seigneur, quelle équipe courageuse tu as rencontrée, Ô Ibnou’l-Houqayq et Ibnou’l-Ashraf ! Ils vinrent à toi avec des épées tranchantes, Vifs comme des lions dans leurs fourreaux enchevêtrés, Jusqu’à ce qu’ils vinrent à toi dans ta demeure, Et t’ont fait goûté à la mort avec leur épées funestes, Cherchant la victoire de la religion de leur prophète Quelconque en soit le prix.

Le meurtre d’Abou Rafi Le Juif :

Abou Ja’far ( At-Tabari) dit : Cette année , il est annoncé que le meurtre d’Abou Rafi’ eut lieu.La raison de ce meurtre était qu’il avait pris le parti de Ka’b Al-Ashraf contre le Messager de Dieu.Le Messager de Dieu a dit d’envoyer ‘Abd Allah Ibn ‘Atik contre lui en plein milieu du mois de Joumada Al-Akhirah ( qui commençait le 19 Novembre 624). Selon Haroun Ibn Ishaq Al-Hamdani—Mous’ab Ibn Miqdam—Isra’il—Abou Ishaq—Al Bard’ : Le Messager de Dieu envoya certains des Ansars sous le commandement d’Abd Allah Ibn Ouqbah ou ‘Abd Allah Ibn ‘Atik contre Abou Rafi’ le Juif qui était dans le Hijaz.Abou Rafi’ avait l’habitude d’insulter et de faire du tort au Messager de Dieu.Il vivait dans sa forteresse du Hijaz. Lorsque la fête des musulmans touchait à sa fin, comme le soleil se couchait et que les gens récupéraient leurs troupeaux, ‘Abd Allah Ibn ‘Ouqbah ou ‘Abd Allah Ibn ‘Atik dit aux autres «  Restez où vous êtes, et je vais aller amadouer le garde , en espérant qu’il me laisse entrer » Il réussit à pénétrer les lieux et , lorsqu’il était près de la porte, il s’enveloppa dans son manteau tandis qu’il se rassurait.Les autres personnes étaient entrées et le gardien l’appela «  Toi là , si tu veux entrer, alors entre , car je vais fermer la porte » « J’entrai «  il dit «  et je me cachai dans l’enclos d’un âne » Lorsque tout le monde fut à l’intérieur, l’homme ferma la porte et accrocha les clés sur un piquet en bois.J’allai vers les clés, les pris et ouvris la porte.Abou Rafi’ se tenait en compagnie de ses hôtes en plein souper, et lorsque ses invités quittèrent les lieux je m’approchai de lui.À chaque fois que j’ouvrais une porte , je la refermais derrière moi de l’intérieur, me disant intérieurement «  s’ils s’aperçoivent de ma présence, ils ne pourront pas m’atteindre avant que je le tue » Lorsque je fus près de lui, il était dans une pièce sombre avec sa famille.Comme je ne savais pas où il était exactement dans la pièce, je dis «  Abou Rafi’ ! » et il répondit «  Qui est là ? » je me précipitai vers le son et lui donnai un coup avec mon épaule, mais j’étais dans un état de confusion et je ne touchai rien.Il poussa un cri et je quittai la pièce mais restai à portée de main. Alors je revins et dis «  Quel était ce bruit Abou Rafi’ ? » « Mince » dit-il «  il y a un homme dans la maison qui m’a frappé avec son épée » alors je le frappai et l’assaillis à plusieurs reprises mais je ne pus pas le tuer, donc je lui enfonçai le bout de mon épée dans l’estomac jusqu’à ce qu’il sortit par son dos.À cet instant , je savais que je l’avais tué, et je rouvris les portes une par une jusqu’à atteindre un escalier.Pensant que j’avais atteint le sol , je posai mon pied mais je tombai et me cassai la jambe à la lueur de la pleine lune.Je bandai ma jambe avec un turban et repris mon chemin.Finalement, me retrouvant assis devant la porte, je me dis «  Par Dieu, je ne partirai pas cette nuit tant que je saurais pas si je l’ai tué ou pas »Alors le coq chanta , et le héraut annonçant sa mort se leva au dessus du mur et dit «  J’annonce la mort d’Abou Rafi’ , le bienfaiteur des gens du Hijaz » J’allai chez mes compagnons et dis «  Délivrance ! Dieu a tué Abou Rafi’ » Puis je me rendis chez Le Prophète et lui communiqua la nouvelle, et il dit «  Étends ta jambe ! » Lorsque je l’étendis, il la caressa , et c’était comme si je n’avais jamais eu aucune douleur » Abou Ja’far (At-Tabari) dit : Concernant Al-Waqidi, il affirme que cette expédition envoyée par le Messager de Dieu contre Abou Rafi’ Sallam Ibn Al Houqayd avait été effectuée au cours de la quatrième année de l’Hégire pendant le mois de Dhoul-Hijjah ( qui commence le 4 May 626) et ceux qui s’y rendirent et le tuèrent étaient Abou Qatada , ‘Abd Allah Ibn ‘Atik, Mas’oud Ibn Sinan, Al-Aswad Ibn Khouza’i et ‘Abd Allah Ibn Ounays. Selon Ibn Houmayd—Salamah—Ibn Ishaq : Sallam Ibn Abi Al-Houqayq , qui était Abou Rafi’ était l’un de ceux qui avaient rassemblé les coalisés contre le Messager de Dieu. Al-Aws avait tué Ka’b Ibn Al-Ashraf avant la bataille de Ouhoud en raison de son inimitié envers le Messager de Dieu et pour avoir monté les gens contre ce dernier, ainsi Al-Khazraj demanda la permission au Messager de Dieu de tuer Sallam Ibn Abi Al-Houqayq, qui se trouvait à Khaybar et le Messager de Dieu approuva.

Lorsque sa femme cria que nous étions ici, l’un d’eux allait lever son épée sur elle ; alors nous nous sommes rappelés l’interdiction du Prophète et il rangea son épée.

Sans quoi , il l’aura découpée au cours de la nuit. » Assez !Assez ! »Nous sortîmes immédiatement.’Abd Allah Ibn ‘Atik avait une mauvaise vue et il tomba dans l’allée des escaliers, se foulant gravement la jambe.Nous l’aidâmes à se lever, l’emmenâmes à une de leurs sources d’eau et y entrâmes.Ils(=nos poursuivants) allumèrent des torches et nous cherchèrent dans chaque coin et recoin , mais à la fin ils abandonnèrent tout espoir de nous trouver et revinrent chez leur maître, se rassemblant autour de lui alors qu’il gisait allongé en train de mourir.Nous nous dîmes » Comment allons nous savoir que l’ennemi de Dieu est mort ? » L’un de nous dît «  Je vais aller vérifier pour vous » Il partit et se mélangea à la foule.Il dît plus tard «  Je l’ai trouvé avec des gens parmi les Juifs , et avec sa femme, qui tenait une lampe dans sa main et le regardait .Alors elle s’adressa à eux «  Par Dieu j’ai reconnu la voix d’Ibn ‘Atik , mais je pense que je me suis trompée et je me suis dit «  Comment Ibn ‘Atik peut être sur ces terres ? » Puis elle se tourna vers lui en le regardant et dît « Par le Dieu des Juifs, il est mort »Je n’avais jamais entendu de mots plus satisfaisants, dît notre compagnon. « Il revint vers nous et nous mis au courant de l’évènement.Nous portâmes notre compagnon blessé, allâmes chez le Messager de Dieu et lui dîmes que nous avions tué l’ennemi de Dieu.Nous étions en désaccord en sa présence à propos du meurtre d’Ibn Abi Al-Houqayq, chacun de nous revendiquant de l’avoir fait.Le Messager de Dieu dît alors « Apportez vos épées «  et quand nous lui apportâmes il les regarda et dît «  Cette épée d’Abd Allah Ibn Ounays l’a tué.Je peux voir les marques laissées par les os dessus. »

Jabir Ibn ‘Abdoullah dit : Le Messager d’Allah ( la paix et la bénédiction d’Allah sur lui) a dit «  Qui tuera Ka’b Ibn Al-Ashraf car il a offensé Allah et son Messager ? » Muhammad Ibn Maslama (se leva et) dit «  Je le tuerai ».Ainsi Muhammad Ibn Maslama alla vers Ka’b et dit «  Je veux un prêt d’un ou deux wasqs de graines »( le wasq est unité de mesure du poids ; 1 wasq est égal à 60 sa’.Selon les hanafites , c’est équivalent à 195.69 kg ou 201.72 litres, tandis que d’autres juristes considèrent qu’il est équivalent à 130.32 kg ou 164.88 litres.Le sa’ est la quantité mesurée par quatre fois la contenance des deux mains, d’environ 2.10 livres de la nourriture la plus généralement en usage dans la région où l’on réside, telle que le blé, l’orge, les dattes, le riz , le raisin sec, le fromage etc…).Ka’b dît « Donne moi en garantie tes femmes » Muhammad Ibn Maslama dît « Comment pouvons-nous donner nos femmes en garantie, alors que tu es le plus beau des hommes parmi les Arabes ? » Il dît «  Alors donne moi tes fils en garantie ».Muhammad dît «  Comment pouvons-nous donner nos fils en garantie , vu que les gens vont les exploiter car ils ont été donnés en garantie pour un ou deux wasqs de graines ?C’est une honte pour nous.Mais nous te donnerons nos armes en garantie »Alors Muhammad Ibn Maslama lui fît la promesse qu’il irait vers lui la prochaine fois.Ils (Muhammad Ibn Maslama et ses compagnons) vinrent à lui comme promis et l’assassinèrent.Ensuite ils se rendirent chez Le Prophète ( la paix et la bénédiction d’Allah soient sur lui ) et l’en informèrent.

Jabir Ibn ‘Abdoullah a dit : Le Prophète dît «  Qui est prêt à tuer Ka’b ibn Al-Ashraf , celui qui a offensé Allah et Son Messager ? » Muhammad Ibn Maslama dît «  Ô Messager d’Allah !! Souhaites-tu que je le tue ? » Il acquiesça. Alors Muhammad Ibn Maslama se rendit chez lui (c’est-à-dire Ka’b) et dît «  Cette personne (c’est-à-dire Le Prophète) nous a confié une mission et nous a demandé l’aumône. » Ka’b répondît «  Par Allah, vous en aurez marre de lui » Muhammad lui répondît «  Nous l’avons suivi, donc nous n’aimons pas l’abandonner jusqu’à ce que voyions le terme de cette affaire » Muhammad Ibn Maslama continua à parler de cette façon jusqu’à ce qu’il eut la possibilité de le tuer.

Jabir a dit : Le Prophète a dit «  Qui est prêt à tuer Ka’b Ibn Ashraf( c’est-à-dire un Juif) » Muhammad Ibn Maslama répondît «  Aimerais-tu que je le tue ? » Le Prophète acquiesça.Muhammad ibn Maslama dît «  Alors autorise moi à dire ce que je veux » Le Prophète répliqua «  Je t’autorise ».

Jabir Ibn Abdoullah dit : Le Messager d’Allah a dit « Qui est volontaire pour tuer Ka’b Ibn Al-Ashraf , qui a insulté Allah et son Messager ? »Sur ce Muhammad Ibn Maslama se leva en disant «  Ô Messager d’Allah ! Voudrais-tu que je le tue ? » Le Prophète dît «  Oui » Muhammad ibn Maslama dît «  Alors autorise moi à dire une (fausse) chose ( c’est-à-dire pour tromper Ka’b).Le Prophète dît , «  Tu peux le dire » Alors Muhammad Ibn Maslama se rendit chez Ka’b et dît «  Cet homme (c’est-à-dire Muhammad) nous demande une Sadaqa (c’est-à-dire la Zakat ) , et il nous a causé des problèmes, et je suis venu pour t’emprunter quelque chose ».Sur ce Ka’b dît «  Par Allah, tu en auras marre de lui !! » Muhammad Ibn Maslama dît » Maintenant que nous l’avons suivi , nous ne voulons pas le quitter à moins et jusqu’à ce que nous voyons comment sera sa fin.Maintenant nous voulons que tu nous prêtes une ou deux portions de viande de chameau ». (Il existe certaines différences entre les rapporteurs du récit concernant un ou deux portions de viande de chameau) Ka’b dît «  Oui (je vous les prêterai) mais vous devriez me donner quelque chose en garantie. » Muhammad Ibn Maslama et ses compagnons dirent «  Que veux-tu ? » Ka’b répondit «  Donnez moi vos femmes en garantie » Ils dirent «  Comment pouvons-nous te donner nos femmes en garantie alors que tu le plus bel homme parmi les Arabes ? » Ka’b dît «  Alors donnez moi vos fils en garantie » , ils dirent «  Comment pouvons-nous te donner nos fils en garantie ?Plus tard les gens les exploiteront en disant qu’untel et untel a été donné en garantie contre un morceau de viande de chameau.Cela nous causerait un grand tort, mais nous allons te donner nos armes » Muhammad Ibn Maslama et ses compagnons promirent à Ka’b que Muhammad reviendrait vers lui.Il revint chez Ka’b au cours de la nuit avec le frère adoptif de Ka’b, Abou Na’ila. Ka’b les invita dans sa forteresse , et il alla les accueillir.Sa femme lui demanda «  Où vas-tu par cette heure de la nuit ? » Ka’b répondit «  Muhammad Ibn Maslama et son frère adoptif viennent d’arriver » Sa femme dît «  J’entends une voix comme s’il était accompagné de sang prêt à couler.Ka’b dît « Il s’agit uniquement de mon frère Muhammad Ibn Maslama et mon frère adoptif Abou Na’ila. Un homme généreux se doit de répondre à un appel la nuit même s’il s’agit d’une invitation à être tué ».Muhammad Ibn Maslama vint avec deux hommes.(Certains rapporteurs du récit mentionnent les personnes comme étant ‘Abou Ibn Jadr Al Harith Ibn Aous et Abbad Ibn Bishr).Alors Muhammad Ibn Maslama vint accompagné de deux hommes , et leur donna l’ordre suivant «  Lorsque Ka’b viendra, je lui toucherai et lui sentirai les cheveux , et lorsque vous verrez que j’aurai saisi sa tête, emparez-vous de lui.Je vous laisserai sentir sa tête. » Ka’b Ibn Al-Ashraf vint vers eux , emmitouflé dans ses vêtements et diffusant du parfum.Muhammad Ibn Maslama dît «  Je n’ai jamais senti meilleure fragrance que celle-ci.Ka’b répondit «  J’ai les meilleurs femmes Arabes qui savent comment utiliser le parfum de haute qualité » Muhammad Ibn Maslama demanda à Ka’b «  M’autoriseras-tu à sentir tes cheveux ? «  Ka’b dît « Oui ».Muhammad les sentit et les fit sentir à ses compagnons également.Alors il demanda encore à Ka’b «  Me laisseras-tu (sentir ta tête) ? » Ka’b dît « Oui » .Alors Muhammad le saisît fortement, et dît (à ses compagnons) «  Saisissez-le ! » Ainsi ils le tuèrent et retournèrent chez Le Prophète et l’en informèrent. (Abou Rafi’) fut tué après Ka’b Ibn Al-Ashraf »

Il a été raconté, sous l’autorité de Jabir que le Messager d’Allah (la paix et la bénédiction soient sur lui ) a dit : «  Qui tuera Ka’b Ibn Ashraf ? Il a dit du mal d’Allah l’Exalté, et de son Messager ».Muhammad Ibn Maslama dît «  Messager d’Allah , souhaites-tu que je le tue ? » Il dît « Oui » Il dît »Permets moi de prononcer des mots qui me plaisent «  Il dît «  Dis ce que tu veux » Ainsi Muhammad Ibn Maslama se rendit chez Ka’b et lui parla, faisant allusion à leur ancienne amitié et dît «  Cet homme (en faisant allusion au Prophète) a décidé de récolter des aumônes chez nous et nous a fait supporter une dure épreuve.Lorsqu’il entendit cela , Ka’b dît «  Par Allah vous rencontrerez encore plus de problèmes chez lui ».Muhammad Ibn Maslama dît « Sans aucun doute , nous sommes devenus ses partisans et nous ne voulons pas l’abandonner jusqu’à ce que nous voyions quelle tournure son cas prendra.Je souhaite que vous m’accordiez un prêt. » Il dît «  Que donnerez vous en garantie ? » Il dît «  Que veux-tu ? » Il répondit «  Donnez moi vos femmes » Il lui répondit «  Tu es le plus beau des Arabes ; allons-nous vraiment te donner nos femmes en garantie ? » Il dît «  Donnez moi vos enfants en garantie «  Il dît « L’un de nos fils pourrait abuser de nous en justifiant que nous avons été donné en garantie pour deux wasqs de dattes, mais nous pouvons donner nos armes en garantie. » Il dît : « Très bien « Ensuite Muhammad Ibn Maslama promît qu’il irait le voir avec Harith, Abou ‘Abd Ibn Jabr and Abbad Ibn Bishr. Puis ils vinrent et l’appelèrent pendant la nuit.Il vint les voir. Soufyan dît que tous les rapporteurs du récit sauf ‘Amr ont déclaré que sa femme a dit «  J’entends une voix qui semble comme la voix d’un meurtrier »Il dît «  C’est seulement Muhammad Ibn Maslama et son frère adoptif, Abou Na’ila.

Lorsqu’un gentilhomme est appelé au cours de la nuit, même si c’est pour être transpercé avec une lance, il se doit de répondre à l’appel.

Muhammad dît à ses compagnons » Lorsqu’il se baissera , je passerai mes mains en direction de sa tête et quand je le saisirai subitement , vous devrez exécuter votre devoir ».Donc lorsqu‘il s’abaissa et que l’autre tint son manteau sous son bras, ils lui dirent «  Nous sentons une très belle odeur émanant de toi » Il dît « Oui, j’ai avec moi une maîtresse qui est la plus aguerrie en fragrance parmi les femmes d’Arabie » Il dît «  Permets moi de sentir( l’odeur de ses cheveux ) » Il dît «  Oui vous pouvez sentir » .Alors il l’attrapa et sentit ses cheveux. Ensuite il dît «  Permets moi de le sentir à nouveau » Puis il saisit subitement sa tête et dît à ses compagnons «  Faites votre travail » et ils le tuèrent.

Ka’b Ibn Malik a dit :

Ils ont laissé Ka’b prostré là, (Après sa chute Al-Nadir a été transporté) Épée en main nous l’avons découpé Sur ordre de Muhammad lorsqu’il envoya secrètement la nuit, Le frère de Ka’b aller chez Ka’b. Il le séduisit et l’abattit par tromperie Mahmoud était digne de confiance, chauve.

Hassan Ibn Thabit, mentionnant le meurtre de Ka’b et de Sallam Ibn Abou’l Houqayq dît :

Quelle belle équipe tu rencontras Ô Ibnou’l Houqayq, Et toi aussi Ibnou’l-Ashraf, Voyageant de nuit avec leur épées Chauves comme des lions dans leur antre de la jungle Jusqu’à ce qu’ils vinrent chez toi dans tes quartiers Et te firent goûter la mort avec leurs épées funestes Cherchant la victoire pour la religion de leur prophète Considérant leurs vies et richesse comme négligeables.

Nous l’avons soulevé [ Ka’b , ayant été tué ] et l’avons emporté chez le Messager de Dieu à la tombée de la nuit.Il était en train de prier , alors nous l’avons salué et il vint nous voir.Nous lui dîmes que l’ennemi de Dieu avait été tué, il cracha sur la blessure de notre compagnon et nous retournâmes auprès de nos familles respectives.Le matin suivant , les Juifs étaient effrayés suite à notre attaque de l’ennemi de Dieu et il n’y avait pas un seul Juif là bas qui ne craignait pas pour sa vie.

The Killing of Ka'b b. al-Ashraf:

After the Quraysh defeat at Badr the apostle had sent Zayd b. Haritha to the lower quarter and 'Abdullah b. Rawaha to the upper quarter to tell the Muslims of Medina of God's victory and of the polytheists who had been killed. 'Abdullah b. al-Mughith b. Abu Burda al-Zafari and 'Abdullah b. Abu Bakr b. Muhammad b. 'Amr b. Hazm and 'Asim b. 'Umar b. Qatada and Salih; b. Abu Umama b. Sahl each gave me a part of the following story: Kab b. aI-Ashraf who was one of the Tayyi' of the subsection B. Nabhan whose mother was from the B. al-Nadir, when he heard the news said, 'Is this true? Did Muhammad actually kill these whom these two men mention? (i.e. Zayd and 'Abdullah b. Rawaha). These are the nobles of the Arabs and kingly men; by God, if Muhammad has slain these people 'twere better to be dead than alive.'
When the enemy of God became certain that the news was true he left the town and went to Mecca to stay with al-Muttalib b. Abu Wada'a b. Dubayra al-Sahmi who was married to 'Atika d. Abu'l-'Is b. Umayya b. 'Abdu Shams b. 'Abdu 'Manaf. She took him in and entertained him hospitably. He began to inveigh against the apostle and to recite verses in which he be wailed the Quraysh who were thrown into the pit after having been slain at Badr. He said: [poetry]
Then he composed amatory verses of an insulting nature about the Muslim women. The apostle said-according to what 'Abdullah b. al-Mughith b. Abu Burda told me--'Who will rid me of Ibnu'I-Ashraf?' Muhammad b. Maslama, brother of the B. 'Abdu'l-Ashhal, said, 'I will deal with him for you, O apostle of God, I will kill him.' He said, 'Do so if you can: So Muhammad b. Maslama returned and waited for three days without food or drink, apart from what was absolutely necessary. When the apostle was told of this he summoned him and asked him why he had given up eating and drinking. He replied that he had given him an undertaking and he did not know whether he could fulfil it. The apostle said, 'All that is incumbent upon you is that you should try: He said, 'O apostle of God, we shall have to tell lies.' He answered, 'Say what you like, for you are free in the matter.' Thereupon he and Silkan b. Salama b. Waqsh who was Abu Na'ila one of the B. 'Abdu'l-Ashhal, foster-brother of Ka'b, and 'Abbad b. Bishr b. Waqsh, and al-Harith b. Aus b. Mu'adh of the B. 'Abdu'l-Ashhal and Abu 'Abs b. Jabr of the B. Haritha conspired together and sent Silkan to the enemy of God, Ka'b b. Ashraf, before they came to him. He talked to him some time and they recited poetry one to the other, for Silkan was fond of poetry. Then he said, 'O Ibn Ashraf, I have come to you about a matter which I want to tell you of and wish you to keep secret.' 'Very well,' he replied. He went on, 'The coming of this man is a great trial to us. It has provoked the hostility of the Arabs, and they are all in league against us. The roads have become impassable so that our families are in want and privation, and we and our families are in great distress.' Ka'b answered, 'By God, I kept telling you, O Ibn Salama, that the things I warned you of would happen.' Silkan said to him, 'I want you to sell us food and we will give you a pledge of security and you deal generously in the matter.' He replied, 'Will you give me your sons as a pledge?' He said, 'You want to insult us. I have friends who share my opinion and I want to bring them to you so that you may sell to them and act generously, and we will give you enough weapons for a good pledge.' Silkan's object was that he should not take alarm at the sight of weapons when they brought them. Ka'b answered, 'Weapons are a good pledge.' Thereupon Silkan returned to his companions, told them what had happened, and ordered them to take their arms. Then they went away and assembled with him and met the apostle.

Thaur b. Zayd from 'Ikrima from Ibn 'Abbas told me the apostle walked with them as far as Baqi'u'I-Gharqad. Then he sent them off, saying, 'Go in God's name; a God help them.' So saying, he returned to his house. Now it was a moonlight night and they journeyed on until they came to his castle, and Abu Na'ila called out to him. He had only recently married, and he jumped up in the bedsheet, and his wife took hold of the end of it and said, 'You are at war, and those who are at war do not go out at this hour.' He replied, 'It is Abu Na'ila. Had he found me sleeping he would not have woken me.' She answered, 'By God, I can feel evil in his voice.' Ka'b answered 'Even if the call were for a stab a brave man must answer it.' So he went down and talked to them for some time, while they conversed with him. Then Abu Na'ila said, 'Would you like to walk with us to Shi'b al-'Ajuz, so that we can talk for the rest of the night?' 'If you like,' he answered, so they went off walking together; and after a time Abu Na'ila ran his hand through his hair. Then he smelt his hand, and said, 'I have never smelt a scent finer than this.' They walked on farther and he did the same so that Ka'b suspected no evil. Then after a space he did it for the third time, and cried, 'Smite the enemy of God!' So they smote him, and their swords clashed over him with no effect. Muhammad b. Maslama said, 'I remembered my dagger when I saw that our swords were useless, and I seized it. Meanwhile the enemy of God had made such a noise that every fort around us \vas showing a light. I thrust it into the lower part of his body, then I bore down upon it until I reached his genitals, and the enemy of God fell to the ground. Al-Harith had been hurt, being ,wounded either in his head or in his foot, one of our words having struck him. We went away, passing by the B. Umayya b. Zayd and then the B. Qurayza and then Bu'ath until we went up the Harra of aI-'Urayd.' Our friend al-Harith had lagged behind, weakened by loss of blood so we waited for him for some time until he came up, following our tracks'. We carried him and brought him to the apostle at the end of the night. We saluted him as he stood praying, and he came out to us, and we told him that we had killed God's enemy. He spat upon our comrade's wounds and both he and we returned to our families. Our attack upon God's enemy cast terror among the Jews, and there was no Jew in Medina who did not fear for his life.'

The cause of slaying him (Ka'b bin Ashraf) was that he was a poet and used to satirize the Prophet, may Allah bless him, and his Companions, and used to instigate (polytheists) against them, and offended (يوذى) them....Then they cut his head and took it with them. When they reached Baqi' al-Gharqad, they said takbir (Allah is Great). The Apostle of Allah, may Allah bless him, passed the night, offering prayers. When he heard their takbir (Allah is Great) he also recited takbir (Allah is Great). He knew that

they had killed him. When they reached the Apostle of Allah, may Allah bless him ; he said : (Your) faces be lucky. They said : Yours too ! O Apostle of Allah. They cast his head before him. He (the Prophet) praised Allah on his being slain.

The Mission of 'Amr b. Umayyah against Abu Sufyan:

The story of 'Amr b. Umayyah al-Damn, when he was sent by the Messenger of God to kill Abu Sufyan b. Harb.
When the men whom the Prophet had sent to 'Adal and al-Qarah were killed at al-Raji' and the news reached the Messenger of God, he sent 'Amr b. Umayyah al-Damn and one of the Ansar to Mecca, ordering them to kill Abu Sufyan b. Harb.
According to Ibn Humayd--Salamah b. al-Fadl--Muhammad b. Ishaq--Ja'far b. al-Fadl b. al-Hasan b. 'Amr b. Umayyah al-Damri--his father--his great-grandfather, that is 'Amr b. Umayyah, whose account is as follows: After the death of Khubayb and his companions, the Messenger of God sent me together with one of the Ansar, saying, "Go to Abu Sufyan b. Harb and kill him." I and my companion set out. I had a camel and he had not, and he had a weakness in his foot, so I carried him on my camel until we reached the valley of Ya'jaj. Then we hobbled our camel in the bottom of a ravine and climbed up. I said to my companion, "Come with me to Abu Sufyan's house, as I am going to try to kill him. You keep watch, and if a patrol comes or something alarms you, get back to your camel, mount it, return to Medina, and go to the Messenger of God and tell him what has happened. You can leave me to my own devices, because I know the town well, am bold, and have strong legs."
When we entered Mecca I had with me the like of an eagle's secondary feather--meaning his dagger--which I had ready to kill anybody who laid hold of me. My companion said to me, "Shall we make a start by circumambulating the Ka'bah seven times and praying two rak'ahs?" I said to him, "I know the people of Mecca better than you do. When it gets dark, they sprinkle their courtyards with water and sit in them; and I am better known there than a piebald horse."
But he kept on pestering me until in the end we went to the Ka'bah, circumambulated it seven times, and prayed two rak'ahs. When we came out we went past a group of men sitting together, and one of them recognized me and shouted out at the top of his voice, "That is 'Amr b. Umayyah!" The Meccans rushed after us, saying "By God, 'Amr b. Umayyah has not come here for any good purpose! By the God by whom we swear, he has never come here except for some evil purpose!' ('Amr had been a cutthroat and a desperado before accepting Islam).
They set out in pursuit of my companion and myself, and I said to him, "Let us get out of here! This is just what I was afraid of! We will never reach Abu Sufyan now, so save your own skin." We left at full speed, took to the hills, and hid in a cave, where we spent the night. In this way we gave them the slip, and they had to return without us. As we went into the cave, I concealed the entrance with stones, saying to my companion, "Let us wait here until the hue and cry has died down; they are sure to hunt for us the rest of the night and all tomorrow until the evening." I was still in the cave when, by God, 'Uthman b. Malik b. 'Ubayd Allah al-Taymi came up riding proudly on his horse. He kept coming nearer and nearer, riding proudly on his horse, until he reached the entrance to our cave. I said to my companion, "This is Ibn Malik. By God, if he sees us, he will tell everyone in Mecca about us!" So I went out and stabbed him below the breast with my dagger. He gave a shout which all the Meccans heard, and they came up to him while I went back to my hiding place, went in and said to my companion, "Stay where you are!" The Meccans hastily followed the shout, and found him on the point of death. They asked him, who had wounded him. "'Amr b. Umayyah," he replied, and died. They could not find anything to show them where we were, and merely said, "By God, we knew that he came for no good purpose." The death of their companion impeded their search for us, for they carried him away. We remained in the cave for two days until the pursuit had died down and then went out to al-Tan'im, where Khubayb's cross was. My companion said to me, "Shall we take Khubayb down from his cross?" "Where is he?" I said. "You can see him over there," he said. "Very well," I said, "but leave it to me, and keep well away from me." The cross was watched over by a guard, so I said to the Ansari, "If you are afraid of anything, make your way to your camel, mount it, go to the Messenger of God, and tell him what has happened." I went quickly to Khubayb's cross, untied him, and carried him on my back, but I had gone no more than forty paces when they spotted me. At once I threw him down, and I will never forget the sound his body made when it fell. They ran after me, and I took the path to al-Safra' and managed to throw them off. They went back, while my companion made his way to his camel, mounted it, went to the Prophet and told him what had happened to us. I proceeded on foot until I was overlooking Ghalil Dajnan. There I went into a cave with my bow and arrows. While I was in it a tall one-eyed man from the Banu al-Dil b. Bakr came in driving some sheep. He said, "Who is there?" and I said, "One of the Banu Bakr." He said, "I am from the Banu Bakr, one of the Banu al-Dil." Then he lay down next to me, and raised his voice in song:

I will not be a Muslim as long as I live,

and will not believe in the faith of the Muslims.

I said, "You will soon see!" Before long the beduin went to sleep and started snoring, and I went to him and killed him in the most dreadful way that anybody has ever killed anybody. I leant over him, stuck the end of my bow into his good eye, and thrust it down until it came out of the back of his neck. After that I rushed out like a wild beast and took to the highway like an eagle, fleeing for my life. First, I came to such and such a village, then to Rakubah, and then to al-Naqi'. At this place there were two Meccans whom Quraysh had sent to spy out how things were with the Messenger of God. I recognized them and called on them to surrender. "Shall we surrender to you?" they said; so I shot an arrow at one of them and killed him, and then called on the other to surrender. He did so and I tied him up and took him to the Messenger of God.

According to Ibn Humayd--Salamah--Ibn Islhaq--Sulayman b. Wardan--his father--'Amr b. Umayyah: When I came to Medina, I went past some shaykhs of the Ansar. "By God," they said, "that is 'Amr b. Umayyah!" Some boys heard what they were saying and rushed to the Messenger of God to tell him. I had tied my prisoner's thumbs together with my bowstring, and the Messenger of God looked at him and laughed so that his back teeth could be seen. Then he questioned me and I told him what had happened. "Well done!" he said, and prayed for me to be blessed.

The Account of the Greater Battle of Badr in the Letter of 'Urwah:

According to 'Ali b. Nasr b. 'Ali and 'Abd al-Warith b. 'Abd al-Samad b. 'Abd al-Warith--'Abd al-Samad b. 'Abd al-Warith--his father--Aban al-'Attar-Hisham b. 'Urwah: 'Urwah wrote to 'Abd al-Malik b. Marwan as follows:
You have written to me asking about Abu Sufyan and the circumstances of his expedition. Abu Sufyan b. Harb came' from Syria at the head of nearly seventy horsemen from all the clans of Quraysh. They had been trading in Syria and they all came together with their money and their merchandise. The Messenger of God and his companions were informed about them. This was after fighting had broken out between them and people had been killed, including Ibn al-Hadrami at Nakhlah, and some of Quraysh had been فaken captive, including one of the sons of al-Mughirah and their mawla, Ibn Kaysan. Those responsible were 'Abd Allah b. Jahsh and Waqid, the confederate of the Band 'Adi b. Ka'b, together with other companions of the Messenger of God whom he had sent out with 'Abd Allah b. Jahsh. This incident had provoked (a state of) war between the Messenger of God and Quraysh and was the beginning of the fighting in which they inflicted casualties upon one another; it took place before Abd Sufyan and his companions had set out for Syria.
Subsequently Abu Sufyan and the horsemen of Quraysh who were with him returned from Syria, following the coastal road. When the Messenger of God heard about them he called together his companions and told them of the wealth they had with them and the fewness of their numbers. The Muslims set out with no other object than Abu Sufyan and the horsemen with him. They did not think that these were anything but (easy) booty and did not suppose that there would be a great battle when they met them. It is concerning this that God revealed, "And ye longed that other than the armed one might be yours."

When Abd Sufyan heard that the companions of the Messenger of God were on their way to intercept him, he sent to Quraysh (saying), "Muhammad and his companions are going to intercept your caravan, so protect your merchandise." When Quraysh heard this, since all the clans of Ka'b b. Lu'ayy were represented in Abd Sufyan's caravan, the people of Mecca hastened towards it. The body of men was drawn from the clans comprised in the Banu Ka'b b. Lu'ayy but did not contain any of the clan of 'Amir, except for some of the subclan of Malik b. Hisl. Neither the Messenger of God nor his companions heard about this force from Mecca until the Prophet reached Badr, which was on the route of those horsemen of Quraysh who had taken the coastal road to Syria. Abu Sufyan then doubled back from Badr and kept to the coastal road, being afraid of an ambush at Badr.

'Umayr b. 'Adiy's Journey to Kill 'Asma' d. Marwan

She was of B. Umayya b. Zayd. When Abu 'Afak had been killed she displayed disaffection. 'Abdullah b. al-Harith b. al-Fudayl from his father said that she was married to a man of B. Khatma called Yazid b. Zayd. Blaming Islam and its followers she said:

I despise B. Malik and al-Nabit

And 'Auf and B. al-Khazraj.

You obey a stranger who is none of yours,

One not of Murad or Madhhij.

Do you expect good from him after the killing of your chiefs

Like a hungry man waiting for a cook's broth?

Is there no man of pride who would attack him by surprise

And cut off the hopes of those who expect aught from him?

Hassan b. Thabit answered her:

Banu Wa'il and B. Waqif and Khatma

Are inferior to B. al-Khazraj.

When she called for folly woe to her in her weeping,

For death is coming.

She stirred up a man of glorious origin,

Noble in his going out and his coming in.

Before midnight he dyed her in her blood

And incurred no guilt thereby.

When the apostle heard what she had said he said, 'Who will rid me of Marwan's daughter?' 'Umayr b. 'Adiy al-Khatmi who was with him heard him, and that very night he went to her house and killed her. In the morning he came to the apostle and told him what he had done and he said, 'You have helped God and His apostle, a 'Umayr!' When he asked if he would have to bear any evil consequences the apostle said, 'Two goats won't butt their heads about her,' so 'Umayr went back to his people.

Now there was a great commotion among B. Khatma that day about the affair of Bint Marwan. She had five sons, and when 'Umayr went to them from the apostle he said, 'I have killed Bint Marwan, a sons of Khatma. Withstand me if you can; don't keep me waiting.' That was the first day that Islam became powerful among B. Khatma; before that those who were Muslims concealed the fact. The first of them to accept Islam was 'Umayr b. 'Adiy who was called 'the Reader', and 'Abdullah b. Aus and Khuzayma b. Thabit. The day after Bint Marwan was killed the men of B. Khatma became Muslims because they saw the power of Islam.

Sariyyah Of `Umayr Ibn `Adi
Then (occurred) the sariyyah of `Umayr ibn `Adi Ibn Kharashah al-Khatmi against `Asma' Bint Marwan, of Banu Umayyah Ibn Zayd, when five nights had remained from the month of Ramadan, in the beginning of the nineteenth month from the hijrah of the apostle of Allah. `Asma' was the wife of Yazid Ibn Zayd Ibn Hisn al-Khatmi. She used to revile Islam, offend the prophet and instigate the (people) against him. She composed verses. Umayr Ibn Adi came to her in the night and entered her house. Her children were sleeping around her. There was one whom she was suckling. He searched her with his hand because he was blind, and separated the child from her. He thrust his sword in her chest till it pierced up to her back. Then he offered the morning prayers with the prophet at al-Medina. The apostle of Allah said to him: "Have you slain the daughter of Marwan?" He said: "Yes. Is there something more for me to do?" He [Muhammad] said: "No. Two goats will butt together about her. This was the word that was first heard from the apostle of Allah. The apostle of Allah called him `Umayr, "basir" (the seeing).

When the Messenger of God reached Tabuk, Yuhannah b. Ru'bah, governor of Aylah, came to him, made a treaty with him, and offered him the poll tax [jizyah]. The people of jarba' and Adhruh also offered him the poll tax, and the Messenger of God wrote a document for each of them which is still in their possession.
Then the Messenger of God summoned Khalid b. al-Walid and sent him to Ukaydir at Dumah. This was Ukaydir b. 'Abd al-Malik, a man from Kindah who was a king of Dumah and a Christian. The Messenger of God told Khalid that he would find him hunting wild cows. Khalid b. al-Walid rode out until he came within sight of his fort. It was a moonlit summer night and Ukaydir was on the roof terrace with his wife. The wild cows had been scratching the palace gate with their horns all night. His wife asked him if he had ever seen anything like that, and he said, "No indeed." Then she said, "Who would allow this?" He responded, "No one." He then came down and called for his horse, which was saddled. A group of men from his family , among them his brother Hassan, took their hunting spears, mounted [their horses], and rode off. On their way they encountered the Messenger of God's cavalry, and [Ukaydir] was seized and his brother Hassan was killed. Hassan was wearing a silk brocade gown woven with gold in the form of date-palm leaves. Khalid stripped him of it and sent it to the Messenger of God before his arrival.

One of Yamin's family told me that the apostle said to Yamin, 'Have you seen the way your cousin has treated me and what he proposed to do?' Thereupon Yamin gave a man money to kill 'Amr b. Jihash and he did kill him, or so they allege.

Narrated 'Abd Allah b. Unais: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) sent me to Khalid b. Sufyan al-Hudhail. This was towards 'Uranah and 'Arafat. He (the Prophet) said: Go and kill him. I saw him when the time of the afternoon prayer had come. I said: I am afraid if a fight takes place between me and him (Khalid b. Sufyan), that might delay the prayer. I proceeded walking towards him while I was praying by making a sign. When I reached near him, he said to me: Who are you ? I replied: A man from the Arabs; it came to me that you were gathering (any army) for this man (i.e. Prophet). Hence I came to you in connection with this matter. He said: I am (engaged) in this (work). I then walked along with him for a while ; when it became convenient for me, I dominated him with my sword until he became cold (dead).

Ibn Humayd--Salamah--Muhammad b. Ishaq--Muhammad b. Ja`far b. al-Zubayr--`Abdallah b. Unays: The Messenger of God called me and said, "It has reached me that Khalid b. Sufyan b. Nubayb al-Hudhali is gathering a force to attack me. He is either in Nakhlah or `Uranah, so go to him and kill him." I replied, "O Messenger of God, describe him to me so that I might know him." He said, "When you see him he will remind you of Satan. [A sure] sign between you and him is that when you see him you will feel a shudder." I went out, girding on my sword, until I came to him while he was in howdah with the women, seeking a halting place for them at the time for afternoon prayer. When I saw him I found him to be as the Messenger of God had described. I advanced toward him, but fearing that there might be acrimony between me and him which would distract me from the prayer, I prayed, making gestures with my head as I walked toward him. When I got to him he asked who I was, and I replied, "An Arab who has come to you because he has heard about you and your gathering [a force] against this fellow [i.e., Muhammad]." He said, "Yes, I am doing that." I walked a short distance with him and when it was feasible for me I struck him with my sword and killed him. Then I departed, leaving his women to throw themselves at him. When I came to the Messenger of God and greeted him, he looked at me and asked, "Is the objective accomplished?" I replied, "I have killed him." "You have said the truth," he replied. Then he stood up and went"' into his house and gave me a stick, saying, "Keep this stick with you O `Abdallah b. Unays." When I went out with it the people asked me what that stick was. I told them that the Messenger of God had given it to me and asked me to keep it with me. They told me to go back to him and ask him the reason for that. So I went back to him and said, "O Messenger of God, why did you give me this stick?" He replied, "[As a] sign between me and you on the day of resurrection. There will be a few men at that time who will carry sticks tied to their waists (al-mutakhassirun)." `Abdallah, therefore, fastened the stick to his sword, where it remained with him until his death, when he ordered that it should be fastened to his body with the shroud and buried with him.

Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Apostle sent a Sariya of ten men as spies under the leadership of 'Asim bin Thabit al-Ansari, the grandfather of 'Asim bin Umar Al-Khattab. They proceeded till they reached Hadaa, a place between 'Usfan, and Mecca, and their news reached a branch of the tribe of Hudhail called Bani Lihyan. About two-hundred men, who were all archers, hurried to follow their tracks till they found the place where they had eaten dates they had brought with them from Medina. They said, "These are the dates of Yathrib (i.e. Medina), "and continued following their tracks When 'Asim and his companions saw their pursuers, they went up a high place and the infidels circled them. The infidels said to them, "Come down and surrender, and we promise and guarantee you that we will not kill any one of you" 'Asim bin Thabit; the leader of the Sariya said, "By Allah! I will not come down to be under the protection of infidels. O Allah! Convey our news to Your Prophet. Then the infidels threw arrows at them till they martyred 'Asim along with six other men, and three men came down accepting their promise and convention, and they were Khubaib-al-Ansari and Ibn Dathina and another man So, when the infidels captured them, they undid the strings of their bows and tied them. Then the third (of the captives) said, "This is the first betrayal. By Allah! I will not go with you. No doubt these, namely the martyred, have set a good example to us." So, they dragged him and tried to compel him to accompany them, but as he refused, they killed him. They took Khubaid and Ibn Dathina with them and sold them (as slaves) in Mecca (and all that took place) after the battle of Badr. Khubaib was bought by the sons of Al-Harith bin 'Amir bin Naufal bin 'Abd Manaf. It was Khubaib who had killed Al-Harith bin 'Amir on the day (of the battle of) Badr. So, Khubaib remained a prisoner with those people.
Narrated Az-Zuhri: 'Ubaidullah bin 'Iyyad said that the daughter of Al-Harith had told him, "When those people gathered (to kill Khubaib) he borrowed a razor from me to shave his pubes and I gave it to him. Then he took a son of mine while I was unaware when he came upon him. I saw him placing my son on his thigh and the razor was in his hand. I got scared so much that Khubaib noticed the agitation on my face and said, 'Are you afraid that I will kill him? No, I will never do so.' By Allah, I never saw a prisoner better than Khubaib. By Allah, one day I saw him eating of a bunch of grapes in his hand while he was chained in irons, and there was no fruit at that time in Mecca." The daughter of Al-Harith used to say, "It was a boon Allah bestowed upon Khubaib." When they took him out of the Sanctuary (of Mecca) to kill him outside its boundaries, Khubaib requested them to let him offer two Rakat (prayer). They allowed him and he offered Two Rakat and then said, "Hadn't I been afraid that you would think that I was afraid (of being killed), I would have prolonged the prayer. O Allah, kill them all with no exception." (He then recited the poetic verse):-- "I being martyred as a Muslim, Do not mind how I am killed in Allah's Cause, For my killing is for Allah's Sake, And if Allah wishes, He will bless the amputated parts of a torn body" Then the son of Al Harith killed him. So, it was Khubaib who set the tradition for any Muslim sentenced to death in captivity, to offer a two-Rak'at prayer (before being killed). Allah fulfilled the invocation of Asim bin Thabit on that very day on which he was martyred. The Prophet informed his companions of their news and what had happened to them. Later on when some infidels from Quraish were informed that Asim had been killed, they sent some people to fetch a part of his body (i.e. his head) by which he would be recognized. (That was because) 'Asim had killed one of their chiefs on the day (of the battle) of Badr. So, a swarm of wasps, resembling a shady cloud, were sent to hover over Asim and protect him from their messenger and thus they could not cut off anything from his flesh.

According to Ibn Isliaq: Kinanah b. al-Rabi` b. Abi al-Huqayq, who had the treasure of the Band al-Nadir, was brought to the Messenger of God, who questioned him; but he denied knowing where it was. Then the Messenger of God was brought a Jew who said to him, "I have seen Kinanah walk around this ruin every morning." The Messenger of God said to Kinanah: "What do you say? If we find it in your possession, I will kill you." "All right," he answered. The Messenger of God commanded that the ruin should be dug up, and some of the treasure was extracted from it. Then he asked him for the rest of it. Kinanah refused to surrender it; so the Messenger of God gave orders concerning him to al-Zubayr b. al-'Awwam, saying, "Torture him until you root out what he has." Al-Zubayr kept twirling his firestick in his breast until Kinanah almost expired; then the Messenger of God gave him to Muhammad b. Maslamah, who beheaded him to avenge his brother Mahmud b. Maslamah.

The Rest of the Affair of Khaybar:
Kinana b. al-Rabi', who had the custody of the treasure of B. al-Nadir, was brought to the apostle who asked him about it. He denied that he knew where it was. A Jew came (T. was brought) to the apostle and said that he T. 158. had seen Kinana going round a certain ruin every morning early. When the apostle said to Kinana, 'Do you know that if we find you have it I shall kill you?' he said Yes. The apostle gave orders that the ruin was to be excavated and some of the treasure was found. When he asked him about the rest he refused to produce it, so the apostle gave orders to al-Zubayr b. al-'Awwam, 'Torture him until you extract what he has,' so he kindled a fire with flint and steel on his chest until he was nearly dead. Then the apostle delivered him to Muhammad b. Maslama and he struck off his head, in revenge for his brother Mahmud.

If it was money he wanted, they would make him the richest of them all; if it was honour, he should be their prince; if it was sovereignty, they would make him king; if it was a spirit which had got possession of him (they used to call the familiar spirit of the jinn ra'iy), then they would exhaust their means in finding medicine to cure him. The apostle replied that he had no such intention. He sought not money, nor honour, nor sovereignty, but God had sent him as an apostle, and revealed a book to him, and commanded him to become an announcer and a warner. He had brought them the messages of his Lord, and given them good advice. If they took it then they would have a portion in this world and the next; if they rejected it, he could only patiently await the issue until God decided between them, or words to that effect. 'Well, Muhammad,' they said, 'if you won't accept any of our propositions, you know that no people are more short of land and water, and live a harder life than we, so ask your Lord, who has sent you, to remove for us these mountains which shut us in, and to straighten out our country for us, and to open up in it rivers like those of Syria and Iraq, and to resurrect for us our forefathers, and let there be among those that are resurrected for us Qusayy b. Kilab, for he was a true shaikh, so that we may ask them whether what you say is true or false. If they say you are speaking the truth, and you do what we have asked you, we will believe in you, and we shall know what your position with God is, and that He has actually sent you as an apostle as you say.' He replied that he had not been sent to them with such an object. He had conveyed to them God's message, and they could either accept it with advantage, or reject it and await God's judgement. They said that if he would not do that for them, let him do something for himself. Ask God to send an angel with him to confirm what he said and to contradict them; to make him gardens and castles, and treasures of gold and silver to satisfy his obvious wants. He stood in the streets as they did, and he sought a livelihood as they did. If he could do this, they would recognize his merit and position with God, if he were an apostle as he claimed to be. He replied that he would not do it, and would not ask for such things, for he was not sent to do so, and he repeated what he had said before. They said, 'Then let the heavens be dropped on us in pieces,' as you assert that your Lord could do if He wished, for we will not believe you unless you do so.' The apostle replied that this was a matter for God; if He wanted to do it with them, He would do it. They said, 'Did not your Lord know that we would sit with you, and ask you these questions, so that He might come to you and instruct you how to answer us, and tell you what He wall going to do with us, if we did not receive your message? Information has reached us that you are taught by this fellow in al-Yamama, called al-Rahman, and by God we will never believe in the Rahman. Our conscience is clear. By God, we will not leave you and our treatment of you, until either we destroy you or you destroy us.' Some said, 'We worship the angels, who are the daughters of Allah.' Others said, 'We will not believe in you until you come to us with God and the angels as a surety."
When they said this the apostle got up and left them.

When Abu Jahl said that to them, aI-Nadir b. al-Harith b. Kalada b. 'Alqama b. Abdu Manaf b. Abdu'I-Dar b. Qusayy got up and said: 'O Quraysh, a situation has arisen which you cannot deal with. Muhammad was a young man most liked among you, most truthful in speech, and most trustworthy, until, when you saw grey hairs on his temple, and he brought you his message, you said he was a sorcerer, but he is not, for we have seen such people and their spitting and their knots; you said, a diviner, but we have seen such people and their behaviour, and we have heard their rhymes; and you said a poet, but he is not a poet, for we have heard all kinds of poetry; you said he was possessed, but he is not, for we have seen the possessed, and he shows no signs of their gasping and whispering and delirium. Ye men of Quraysh, look to your affairs, for by God, a serious thing has befallen you.' Now al-Nadr b. al-Harith was one of the satans of Quraysh; he used to insult the apostle and show him enmity. He had been to al-Hira and learnt there the tales of the kings of Persia, the tales of Rustum and Isbandiyar. When the apostle had held a meeting in which he reminded them of God, and warned his people of what had happened to bygone generations as a result of God's vengeance, al-Nadr got up when he sat down, and said, 'I can tell a better story than he, come to me.' Then he began to tell them about the kings of Persia, Rustum and Isbandiyar, and then he would say, 'In what respect is Muhammad a better story-teller than?.

Ibn 'Abbas, according to my information, used to say eight verses of the Quran came down in reference to him, 'When our verses are read to him, he says fairy tales of the ancients'; and all those passages in-the Quran in which 'fairy tales' are mentioned.
When Al-Nadr said that to them, they sent him and 'Uqba b. Abu Mu'ayt to the Jewish rabbis in Medina and said to them, 'Ask them about Muhammad; describe him to them and tell them what he says, for they are the first people of the scriptures and have knowledge which we do not possess about the prophets.' They carried out their instructions, and said to the rabbis, 'You are the people of the Taurat,' and we have come to you so that you can tell us how to deal with this tribesman of ours.' The rabbis said, 'Ask him about three things of which we will instruct you; if he gives you the right answer then he is an authentic prophet, but if he does not, then the man is a rogue, so form your own opinion about him. Ask him what happened to the young men who disappeared in ancient days, for they have a marvellous story. Ask him about the mighty traveller who reached the confines of both East and West. Ask him what the spirit is. If he can give you the answer, then follow him, for he is a prophet. If he cannot, then he is a forger and treat him as you will.' The two men returned to Quraysh at Mecca' and told them that they had. a decisive way of dealing with Muhammad, and they told them about the three questions.

They came to the apostle and called upon him to answer these questions. He said to/them, II will give you your answer tomorrow,' but he did not say, 'if God will.' So they went away; and the apostle, so they say, waited for fifteen days without a revelation from God on the matter, nor did Gabriel come to him, so that the people of Mecca began to spread evil reports, saying, 'Muhammad promised us an answer on the morrow, and today is the fifteenth day we have remained without an answer.' This delay caused the apostle great sorrow, until Gabriel brought him the Chapter of The Cave, in which he reproaches him for his sadness, and told him the answers of their questions, the youths, the mighty traveller, and the spirit.

Al-Nadr b. al-Harith b. 'Alqama b. Kalada b. 'Abdu Manaf whenever the apostle sat in an assembly and invited people to God, and recited the Quran and warned the Quraysh of what had happened to former peoples, followed him when he got up and spoke to them about Rustum the Hero and Isfandiyar and the kings of Persia, saying, 'By God, Muhammad cannot tell; better story than I and his talk is only of old fables which he has copied as I have.' So God revealed concerning him, 'And they say, Stories of the ancients which he has copied down, and they are read to him morning and night. Say, He who knows the secrets of heaven and earth has sent it down. Verily, He is merciful, forgiving.'

And there came down concerning him, 'When Our verses are read to him he says, fables of the ancients'.

And again, 'Woe to every sinful liar who hears God's verses read before him. Then he continues in pride as though he had not heard them, as though in his ears was deafness. Tell him about a painful punishment'.

Then the apostle went forward until when he came out of the pass of al-Safra' he halted on the sandhill between the pass and al-Naziya called Sayar at a tree there and divided the booty which God had granted to the Muslims equally.' Then he marched until he reached Rauha' when the Muslims met him congratulating him and the Muslims on the victory God had given him. Salama b. Salama-so 'Asim b. 'Umar b. Qatada and Yazid b. Ruman told me-said, 'What are you congratulating us about? By God, we only met some bald old women like the sacrificial camels who are hobbled, and we slaughtered them!' The apostle smiled and said, 'But, nephew, those were the chiefs'. When the apostle was in al-Safra', al-Nadr was killed by 'Ali, as a learned Meccan told me. When he was in 'Irqu'l-Zabya 'Uqba was killed. He had been captured by 'Abdullah b. Salima, one of the B. al-'Ajlan.

When the apostle ordered him to be killed 'Uqba said, 'But who will look after my children, O Muhammad?' 'Hell', he said, and 'Asim b. Thabit b. Abu'I-Aqlah al-Ansari killed him according to what Abu 'Ubayda b. Muhammad b. 'Ammar b. Yasir told me.
Abu Hind, freedman of Farwa b. 'Amr al-Bayadi, met the apostle there With a jar full of butter and dates (383). He had stayed behind from Badr but was present at all the other battles and afterwards became the apostle's cupper, The apostle said, 'Abu Hind is one of the Ansar; intermarry with him, and they did so.

The apostle arrived in Medina a day before the prisoners.

Then Quraysh sent to redeem their prisoners

Qutayla d. al-Harith, sister of al-Nadr b. al-Harith, weeping him said:

O Rider, I think you will reach Uthayl

At dawn of the fifth night if you are lucky.

Greet a dead man there for me.

Swift camels always carry news from me to :thee.

(Tell of) flowing tears running profusely or ending in a sob.

Can al-Nadir hear me when I call him,

How can a dead man hear who cannot speak?

O Muhammad, finest child of noble mother,

Whose sire a noble sire was,

'Twould not have harmed you had you spared him.

(A warrior oft spares though full of rage and anger.)

Or you could have taken a ransom,

The dearest price that could be paid.

Al-Nadr was the nearest relative you captured

With the best claim to be released.

The swords of his father's sons came down on him.

Good God, what bonds of kinship there were shattered!

Exhausted he was led to a cold-blooded death,

A prisoner in bonds, walking like a hobbled beast.

The apostle left Badr at the end of the month of Ramadan or in Shawwal.

Mus'ab replied, 'You used to speak all kinds of calumnies against the Book of God and His Prophet; you also used the persecute and harm his companions.' Al Nadr said, 'Had Quraysh taken you captive, I would have never allowed them to kill you as long as I was alive'; to which Mus'ab replied, 'By God I do not believe you; I am not like you; Islam has severed my relations with you.' Al Nadr was the captive of al Miqdad who expected to receive a great ransom from the captive's family...At this the Prophet--may God's blessing be upon him---said: 'Strike his neck. O God, give al Miqdad plenty of Your bounty instead.' Ali ibn Abu Talib executed the Prophet's order with the sword. As the party arrived at Irq al Zubyah, the Prophet ordered the execution of Uqbah ibn Abu Mu'ayt. When Uqbah pleaded, 'Who will take care of my children, O Mohammed?' Mohammed answered, 'The fire.'

Narrated Muhayyisah: The Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him) said: If you gain a victory over the men of Jews, kill them. So Muhayyisah jumped over Shubaybah, a man of the Jewish merchants. He had close relations with them. He then killed him. At that time Huwayyisah (brother of Muhayyisah) had not embraced Islam. He was older than Muhayyisah. When he killed him, Huwayyisah beat him and said: O enemy of Allah, I swear by Allah, you have a good deal of fat in your belly from his property.

The Affair of Muhayyisa and Huwayyisa:

The apostle said, 'Kill any Jew that falls into your power.' Thereupon Muhayyisa b. Mas'ud leapt upon Ibn Sunayna, a Jewish merchant with women they had social and business relations, and killed him. Huwayyisa killed him Huwayyyisa began to beat him, saying, 'You enemy of God, did you kill him when much of the fat on your belly comes form his wealth?' Muhayyisa answered, 'Had the one who ordered me to kill him ordered me to kill you I would have cut your head off.' He said that this was the beginning of Huwayyisa's acceptance of Islam. The other replied, 'By God, if Muhammad had ordered you to kill me would you have killed me?' He said, 'Yes, by God, had he ordered me to cut off your head I would have done so.' He exclaimed, 'By God, a religion which can bring you to this is marvellous!' and he became a Muslim.
I was told this story by a client of B. Haritha from the daughter of Muhayyisa from Muhayyisa himself.
Muhayyisa composed the following lines on the subject:

My mother's son blames me because if I were ordered to kill him

I would smite his nape with a sharp sword,

A blade white as salt from polishing.

My downward stroke never misses its mark.

It would not please me to kill you voluntarily

Though we owned all Arabia from north to south.

Ibn Ishaq (d. 768); Ibn Hisham (d. 833), A. Guillaume, ed, The Life of Muhammad [Sirat Rasul Allah], Oxford UP, p. 369, ISBN 0-19-636033-1, 1955, https://archive.org/details/GuillaumeATheLifeOfMuhammad/page/n1/mode/2up 
ابن إسحاق; ابن هشام, سيرة ابن هشام ت السقا, vol. 2, al-Maktabah al-Shamilah, p. 58-59, https://app.turath.io/book/23833 

Narrated 'Abdullah bin Mas'ud: Sa'd bin Mu'adh came to Mecca with the intention of performing 'Umra, and stayed at the house of Umaiya bin Khalaf Abi Safwan, for Umaiya himself used to stay at Sa'd's house when he passed by Medina on his way to Sham. Umaiya said to Sad, "Will you wait till midday when the people are (at their homes), then you may go and perform the Tawaf round the Ka'ba?" So, while Sad was going around the Ka'ba, Abu Jahl came and asked, "Who is that who is performing Tawaf?" Sad replied, "I am Sad." Abu Jahl said, "Are you circumambulating the Ka'ba safely although you have given refuge to Muhammad and his companions?" Sad said, "Yes," and they started quarreling. Umaiya said to Sad, "Don't shout at Abi-l-Hakam (i.e. Abu Jahl), for he is chief of the valley (of Mecca)." Sad then said (to Abu Jahl). 'By Allah, if you prevent me from performing the Tawaf of the Ka'ba, I will spoil your trade with Sham." Umaiya kept on saying to Sad, "Don't raise your voice." and kept on taking hold of him. Sad became furious and said, (to Umaiya), "Be away from me, for I have heard Muhammad saying that he will kill you." Umaiiya said, "Will he kill me?" Sad said, "Yes,." Umaiya said, "By Allah! When Muhammad says a thing, he never tells a lie." Umaiya went to his wife and said to her, "Do you know what my brother from Yathrib (i.e. Medina) has said to me?" She said, "What has he said?" He said, "He claims that he has heard Muhammad claiming that he will kill me." She said, By Allah! Muhammad never tells a lie." So when the infidels started to proceed for Badr (Battle) and declared war (against the Muslims), his wife said to him, "Don't you remember what your brother from Yathrib told you?" Umaiya decided not to go but Abu Jahl said to him, "You are from the nobles of the valley of Mecca), so you should accompany us for a day or two." He went with them and thus Allah got him killed.

When the apostle ordered him to be killed 'Uqba said, 'But who will look after my children, O Muhammad?' 'Hell', he said, and 'Asim b. Thabit b. Abu'I-Aqlah al-Ansari killed him according to what Abu 'Ubayda b. Muhammad b. 'Ammar b. Yasir told me.

Nubayh b. Wahb brother of B. 'Abdu'l-Dar told me that the apostle divided the prisoners amongst his companions and said, 'Treat them well.' Now Abu 'Aziz b. 'Umayr b. Hashim, brother of Mus'ab b. 'Umayr by the same mother and father, was among the prisoners and he said, 'My brother Mus'ab passed by me as one of the Ansar was binding me and he said: "Bind him fast, for his mother is a wealthy woman; perhaps she will redeem him from you." I was with a number of the Ansar when they brought me from Badr, and when they ate their morning and evening meals they gave me the bread and ate the dates themselves in accordance with the orders that the apostle had given about us. If anyone had a morsel of bread he gave it to me. I felt ashamed and returned it to one of them but he returned it to me untouched'.

It is reported about Yusayr b. Rizam, the Jew, that he was gathering Ghatafan in Khaybar to attack the Messenger of God, so the latter sent 'Abdallah b. Rawihah with a number of his companions, among whom were 'Abdallih b. Unays, an ally of the Band Salamah. When they came to him they spoke to him, made promises, treated him nicely, and said, "If you come to the Messenger of God he will give you an assignment and honor you." They continued [urging him] until he went with them, accompanied by a number of Jews. 'Abdallah b. Unays mounted him on his camel and rode behind him. When he was in al-Qargarah, about six miles from Khaybar, Yusayr b. Rizim regretted going to the Messenger of God. 'Abdallih b. Unays perceived his intention as he was getting ready to draw his sword, so he leapt at him and struck him with his sword, severing his leg. Yusayr hit him with a stick (with a crooked head) of shawاat wood which was in his hand, aiming at his head. God killed Yusayr, and each one of the Messenger of God's companions fell upon their Jewish traveling companions and killed them, except for one person who escaped on his mount. When 'Abdallah b. Unays came to the Messenger of God the Prophet spat on his head wound, and it did not' fester or hurt him.

The punishment of those who wage war against Allah and His messenger and strive to make mischief in the land is only this, that they should be murdered or crucified or their hands and their feet should be cut off on opposite sides or they should be imprisoned; this shall be as a disgrace for them in this world, and in the hereafter they shall have a grievous chastisement,

Narrated Anas bin Malik: A group of eight men from the tribe of 'Ukil came to the Prophet and then they found the climate of Medina unsuitable for them. So, they said, "O Allah's Apostle! Provide us with some milk." Allah's Apostle said, "I recommend that you should join the herd of camels." So they went and drank the urine and the milk of the camels (as a medicine) till they became healthy and fat. Then they killed the shepherd and drove away the camels, and they became unbelievers after they were Muslims. When the Prophet was informed by a shouter for help, he sent some men in their pursuit, and before the sun rose high, they were brought, and he had their hands and feet cut off. Then he ordered for nails which were heated and passed over their eyes, and whey were left in the Harra (i.e. rocky land in Medina). They asked for water, and nobody provided them with water till they died (Abu Qilaba, a sub-narrator said, "They committed murder and theft and fought against Allah and His Apostle, and spread evil in the land.")

Narrated Abu Qilaba: Once 'Umar bin 'Abdul 'Aziz sat on his throne in the courtyard of his house so that the people might gather before him. Then he admitted them and (when they came in), he said, "What do you think of Al-Qasama?" They said, "We say that it is lawful to depend on Al-Qasama in Qisas, as the previous Muslim Caliphs carried out Qisas depending on it." Then he said to me, "O Abu Qilaba! What do you say about it?" He let me appear before the people and I said, "O Chief of the Believers! You have the chiefs of the army staff and the nobles of the Arabs. If fifty of them testified that a married man had committed illegal sexual intercourse in Damascus but they had not seen him (doing so), would you stone him?" He said, "No." I said, "If fifty of them testified that a man had committed theft in Hums, would you cut off his hand though they did not see him?" He replied, "No." I said, "By Allah, Allah's Apostle never killed anyone except in one of the following three situations: (1) A person who killed somebody unjustly, was killed (in Qisas,) (2) a married person who committed illegal sexual intercourse and (3) a man who fought against Allah and His Apostle and deserted Islam and became an apostate." Then the people said, "Didn't Anas bin Malik narrate that Allah's Apostle cut off the hands of the thieves, branded their eyes and then, threw them in the sun?" I said, "I shall tell you the narration of Anas. Anas said: "Eight persons from the tribe of 'Ukl came to Allah's Apostle and gave the Pledge of allegiance for Islam (became Muslim). The climate of the place (Medina) did not suit them, so they became sick and complained about that to Allah's Apostle. He said (to them ), "Won't you go out with the shepherd of our camels and drink of the camels' milk and urine (as medicine)?" They said, "Yes." So they went out and drank the camels' milk and urine, and after they became healthy, they killed the shepherd of Allah's Apostle and took away all the camels. This news reached Allah's Apostle , so he sent (men) to follow their traces and they were captured and brought (to the Prophet). He then ordered to cut their hands and feet, and their eyes were branded with heated pieces of iron, and then he threw them in the sun till they died." I said, "What can be worse than what those people did? They deserted Islam, committed murder and theft."...

Narrated Anas: Some people from 'Uraina tribe came to Medina and its climate did not suit them, so Allah's Apostle (p.b.u.h) allowed them to go to the herd of camels (given as Zakat) and they drank their milk and urine (as medicine) but they killed the shepherd and drove away all the camels. So Allah's Apostle sent (men) in their pursuit to catch them, and they were brought, and he had their hands and feet cut, and their eyes were branded with heated pieces of iron and they were left in the Harra (a stony place at Medina) biting the stones. (See Hadith No. 234, Vol. 1)

Narrated Anas: The Prophet cut off the hands and feet of the men belonging to the tribe of 'Uraina and did not cauterise (their bleeding limbs) till they died.

Anas reported: Eight men of the tribe of 'Ukl came to Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) and swore allegiance to him on Islam, but found the climate of that land uncogenial to their health and thus they became sick, and they made complaint of that to Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him), and he said: Why don't you go to (the fold) of our camels along with our shepherd, and make use of their milk and urine. They said: Yes. They set out and drank their (camels') milk and urine and regained their health. They killed the shepherd and drove away the camels. This (news) reached Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) and he sent them on their track and they were caught and brought to him (the Holy Prophet). He commanded about them, and (thus) their hands and feet were cut off and their eyes were gouged and then they were thrown in the sun, until they died.

This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Ibn al-Sabbah with a slight variation of words.

Narrated Abdullah ibn Umar: Some people raided the camels of the Prophet (peace be upon him), drove them off, and apostatised. They killed the herdsman of the Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him) who was a believer. He (the Prophet) sent (people) in pursuit of them and they were caught. He had their hands and feet cut off, and their eyes put out. The verse regarding fighting against Allah and His Prophet (peace be upon him) was then revealed. These were the people about whom Anas ibn Malik informed al-Hajjaj when he asked him.

The tradition mentioned above has also been transmitted by the narrator Ayyub through different chain. This version has : So he (the prophet) order nails to be heated and had them blinded with them, and he had their hands and feet cut off, and did not cauterise them to stop the flow of blood.

Narrated AbuzZinad: When the Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him) cut off (the hands and feet of) those who had stolen his camels and he had their eyes put out by fire (heated nails), Allah reprimanded him on that (action), and Allah, the Exalted, revealed: "The punishment of those who wage war against Allah and His Apostle and strive with might and main for mischief through the land is execution or crucifixion."

According to al-Waqidi: The Messenger of God commanded that six men and four women should be killed. Of the men, [al-Waqidi] mentioned those whom Ibn Ishaq named. The women he mentioned were Hind bt. 'Utbah b. Rabi'ah, who became a Muslim and swore allegiance; Sarah, the mawldh of 'Amr b. Hashim b. 'Abd al-Muttalib b. 'Abd Manaf, who was killed on that day; Quraybah, who was killed on that day; and Fartana, who lived until the caliphate of 'Uthman.

The apostle of Allah entered through Adhakhir, [into Mecca], and prohibited fighting. He ordered six men and four women to be killed, they were (1) Ikrimah Ibn Abi Jahl, (2) Habbar Ibn al-Aswad, (3) Abd Allah Ibn Sa`d Ibn Abi Sarh, (4) Miqyas Ibn Sababah al-Laythi, (5) al-Huwayrith Ibn Nuqaydh, (6) Abd Abbah Ibn Hilal Ibn Khatal al-Adrami, (7) Hind Bint Utbah, (8) Sarah, the mawlat (enfranchised girl) of Amr Ibn Hashim, (9) Fartana and (10) Qaribah.

According to Ibn Humayd--Salamah--Ibn Ishaq, who said: When the Messenger of God ordered his commanders to enter Mecca, he charged them to kill no one except those who fought them; however, he gave charge concerning a group of men whom he named: he ordered that they should be killed even if they were found under the curtains of the Ka'bah. Among them was 'Abdallah b. Sa'd b. Abi Sari b. Hubayb b. Jadhimah b. Nasr b. Malik b. Hisl b. 'Amir b. Lu'ayy. The Messenger of God ordered that he should be killed only because he had become a Muslim and then had reverted to being a polytheist. He fled to 'Uthman, who was his foster-brother, and 'Uthman hid him. 'Uthman later brought him to the Messenger of God after the people of Mecca had become calm. He asked the Messenger of God to grant him a promise of safety. The Messenger of God is said to have remained silent for a long time and then to have said yes. After 'Uthman had taken him away, the Messenger of God said to his companions who were around him, "By God, I kept silent so that one of you might go up to him and cut off his head!" One of the Anger said, "Why didn't you give me a signal, Messenger of God? " He replied, "A prophet does not kill by making signs."
Also among them was 'Abdallah b. Khatal, a member of the Banu Taym b. Ghalib. The Messenger of God ordered that he should be killed only for the following reason: He was a Muslim, and the Messenger of God had sent him to collect alms, sending with him one of the Ansar. With him went a mawla of his, also a Muslim, to serve him. He halted at a resting place and commanded the mawla to slaughter him a goat and make him a meal; then he went to sleep. When he woke up, the mawla had done nothing for him; so he attacked him and killed him. Then he reverted to being a polytheist . He had two singing girls, Fartana and another with her. The two used to sing satire about the Messenger of God; so the latter commanded that the two of them should be killed along with him.

'Ubaydallah b. Said [al-Zuhri]--his uncle [Ya'qub]--Sayf [b. 'Umar]--Hisham b. Urwah--his father: The Messenger of God waged war against the false prophets by sending messengers. He sent a messenger to some of the descendants of the Persian soldiers in the Yemen (al-abna') instructing them [to get rid of] al-Aswad by artful contrivance. He [further] instructed them to seek help of some people whom he named from the Banu Tamim and Qays, sending [word] to the latter to help the former. They did [as instructed]. The means of [escape] for those who apostatized were cut off, and they were attacked [while they were] in a state of waning. Since they were isolated, they were occupied with themselves. Al-Aswad was killed while the Messenger of God was [still] alive, a day or a night before the latter's death. Tulayhah, Musaylimah and the likeness of them were driven away by the messengers.

The apostle had instructed his commanders when they entered Mecca only to fight those who resisted them, except a small number who were to be killed even if they were found beneath the curtains of the Ka'ba. Among them was 'Abdullah b. Sa'd, brother of the B. 'Amir b. Lu'ayy. The reason he ordered him to be killed was that he had been a Muslim and used to write down revelation; then he apostatized and returned to Quraysh and fled to 'Uthman b. 'Affan whose foster-brother he was; The latter hid him until he brought him to the apostle after the situation in Mecca was tranquil, and asked that he might be granted immunity. They allege that the apostle remained silent for a long time till finally he said yes. When 'Uthman had left he said to his companions who were sitting around him, 'I kept silent so that one of you might get up and strike off his head!' One of the Ansar said, 'Then why didn't you give me a sign, a apostle of God I' He answered that a prophet does not kill by pointing.

A person of al-Ansar had taken a vow to kill Ibn Abi Sarh [the already mentioned Abdallah] if he saw him. `Uthman whose foster brother he (Ibn Abi Sarh) was, came and interceded for him with the prophet. The Ansari was waiting for the signal of the prophet to kill him. `Uthman interceded and he [Muhammad] let him go. The the apostle of Allah said to the Ansari, "Why did you not fulfil your vow?" He said, "O apostle of Allah! I had my hand on the hilt of the sword waiting for your signal to kill him." The prophet said signalling would have been a breach of faith. "It does not behave the prophet to make signal."

Another was 'Abdullah b. Khatal of B. Taym b. Ghalib. He had become a Muslim and the apostle sent him to collect the poor tax in company with one of the Ansar. He had with him a freed slave who served him. (He was a Muslim.) When they halted he ordered the latter to kill a goat for him and prepare some food, and went to sleep. When he woke up the man had done nothing, so he attacked and killed him and apostatized. He had two singing-girls Fartana and her friend who used to sing satirical songs about the apostle, so he ordered that they should be killed with him.

Another was al-Huwayrith b. Nuqaydh b. Wahb b. 'Abd b. Qusayy, one of those who used to insult him in Mecca.
Another was Miqyas b. Hubaba' because he had killed an Ansari who had killed his brother accidentally, and returned to Quraysh as a polytheist. And Sara, freed slave of one of the B. 'Abdu'l-Muttalib; and 'Ikrima b. Abu Jahl. Sara had insulted him in Mecca. As for 'Ikrima, he fled to the Yarnan. His wife Umm Hakim d. al-Harith b. Hisham became a Muslim and asked immunity for him and the apostle gave it. She went to the Yaman in search of him and brought him to the apostle and he accepted Islam. (T- 'Ikrima used to relate, according to what they say, that what turned him to Islam when he had gone to the Yaman was that he had determined to cross the sea to Abyssinia and when he found a ship the master said, 'O servant of God, you cannot travel in my ship until you acknowledge that God is one and disavow any rival to Him, for I fear that if you do not do so we should perish.' When I asked if none but such persons was allowed to travel in his ship he replied, 'Yes, and he must be sincere.' So I thought: Why should I leave Muhammad when this is what he has brought us? Truly our God on the sea is our God on the dry land. Thereupon I recognized Islam and it entered into my heart.) 'Abdullah h. Khatal was killed by Said b. Hurayth al-Makhzumi and Abu Barza al-Aslami acting together. Miqyas was killed by Numayla b. 'Abdullah, one of his own people. Miqyas's sister said of his killing:

By my life, Numayla shamed his people

And distressed the winter guests when he slew miqyas.

Whoever has seen a man like Miqyas

Who provided food for young mothers in hard times.

As for Ibn Khatal's two singing-girls, .one was killed and the other ran away until the apostle, asked for immunity, gave it her. Similarly Sara, who lived until in the time of 'Umar a mounted soldier trod her down in the valley of Mecca and killed her. AI-Huwayrith was killed by 'Ali.

Also among them were 'Ikrimah b. Abi Jahl and Sarah, a mawlah of one of the sons of 'Abd al-Muttalib. She was one of those who used to molest the Messenger of God in Mecca. 'Ikrimah b. Abi Jahl fled to Yemen. His wife, Umm Hakim bt. al Harith b. Hisham, became a Muslim. She asked the Messenger of God to grant `Ikrimah a promise of safety, and he did so. She set out to find him and then brought him to the Messenger of God. `Ikrimah, as people relate, used to say that what brought him back to Islam after his departure for Yemen was-in his own words: I was about to set sail for Ethiopia. When I came to board the ship, its captain said, "Servant of God, do not board my ship until you declare God to be one and repudiate any peers to Him; for I fear that if you do not do so, we shall perish in it." So I asked, "Does no one board until he declares God to be one and repudiates all others?" "Yes," he said, "no one boards until he clears himself." So I asked: Why then should I depart from Muhammad? By God, this is the very message he brought to us: that our God on the sea is [the same as] our God on land! At that moment I came to know Islam, and it entered into my heart.

'Abdallah b. Khalal was killed by Said b. Hurayth al-Makhzumi and Abu Barzah al-Aslami: the two shared in his blood. Miqyas b. Subabah was killed by Numaylah b. 'Abdallah, a man of his own clan. The sister of Miqyas said:

By my life, Numaylah shamed his clan

and distressed winter guests by [killing] Miqyas.

How excellent it was for one to see a man like Miqyas

in times when no food was prepared even for women in childbirth!

As for Ibn Khatal's two singing girls, one was killed and the other fled. The Messenger of God later was asked to grant her a promise of safety, and he did so. [As for Sarah, he was asked to grant her a promise of safety, and he did So. She lived until someone in the time of 'Umar b. al-Khatab caused his horse to trample her at al-Abtah and killed her. Al-Huwayrith b. Nuqaydh was killed by 'Ali b. Abi Talib.

Narrated Ubaidullah bin Abdullah bin Utba: We were informed that Musailima Al-Kadhdhab had arrived in Medina and stayed in the house of the daughter of Al-Harith. The daughter of Al-Harith bin Kuraiz was his wife and she was the mother of 'Abdullah bin 'Amir. There came to him Allah's Apostle accompanied by Thabit bin Qais bin Shammas who was called the orator of Allah's Apostle. Allah's Apostle had a stick in his hand then. The Prophet stopped before Musailima and spoke to him. Musailima said to him, "If you wish, we would not interfere between you and the rule, on condition that the rule will be ours after you... The Prophet said, "If you asked me for this stick, I would not give it to you. I think you are the same person who was shown to me in a dream. And this is Thabit bin Al-Qais who will answer you on my behalf." The Prophet then went away. I asked Ibn Abbas about the dream Allah's Apostle had mentioned. Ibn Abbas said, "Someone told me that the Prophet said, "When I was sleeping, I saw in a dream that two gold bangles were put in my hands, and that frightened me and made me dislike them. Then I was allowed to blow on them, and when I blew at them, both of them flew. Then I interpreted them as two liars who would appear.' One of them was Al-'Ansi who was killed by Fairuz in Yemen and the other was Musailima Al-Kadhdbab."

Narrated Ibn Abbas: Musailama-al-Kadhdhab (i.e. the liar) came in the life-time of Allah's Apostle with many of his people (to Medina) and said, "If Muhammad makes me his successor, I will follow him." Allah's Apostle went up to him with Thabit bin Qais bin Shams; and Allah's Apostle was carrying a piece of a date-palm leaf in his hand. He stood before Musailama (and his companions) and said, "If you asked me even this piece (of a leaf), I would not give it to you. You cannot avoid the fate you are destined to, by Allah. If you reject Islam, Allah will destroy you. I think that you are most probably the same person whom I have seen in the dream." Abu Huraira told me that Allah's Apostle; said, "While I was sleeping, I saw (in a dream) two gold bracelets round my arm, and that worried me too much. Then I was instructed divinely in my dream, to blow them off and so I blew them off, and they flew away. I interpreted the two bracelets as symbols of two liars who would appear after me. And so one of them was Al-Ansi and the other was Musailama Al-Kadhdhab from Al-Yamama."

Narrated Aisha, Ummul Mu'minin: When Hind, daughter of Utbah, said: Prophet of Allah, accept my allegiance, he replied; I shall not accept your allegiance till you make a difference to the palms of your hands; for they look like the paws of a beast of prey.

According to al-Waqidi: The Messenger of God commanded that six men and four women should be killed. Of the men, [al-Waqidi] mentioned those whom Ibn Ishaq named. The women he mentioned were Hind bt. 'Utbah b. Rabi'ah, who became a Muslim and swore allegiance; Sarah, the mawldh of 'Amr b. Hashim b. 'Abd al-Muttalib b. 'Abd Manaf, who was killed on that day; Quraybah, who was killed on that day; and Fartana, who lived until the caliphate of 'Uthman.

Another was al-Huwayrith b. Nuqaydh b. Wahb b. 'Abd b. Qusayy, one of those who used to insult him in Mecca.

Another was Miqyas b. Hubaba' because he had killed an Ansari who had killed his brother accidentally, and returned to Quraysh as a polytheist. And Sara, freed slave of one of the B. 'Abdu'l-Muttalib; and 'Ikrima b. Abu Jahl. Sara had insulted him in Mecca. As for 'Ikrima, he fled to the Yarnan. His wife Umm Hakim d. al-Harith b. Hisham became a Muslim and asked immunity for him and the apostle gave it. She went to the Yaman in search of him and brought him to the apostle and he accepted Islam. (T- 'Ikrima used to relate, according to what they say, that what turned him to Islam when he had gone to the Yaman was that he had determined to cross the sea to Abyssinia and when he found a ship the master said, 'O servant of God, you cannot travel in my ship until you acknowledge that God is one and disavow any rival to Him, for I fear that if you do not do so we should perish.' When I asked if none but such persons was allowed to travel in his ship he replied, 'Yes, and he must be sincere.' So I thought: Why should I leave Muhammad when this is what he has brought us? Truly our God on the sea is our God on the dry land. Thereupon I recognized Islam and it entered into my heart.) 'Abdullah h. Khatal was killed by Said b. Hurayth al-Makhzumi and Abu Barza al-Aslami acting together. Miqyas was killed by Numayla b. 'Abdullah, one of his own people. Miqyas's sister said of his killing:

By my life, Numayla shamed his people

And distressed the winter guests when he slew miqyas.

Whoever has seen a man like Miqyas

Who provided food for young mothers in hard times.

As for Ibn Khatal's two singing-girls, .one was killed and the other ran away until the apostle, asked for immunity, gave it her. Similarly Sara, who lived until in the time of 'Umar a mounted soldier trod her down in the valley of Mecca and killed her. AI-Huwayrith was killed by 'Ali.

Narrated Anas bin Malik: Allah's Apostle entered Mecca in the year of its Conquest wearing an Arabian helmet on his head and when the Prophet took it off, a person came and said, "Ibn Khatal is holding the covering of the Ka'ba (taking refuge in the Ka'ba)." The Prophet said, "Kill him."

Anas b. Malik (Allah be pleased with them) reported that Allah's Apostle (may peace be upon him) entered Mecca in the Year of Victory with a helmet on his head; and when he took it off, a man came to him and said: Ibn Khatal is hanging on to the curtains of the Ka'ba, whereupon he said: Kill him. Malik (one of the narrators) attested this statement having been made.

Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from Anas ibn Malik that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, entered Makka, in the Year of Victory, wearing a helmet, and when he took it off a man came to him and said, "Messenger of Allah, Ibn Khatal is clinging to the covers of the Kaba," and the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Kill him."
Malik commented, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was not in ihram at the time, and Allah knows best."

"Verily the apostle of Alah ordered (his followers) on the day of the Victory to kill Ibn Abi Sarh, Fartana Ibn al-Zibr'ra and Ibn Khatal. Abu Barzah came and saw him (Ibn Khatal) holding fast the curtains of al-Kabah. He (Abu Barzah) ripped open his belly.

"The apostle of Allah entered Makkah in the year of victory and on his head there was a helmet. Then he removed it. Ma'n and Musa Ibn Dawud said in their version: A person came to him and said, "O apostle of Allah! Ibn Khatal is holding fast the curtains of al-Kabah. Thereupon the apostle of Allah said: "Kill him."
.
.
.
Kill him wherever you find him"

Another was 'Abdullah b. Khatal of B. Taym b. Ghalib. He had become a Muslim and the apostle sent him to collect the poor tax in company with one of the Ansar. He had with him a freed slave who served him. (He was a Muslim.) When they halted he ordered the latter to kill a goat for him and prepare some food, and went to sleep. When he woke up the man had done nothing, so he attacked and killed him and apostatized. He had two singing-girls Fartana and her friend who used to sing satirical songs about the apostle, so he ordered that they should be killed with him. [...]
As for Ibn Khatal's two singing-girls, .one was killed and the other ran away until the apostle, asked for immunity, gave it her. Similarly Sara, who lived until in the time of 'Umar a mounted soldier trod her down in the valley of Mecca and killed her. AI-Huwayrith was killed by 'Ali.

Another was Miqyas b. Hubaba' because he had killed an Ansari who had killed his brother accidentally, and returned to Quraysh as a polytheist. And Sara, freed slave of one of the B. 'Abdu'l-Muttalib; and 'Ikrima b. Abu Jahl. Sara had insulted him in Mecca. As for 'Ikrima, he fled to the Yarnan. His wife Umm Hakim d. al-Harith b. Hisham became a Muslim and asked immunity for him and the apostle gave it. She went to the

Yaman in search of him and brought him to the apostle and he accepted Islam. (T- 'Ikrima used to relate, according to what they say, that what turned him to Islam when he had gone to the Yaman was that he had determined to cross the sea to Abyssinia and when he found a ship the master said, 'O servant of God, you cannot travel in my ship until you acknowledge that God is one and disavow any rival to Him, for I fear that if you do not do so we should perish.' When I asked if none but such persons was allowed to travel in his ship he replied, 'Yes, and he must be sincere.' So I thought: Why should I leave Muhammad when this is what he has brought us? Truly our God on the sea is our God on the dry land. Thereupon I recognized Islam and it entered into my heart.) 'Abdullah h. Khatal was killed by Said b. Hurayth al-Makhzumi and Abu Barza al-Aslami acting together. Miqyas was killed by Numayla b. 'Abdullah, one of his own people. Miqyas's sister said of his killing:

By my life, Numayla shamed his people

And distressed the winter guests when he slew miqyas.

Whoever has seen a man like Miqyas

Who provided food for young mothers in hard times.

Ibn Ishaq (d. 768); Ibn Hisham (d. 833), A. Guillaume, ed, The Life of Muhammad [Sirat Rasul Allah], Oxford UP, p. 551, ISBN 0-19-636033-1, 1955, https://archive.org/details/GuillaumeATheLifeOfMuhammad/page/n1/mode/2up 
ابن إسحاق; ابن هشام, سيرة ابن هشام ت السقا, vol. 2, al-Maktabah al-Shamilah, pp. 410-411, https://app.turath.io/book/23833 

Miqyas b. Subaba came from Mecca as a Muslim, so he professed, saying 'I come to you as a Muslim seeking the bloodwit for my brother who we killed in error.' The apostle ordered that he should have the bloodwit for his brother Hisham and he stopped a short while with the apostle. Then he attacked his brother's slayer and killed him and went off to Mecca an apostate. He spoke the following lines:

It eased my soul that he died in the lowland,

The blood of his neck veins dyeing his garments.

Before I killed him I was beset by cares

Which prevented me from seeking my couch.

I gave free vent to my vengeance

And was the first to return to the idols.

I avenged Fihr on him and laid his bloodwit

On the chiefs of B. aI-Najjar, the lords of Fari'.

He also said:

I fetched him a stroke in vengeance

Which drew blood that ebbed and flowed.

I said as the wrinkles of death covered him

'You can't be safe from B. Bakr when they are wronged'.

Ibn Ishaq (d. 768); Ibn Hisham (d. 833), A. Guillaume, ed, The Life of Muhammad [Sirat Rasul Allah], Oxford UP, p. 492, ISBN 0-19-636033-1, 1955, https://archive.org/details/GuillaumeATheLifeOfMuhammad/page/n1/mode/2up 
ابن إسحاق; ابن هشام, سيرة ابن هشام ت السقا, vol. 2, al-Maktabah al-Shamilah, p. 293-294, https://app.turath.io/book/23833 

Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Apostle sent us in a mission (i.e. am army-unit) and said, "If you find so-and-so and so-and-so, burn both of them with fire." When we intended to depart, Allah's Apostle said, "I have ordered you to burn so-and-so and so-and-so, and it is none but Allah Who punishes with fire, so, if you find them, kill them."

Ibn Humayd--Salamah--Muhammad b. Ishaq--Muhammad b. Ja`far b. al-Zubayr--`Abdallah b. Unays: The Messenger of God called me and said, "It has reached me that Khalid b. Sufyan b. Nubayb al-Hudhali is gathering a force to attack me. He is either in Nakhlah or `Uranah, so go to him and kill him." I replied, "O Messenger of God, describe him to me so that I might know him." He said, "When you see him he will remind you of Satan. [A sure] sign between you and him is that when you see him you will feel a shudder." I went out, girding on my sword, until I came to him while he was in howdah with the women, seeking a halting place for them at the time for afternoon prayer. When I saw him I found him to be as the Messenger of God had described. I advanced toward him, but fearing that there might be acrimony between me and him which would distract me from the prayer, I prayed, making gestures with my head as I walked toward him. When I got to him he asked who I was, and I replied, "An Arab who has come to you because he has heard about you and your gathering [a force] against this fellow [i.e., Muhammad]." He said, "Yes, I am doing that." I walked a short distance with him and when it was feasible for me I struck him with my sword and killed him. Then I departed, leaving his women to throw themselves at him. When I came to the Messenger of God and greeted him, he looked at me and asked, "Is the objective accomplished?" I replied, "I have killed him." "You have said the truth," he replied. Then he stood up and went"' into his house and gave me a stick, saying, "Keep this stick with you O `Abdallah b. Unays." When I went out with it the people asked me what that stick was. I told them that the Messenger of God had given it to me and asked me to keep it with me. They told me to go back to him and ask him the reason for that. So I went back to him and said, "O Messenger of God, why did you give me this stick?" He replied, "[As a] sign between me and you on the day of resurrection. There will be a few men at that time who will carry sticks tied to their waists (al-mutakhassirun)." `Abdallah, therefore, fastened the stick to his sword, where it remained with him until his death, when he ordered that it should be fastened to his body with the shroud and buried with him.

According to Safiyyah, who said: Hassan was with us there with the women and children. A man from the Jews passed by us and began to circle the fortress. The Banu Qurayzah had gone to war and had broken their pact with the Messenger of God. There was no one between us and them to defend us-the Messenger of God and the Muslims, being face to face with the enemy, could not leave them to come back to us when anyone came at us. So I said: "Hassan, this Jew, as you see, is circling the fortress. By God, I fear he will point out our exposed places to the Jews who are to our rear while the Messenger of God and his companions are too busy to attend to us. So go down to him and kill him." He replied: "God forgive you, daughter of 'Abd al-Muttalib! You know I am not the man to do it." When he said that to me and I saw that nothing could be expected from him, I girded myself, took a club, and, having gone down from the fortress to the man, I struck him with the club until I killed him. When I had finished with him, I returned to the fortress and said: "Hassan, go down to him and strip him"-only his being a man kept me from stripping him. Hassan replied, "I have no need for his spoils, daughter of 'Abd al-Muttalib."

Abu Bair departed with the two men. When he was at Dhu al-Hulayfah, he sat against a wall, and his two companions sat with him. Abu Basir said, "Is this sword of yours sharp, O tribesman of the Banu 'Amir?" "Yes," he replied. "May I look at it?" he said. "If you wish," he replied. Abu Basir unsheathed it, attacked the man with it, and killed him. The mawla hurried away and came to the Messenger of God while the latter was sitting in the mosque. When the Messenger of God caught sight of him, he said, "This man has seen something fearful." When he reached the Messenger of God, the latter asked, "Alas, what has happened to you?" The man replied, "Your companion killed my companion." By God, while the man was still there, Abu Bair appeared girded with the sword and halted before the Messenger of God, saying: "Messenger of God, your obligation has been fulfilled and has been discharged from you.

'Amr got as far as al-Qarqara at the beginning of Qanat when two men of B. 'Amir turned up and stopped with him in the shade. Now there was an agreement of friendship between the apostle and the two 'Amiris of which 'Amr knew nothing, and when after questioning he found that they belonged to b. Amir he, let them alone for a time until they slept when he fell upon them and killed them, thinking that he had taken vengeance on them for the killing of the apostle's companions. But when he came to the apostle and told him what he had done he said. 'You have killed two men whose bloodwit I must pay.' Then the apostle said "This is (the result of) Abu Bara's act. I did not like this expedition fearing what would happen.' When Abu Bara' heard the news he was much upset at Amir's Violation of his guarantee in that the apostle's companions had been killed because of what he had done and because he had promised them safety. Among those who were killed was 'Amir b. Fuhayra.

Narrated Ali ibn AbuTalib: A Jewess used to abuse the Prophet (peace be upon him) and disparage him. A man strangled her till she died. The Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him) declared that no recompense was payable for her blood.

As the Messenger of God was proceeding across the harrah of the Banu Harithah, a horse swished its tail, hit the handle of a sword, and knocked it out of its scabbard. The Messenger of God, who liked omens, although he did not take auguries from the flight of birds, said to the owner of the sword, "Sheathe your sword, for I see that swords will be drawn today." Then the Messenger of God said to his companions, "Who can take us close to the enemy by a road which will not cause us to pass by them?" Abu Hathmah, the brother of the Banu Harithah b. al-Harith, said, "I can, O Messenger of God." He took him through the harrah of the Banu Harithah and between their property, until he brought him to the property of al-Mirba' b. Qayzi, who was a Hypocrite, and blind. When the latter became aware of the presence of the Messenger of God and the Muslims with him, he rose up and threw dust in their faces, saying, "Even if you are the Messenger of God, I will not allow you into my garden!" I was told that he took a handful of dust and then said: "If only I knew that I would not hit anyone else, Muhammad, I would throw it in your face." The people rushed up to kill him, but the Messenger of God said, "Do not do so, for this man who is blind of sight is also blind of heart." Sa'd b. Yazid, the brother of the Banu 'Abd al-Ashhal, had rushed up to al-Mirba' as the Messenger of God uttered this prohibition, and he split al-Mirba"s head open with his bow.

Narrated Abdullah Ibn Abbas: A blind man had a slave-mother who used to abuse the Prophet (peace be upon him) and disparage him. He forbade her but she did not stop. He rebuked her but she did not give up her habit. One night she began to slander the Prophet (peace be upon him) and abuse him. So he took a dagger, placed it on her belly, pressed it, and killed her. A child who came between her legs was smeared with the blood that was there. When the morning came, the Prophet (peace be upon him) was informed about it.

He assembled the people and said: I adjure by Allah the man who has done this action and I adjure him by my right to him that he should stand up. Jumping over the necks of the people and trembling the man stood up.

He sat before the Prophet (peace be upon him) and said: Apostle of Allah! I am her master; she used to abuse you and disparage you. I forbade her, but she did not stop, and I rebuked her, but she did not abandon her habit. I have two sons like pearls from her, and she was my companion. Last night she began to abuse and disparage you. So I took a dagger, put it on her belly and pressed it till I killed her.

Thereupon the Prophet (peace be upon him) said: Oh be witness, no retaliation is payable for her blood.

A blind man had a freed concubine (umm walad) who used to insult the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and say bad things about him. He told her not to do that but she did not stop, and he rebuked her but she did not heed him. One night, when she started to say bad things about the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and insult him, he took a short sword or dagger, put it on her belly and pressed it and killed her. The following morning that was mentioned to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). He called the people together and said, “I ask by Allah the man who has done this action and I order him by my right over him that he should stand up.” The blind man stood up and said, “O Messenger of Allah, I am the one who did it; she used to insult you and say bad things about you. I forbade her, but she did not stop, and I rebuked her, but she did not give up her habit. I have two sons like pearls from her, and she was kind to me. Last night she began to insult you and say bad things about you. So I took a dagger, put it on her belly and pressed it till I killed her.” Thereupon the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “Bear witness, there is no blood money due for her.”^[1]

Qubaysah ibn ‘Uqbah told us: Yoonus ibn Abi Ishaaq narrated to us, from Abu Ishaaq, that ‘Abd-Allaah ibn Ma’qil said: Ibn Umm Maktoom stayed in the house of a Jewish woman in Madeenah, the paternal aunt of an Ansaari man. She was kind to him, but she annoyed him with regard to Allaah and His Messenger, so he took hold of her and hit her and killed her. The matter was referred to the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) and he said: By Allaah, O Messenger of Allaah, she was kind to me, but she annoyed me with regard to Allaah and His Messenger, so I hit her and killed her. The Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “May Allaah cast her away. There is no recompense for the shedding of her blood."^[1]

Narrated Abu Huraira: The Prophet said, "No prayer is harder for the hypocrites than the Fajr and the 'Isha' prayers and if they knew the reward for these prayers at their respective times, they would certainly present themselves (in the mosques) even if they had to c awl." The Prophet added, "Certainly I decided to order the Mu'adh-dhin (call-maker) to pronounce Iqama and order a man to lead the prayer and then take a fire flame to burn all those who had not left their houses so far for the prayer along with their houses."

Narrated Salama bin Al-Akwa: "An infidel spy came to the Prophet while he was on a journey. The spy sat with the companions of the Prophet and started talking and then went away. The Prophet said (to his companions), 'Chase and kill him.' So, I killed him." The Prophet then gave him the belongings of the killed spy (in addition to his share of the war booty).

Narrated AbuHurayrah: A man of the tribe of Aslam came to the Prophet (peace be upon him) and testified four times against himself that he had had illicit intercourse with a woman, while all the time the Prophet (peace be upon him) was turning away from him. Then when he confessed a fifth time, he turned round and asked: Did you have intercourse with her? He replied: Yes. He asked: Have you done it so that your sexual organ penetrated hers? He replied: Yes. He asked: Have you done it like a collyrium stick when enclosed in its case and a rope in a well? He replied: Yes. He asked: Do you know what fornication is? He replied: Yes. I have done with her unlawfully what a man may lawfully do with his wife. He then asked: What do you want from what you have said? He said: I want you to purify me. So he gave orders regarding him and he was stoned to death. Then the Prophet (peace be upon him) heard one of his companions saying to another: Look at this man whose fault was concealed by Allah but who would not leave the matter alone, so that he was stoned like a dog. He said nothing to them but walked on for a time till he came to the corpse of an ass with its legs in the air. He asked: Where are so and so? They said: Here we are, Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him)! He said: Go down and eat some of this ass's corpse. They replied: Apostle of Allah! Who can eat any of this? He said: The dishonour you have just shown to your brother is more serious than eating some of it. By Him in Whose hand my soul is, he is now among the rivers of Paradise and plunging into them.

The Messenger of God said, "Whoever of the Jews falls into your hands, kill him." So Muhayyisah b. Masud fell upon Ibn Sunaynah, one of the Jewish merchants who was on close terms with them and used to trade with them, and killed him. I;Iuwayyisah b. Mas'ud (his brother) at that time had not accepted Islam; he was older than Muhayyisah, and when (the latter) killed (the Jew), he began beating him and saying, "O enemy of God, have you killed him? By God, you have much fat in your belly from his wealth." Muhayyisah said, "I said to him, 'By God, if he who commanded me to kill him had commanded me to kill you, I would have cut off your head.'" And, by God, that was the beginning of Huwayyisah's acceptance of Islam. He said, "If Muhammad had ordered you to kill me, you would have killed me?" and I replied, "Yes, by God, if he had ordered me to kill you I would have cut off your head." "By God," he said, "a faith which has brought you to this is indeed a marvel." Then Huwayyisah accepted Islam.

According to Ibn Ishaq, the conquest of the Banu Qurayzah took place in the month of Dhu al-Qa'dah or in the beginning of Dhu al-Hijjah. Al-Waqidi, however, has said that the Messenger of God attacked them a few days before the end of Dhu al-Qa'dah. He asserted that the Messenger of God commanded that furrows should be dug in the ground for the Banu Qurayzah. Then he sat down, and 'Ali and al-Zubayr began cutting off their heads in his presence. He asserts that the woman whom the Prophet killed that day was named Bunanah, the wife of al-Hakam al-Qurazi--it was she who had killed Khallad b. Suwayd by throwing a millstone on him. The Messenger of God called for her and beheaded her in retaliation for Khallad b. Suwayd.

The Messenger of God had commanded that all of them who had reached puberty should be killed.

According to Ibn Humayd--Salamah--Muhammad b. Ishaq--Ayyub b. 'Abd al-Rahman b. 'Abdallah b. Abi Sa'Sa'ah (a member of the Banu 'Adi b. al-Najjar): Salma bt. Qays, the mother of al-Mundhir and sister of Salit b. Qays, was one of the maternal aunts of the Messenger of God. She had prayed with him facing both of the giblahs and had sworn allegiance to him after the manner of women. She asked him for [the life of I Rifa'ah b. Shamwil al-Qurazi, who had come of age. He had taken refuge with her and had previously been one of their acquaintances. She said: "Prophet of God, you are as dear to me as my father and mother! Give me Rifa'ah b. Shamwil, for he has said that he will pray and eat camel meat. He gave him to her, and thus she saved his life.

According to Ibn Ishaq: Then the Messenger of God divided the wealth, wives, and children of the Banu Qurayzah among the Muslims. On that day he made known the shares of horsemen and shares of foot soldiers, and he deducted from these shares the fifth (khums). A horseman received three shares: two shares for the horse and one share for its rider. A foot soldier who had no horse received one share. The cavalry at the battle with the Banu Qurayzah numbered thirty-six horses. It was the first booty (fay') in which shares were allotted and from which the khums was deducted; and according to its precedent (sunnah) and the procedure of the Messenger of God in it divisions of booty took place and precedent was followed in [succeeding] expeditions. However, if a man had horses with him, he appointed shares only for two horses

'Asim b. 'Umar b. Qatada told me from 'Abdu'l-Rahman b. 'Amr b. Sa'd b. Mu'adh from 'Alqama b. Waqqas al-Layth that the apostle said to Sa'd, 'You have given the judgement of Allah above the seven heavens'.
Then they surrendered, and the apostle confined them in Medina in the quarter of d. al-Harith, a woman of B. al-Najjar. Then the apostle went out to the market of Medina (which is still its market today) and dug trenches in it. Then he sent for them and struck off their heads in those trenches as they were brought out to him in batches. Among them was the enemy of Allah Huyayy b. Akhtab and Ka'b b. Asad their chief. There were 600 or 700 in all, though some put the figure as high as 800 or 900. As they were being taken out in batches to the apostle they asked Ka'b what he thought would be done with them. He replied, 'Will you never understand? Don't you see that the summoner never stops and those who are taken away do not return? By Allah it is death!' This went on until the apostle made an end of them.