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[[File:Praying towards the Ka'aba.JPG|right|thumb|250px|'''Top-left:''' Due to the sphericity of the earth, a prayer in any direction will point towards the sky/outer-space, not Mecca.<BR>'''Top-right:''' People who are located on the opposite 'side' of the earth would have to pray vertically down towards the center of the earth, and would also blaspheme against Allah, because they defecate toward the direction of the Ka'aba when they answer the call of nature. <BR>'''Bottom-left:''' If we use the traditional Muslim method of determining qiblah (i.e. a great circle) this would still be blasphemous because you would be simultaneously praying with your face and backside aimed towards the Ka'aba. <BR>'''Bottom-right:''' There is one point on the opposite 'side' of the earth where any | [[File:Praying towards the Ka'aba.JPG|right|thumb|250px|'''Top-left:''' Due to the sphericity of the earth, a prayer in any direction will point towards the sky/outer-space, not Mecca.<BR>'''Top-right:''' People who are located on the opposite 'side' of the earth would have to pray vertically down towards the center of the earth, and would also blaspheme against Allah, because they defecate toward the direction of the Ka'aba when they answer the call of nature. <BR>'''Bottom-left:''' If we use the traditional Muslim method of determining qiblah (i.e. a great circle) this would still be blasphemous because you would be simultaneously praying with your face and backside aimed towards the Ka'aba. <BR>'''Bottom-right:''' There is one point on the opposite 'side' of the earth where any direction for all 360 degrees would be facing 'towards' Mecca and consequently, there would be no one direction that would be the correct one.]] | ||
'''Salāh''' or '''salāt''' (صلاة) is one of the [[Five Pillars of Islam]]. It is the practice of formal [[prayers|prayer]] in [[Islam]], and is compulsory ([[fard]]) for all Muslims. It is a ritual prayer, having prescribed conditions, procedures, and times. Muslims must wash before prayer; this washing is called [[Ablution|wudu]] ("purification"). | |||
==Number of Prayers== | |||
Most of the Five Pillars are absent from the [[Qur'an]]. Thus it only mentions three daily prayers; salat al-Fajr (dawn prayer),<ref name="2 prayers">"''who believe! let those whom your right hands possess, and the (children) among you who have not come of age ask your permission (before they come to your presence), on three occasions: before morning prayer; the while ye doff your clothes for the noonday heat; and after the late-night prayer: these are your three times of undress: outside those times it is not wrong for you or for them to move about attending to each other: Thus does Allah make clear the Signs to you: for Allah is full of knowledge and wisdom. ''" - {{Quran|24|58}}</ref> salat al-Isha'a (night prayer)<ref name="2 prayers"></ref> and salat al-Wusta (the middle prayer, now al Zuhr).<ref>"''Guard strictly your (habit of) prayers, especially the Middle Prayer; and stand before Allah in a devout (frame of mind). ''" - {{Quran|2|238}}</ref> It is the [[hadith]] that put the number of daily prayers at five. | |||
===Prescribed Times=== | ===Prescribed Times=== | ||
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==Direction of Prayer== | ==Direction of Prayer== | ||
According to the Qur'an<ref>"''We have seen the turning of thy face to heaven (for guidance, O Muhammad). And now verily We shall make thee turn (in prayer) toward a qiblah which is dear to thee. So turn thy face toward the Inviolable Place of Worship, and ye (O Muslims), wheresoever ye may be, turn your faces (when ye pray) toward it...''" - {{Quran|2|144}}</ref> Muslims must pray towards the [[Kaaba|Ka'aba]] (qiblah being the direction that one has to face in order to do this). This would only be possible if the [[Flat Earth and the Quran| earth was flat]], and is just [[The Ramadan Pole Paradox|one of the problems]] which indirectly indicate that the narrator/writer of the Qur'an believed in a flat | According to the Qur'an<ref>"''We have seen the turning of thy face to heaven (for guidance, O Muhammad). And now verily We shall make thee turn (in prayer) toward a qiblah which is dear to thee. So turn thy face toward the Inviolable Place of Worship, and ye (O Muslims), wheresoever ye may be, turn your faces (when ye pray) toward it...''" - {{Quran|2|144}}</ref> Muslims must pray towards the [[Kaaba|Ka'aba]] (qiblah being the direction that one has to face in order to do this). This would only be possible if the [[Flat Earth and the Quran| earth was flat]], and is just [[The Ramadan Pole Paradox|one of the problems]] which indirectly indicate that the narrator/writer of the Qur'an believed in a flat earth model. | ||
===Problems=== | |||
====Praying from a Sphere==== | |||
Due to the sphericity of the earth, a prayer in any direction will point towards the sky/outer-space, not Mecca. | |||
====Praying from a Great Distance==== | |||
For people who are praying a great distance from Mecca, their qiblah would be somewhere down towards the ground, and the people who are located on the opposite 'side' of the earth would have to pray vertically downward towards the center of the earth. | |||
So, for example, Muslims in the Solomon Islands in fact blaspheme against Allah, because they defecate toward the direction of the Ka'aba when they answer the call of nature. | |||
====Using a Great Circle==== | |||
Even if we were to use the traditional Muslim method of determining qiblah (i.e. a [[W:Great circle|great circle]]) this would still be blasphemous because you would be simultaneously praying with your face and backside aimed towards the Ka'aba. | |||
====Praying from the Opposite Side==== | |||
There would also be one location on Earth where a Muslim could be standing at the opposite side of Earth in relation to the Ka'aba (for example if the Ka'aba was at the North Pole and the Muslim was standing on the South Pole). For this location, any direction for all 360 degrees would be facing 'towards' Mecca and consequently, there would be no one direction that would be the correct one. | |||
==Hadith== | |||
===Children=== | |||
According to Prophet [[Muhammad]], a [[children|child]] should be commanded to pray at the age of seven, and be beaten for prayer when they reach the age of ten.<ref>"''Narrated As-Saburah: The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: Command a boy to pray when he reaches the age of seven years. When he becomes ten years old, then beat him for prayer.''" - {{Abu Dawud|2|494}}</ref><ref>"''Narrated Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-'As: The Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him) said: Command your children to pray when they become seven years old, and beat them for it (prayer) when they become ten years old; and arrange their beds (to sleep) separately.''" - {{Abu Dawud|2|495}}</ref> | |||
==== | This has often resulted in the abuse of children by Muslim parents, guardians and teachers for not praying/reciting the Qur'an. For example, in Muslim-majority countries like [[Bangladesh]]<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-17938519|title= Bangladesh teacher 'burns' legs of girl pupils|publisher= BBC News|author= Anbarasan Ethirajan|date= May 3, 2012 |archiveurl= http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-asia-17938519&date=2013-08-26|deadurl=no}}</ref> and [[Saudi Arabia]],<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.emirates247.com/crime/region/5-year-old-student-lashed-by-teacher-2012-05-03-1.457038|title= 5-year-old student lashed by teacher|publisher= Emirates 24/7|author= |date= May 3, 2012|archiveurl= http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.emirates247.com%2Fcrime%2Fregion%2F5-year-old-student-lashed-by-teacher-2012-05-03-1.457038&date=2013-08-26|deadurl=no}}</ref> and even in non-Muslim countries like the [[United Kingdom]],<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/education-15256764|title= Child abuse claims at UK madrassas 'tip of iceberg'|publisher= BBC News|author= Fran Abrams|date= October 18, 2011|archiveurl= http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/education-15256764&date=2011-10-18|deadurl=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://zeenews.india.com/news/world/uk-muslim-beat-girl-for-not-reading-enough-quran-jailed_782125.html|title= UK: Muslim beat girl for not reading enough Quran, jailed|publisher= ZeeNews|author= |date= June 16, 2012|archiveurl= http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fzeenews.india.com%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fuk-muslim-beat-girl-for-not-reading-enough-quran-jailed_782125.html&date=2013-08-26|deadurl=no}}</ref> [[Italy]]<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.ansa.it/web/notizie/rubriche/english/2012/03/30/visualizza_new.html_158869129.html|title= Supreme court sentences non-Italian father for child abuse|publisher= ANSA|author= |date= March 30, 2012|archiveurl= http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ansa.it%2Fweb%2Fnotizie%2Frubriche%2Fenglish%2F2012%2F03%2F30%2Fvisualizza_new.html_158869129.html&date=2013-08-26|deadurl=no}}</ref> and [[Canada]] where a 13-year-old girl was killed by her father for not praying.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.montrealgazette.com/life/Longueuil+girl+dies+after+father+slapped/3653632/story.html |title= Longueuil girl, 13 dies after father slapped her|publisher= The Montreal Gazette |author= René Bruemmer|date= October 11, 2010|archiveurl= http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20101015025541%2Fhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.montrealgazette.com%2Flife%2FLongueuil%2Bgirl%2Bdies%2Bafter%2Bfather%2Bslapped%2F3653632%2Fstory.html&date=2013-08-26|deadurl=yes}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2010/10/11/Slapped-teen-girl-dies-post-coma/UPI-43371286832521/|title= Slapped teen girl dies post coma|publisher= UPI|author= |date= October 11, 2010|archiveurl= http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.upi.com%2FTop_News%2FWorld-News%2F2010%2F10%2F11%2FSlapped-teen-girl-dies-post-coma%2FUPI-43371286832521%2F&date=2013-08-26|deadurl=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.vancouversun.com/news/Girl+dies+after+being+slapped+father+faces+charges/3654887/story.html|title= Girl, 13, dies after being slapped; father faces charges|publisher= The Vancouver Sun|author= René Bruemmer & Max Harrold|date= October 11, 2010|archiveurl= http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20101017124547%2Fhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.vancouversun.com%2Fnews%2FGirl%2Bdies%2Bafter%2Bbeing%2Bslapped%2Bfather%2Bfaces%2Bcharges%2F3654887%2Fstory.html&date=2013-08-26|deadurl=yes}}</ref> | ||
===Missing Prayers=== | ===Missing Prayers=== | ||