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Internal Rhymes as Evidence for Old Hijazi: Difference between revisions
Internal Rhymes as Evidence for Old Hijazi (view source)
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==Special Old Hijazi Internal Rhymes== | ==Special Old Hijazi Internal Rhymes== | ||
Among the internal rhymes in the Quran, there are cases that | Among the internal rhymes in the Quran, there are cases that show an unusual word choice by the Quran which clearly shows that these unusual words were chosen so that they form an internal rhyme. | ||
Q80: | Q80:42<span dir="rtl" lang="en">﴿ أُولَئِكَ هُمُ <u>الْكَفَرَةُ الْفَجَرَةُ</u>﴾</span> | ||
“Those are the disbelievers, the wicked ones” | “Those are the disbelievers, the wicked ones” | ||
Old Hijazi: hum ǝl-kafarah ǝl-fajarh | |||
Classical Arabic: humu l-kafaratu l-fajarh | Old Hijazi pronunciation: hum ǝl-kafarah ǝl-fajarh | ||
Classical Arabic pronunciation: humu l-kafaratu l-fajarh | |||
The Quran uses two words for “disbelievers”: kāfirūn/kāfirīn (used 126 times) and kuffār (used 19 times). This verse is the only time the Quran uses the word “kafarah” for “disbelievers”. The reason for this is for the word to internally rhyme with the next word: ǝl-fajarh (the wicked ones). Reading the verse in Classical Arabic ruins the rhyme between the two words and thus makes this unique choice for the word pointless: | The Quran uses two words for “disbelievers”: kāfirūn/kāfirīn (used 126 times) and kuffār (used 19 times). This verse is the only time the Quran uses the word “kafarah” for “disbelievers”. The reason for this is for the word to internally rhyme with the next word: ǝl-fajarh (the wicked ones). Reading the verse in Classical Arabic ruins the rhyme between the two words and thus makes this unique choice for the word pointless: | ||
humu l-kafaratu l-fajarh. | |||
The last word cannot be pronounced “l-fajartu” because it’s at the end of the verse and hence the ‘u’ marker for the nominative isn’t added. And since that nothing was added, the final feminine ‘h’ remains and doesn’t turn into a ‘t’. | humu l-kafaratu l-fajarh. | ||
The verse is spelled in the Quran as: hum al-kafarah al-fajarh. The classical Arabic pronunciation turns the | |||
The last word cannot be pronounced “l-fajartu” because it’s at the end of the verse and hence the ‘u’ marker for the nominative isn’t added. And since that nothing was added, the final feminine ‘h’ remains and doesn’t turn into a ‘t’. | |||
The verse is spelled in the Quran as: hum al-kafarah al-fajarh. The classical Arabic pronunciation turns the feminine ending of the word “al-kafarah” into a ‘t’. So the word should be spelled with a ‘t’ الكفرت . Yet the word in the Quran isn’t spelled with a ‘t’ in accordance with the claimed pausal spelling rule which justifies the mismatch between the spelling of the Quran and the Classical Arabic pronunciation. Note how if the verse is read the same way it’s spelled then the two words rhyme with each other. This observation applies on all Old Hijazi internal rhymes except the ones where the classical Arabic pronunciation only adds final short vowels on words that don’t end with the feminine ‘ah’. In this special case there’s no mismatch between the classical Arabic pronunciation and the spelling as short vowels cannot be spelled in Arabic. An example of this is: | |||
العليم الحكيم | العليم الحكيم | ||
ǝl-ʕalīm ǝl-ḥakīm (Old Hijazi) | ǝl-ʕalīm ǝl-ḥakīm (Old Hijazi) | ||
al-ʕalīmu l-ḥakīm (Classical Arabic) | |||
al-ʕalīmu l-ḥakīm (Classical Arabic) | al-ʕalīmu l-ḥakīm (Classical Arabic) | ||
| Line 226: | Line 236: | ||
Q21:90 | Q21:90 | ||
﴿إِنَّهُمْ كَانُوا يُسَارِعُونَ فِي الْخَيْرَاتِ وَيَدْعُونَنَا رَغَبًا وَرَهَبًا ۖ وَكَانُوا لَنَا خَاشِعِينَ﴾ | <span dir="rtl" lang="en">﴿إِنَّهُمْ كَانُوا يُسَارِعُونَ فِي الْخَيْرَاتِ وَيَدْعُونَنَا <u>رَغَبًا وَرَهَبًا</u> ۖ وَكَانُوا لَنَا خَاشِعِينَ﴾</span> | ||
Old Hijazi: raghabā wa rahabā | |||
Classical Arabic: raghaban wa rahabā | Old Hijazi: raghabā wa rahabā | ||
Classical Arabic: raghaban wa rahabā | |||
The word “raghab” wasn’t used anywhere else in the Quran. | The word “raghab” wasn’t used anywhere else in the Quran. | ||
The two words are spelled in the Quran as: raghabā wa rahabā. The classical Arabic nunation of the word “raghab” isn’t written in accordance with the claimed pausal spelling rule. Note how if the two words are read the same way they are spelled then they rhyme with each other. | The two words are spelled in the Quran as: raghabā wa rahabā. The classical Arabic nunation of the word “raghab” isn’t written (raghaban رغبن) in accordance with the claimed pausal spelling rule. Note how if the two words are read the same way they are spelled then they rhyme with each other. | ||
Q56:37 | Q56:37 | ||
﴿عُرُبًا أَتْرَابًا﴾ | Q56:37<span dir="rtl" lang="en">﴿عُرُبًا أَتْرَابًا﴾</span> | ||
OH: ʕurubā atrābā | OH: ʕurubā atrābā | ||
CA: ʕuruban ʾatrābā | |||
The word “ʕurub” wasn’t used anywhere else in the Quran. | CA: ʕuruban ʾatrābā | ||
The word “ʕurub” wasn’t used anywhere else in the Quran. | |||
Q71:27 | Q71:27 | ||
﴿وَلَا يَلِدُوا إِلَّا فَاجِرًا كَفَّارًا ﴾ | <span dir="rtl" lang="en">﴿وَلَا يَلِدُوا إِلَّا فَاجِرًا كَفَّارًا ﴾</span> | ||
OH: fājirā kaffārā | |||
CA: fājiran kaffārā | OH: fājirā kaffārā | ||
The word “fājir” wasn’t used anywhere else in the Quran. | |||
CA: fājiran kaffārā | |||
The word “fājir” wasn’t used anywhere else in the Quran. | |||
Q77:32 | Q77:32 | ||
﴿إِنَّهَا تَرْمِي بِشَرَرٍ كَالْقَصْرِ﴾ | <span dir="rtl" lang="en">﴿إِنَّهَا تَرْمِي بِشَرَرٍ كَالْقَصْرِ﴾</span> | ||
OH: bisharar kal-qaṣar | OH: bisharar kal-qaṣar | ||
CA: bishararin kal-qaṣar | CA: bishararin kal-qaṣar | ||
The word “sharar” wasn’t used anywhere else in the Quran. | The word “sharar” wasn’t used anywhere else in the Quran. | ||
Note: In the canonical readings, the final word is read “qaṣr”. But a number of non-canonical readings read it as “qaṣar” which makes it rhyme perfectly with the preceding word “sharar”. | Note: In the canonical readings, the final word is read “qaṣr”. But a number of non-canonical readings read it as “qaṣar”<ref>Muʕjam al-qirāʾāt, vol.10 p.248, 251, dar sad al-din معجم القراءات لعبد اللطيف الخطيب، دار سعد الدين </ref> which makes it rhyme perfectly with the preceding word “sharar”. The final word of the next verse "ṣufr" is non-canonically read as ṣufur.<ref>Previous source, p.251</ref> | ||
Q104:1 | Q104:1 | ||
﴿وَيْلٌ لِكُلِّ هُمَزَةٍ لُمَزَةٍ ﴾ | <span dir="rtl" lang="en">﴿وَيْلٌ لِكُلِّ هُمَزَةٍ لُمَزَةٍ ﴾</span> | ||
OH: humazah lumazah | |||
CA: humazatin lumazah | OH: humazah lumazah | ||
The word “humazah” wasn’t used anywhere else in the Quran. | |||
CA: humazatin lumazah | |||
The word “humazah” wasn’t used anywhere else in the Quran. | |||
<span dir="rtl" lang="en">﴿مِنْ شَرِّ الْوَسْوَاسِ الْخَنَّاسِ﴾ Q114:4</span> | |||
OH: min sharri l-waswās ǝl-khannās | OH: min sharri l-waswās ǝl-khannās | ||
CA: min sharri l-waswāsi l-khannās | CA: min sharri l-waswāsi l-khannās | ||
The word “waswās” wasn’t used anywhere else in the Quran. | The word “waswās” wasn’t used anywhere else in the Quran. | ||