Na pravou míru: Nezázrak islámské vědy: Difference between revisions

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První plně mechanické hodiny (poháněné vodou) byly postavěny Liang Ling-Can, v Číně roku 724.<ref>[{{Reference archive|1=http://www.thocp.net/timeline/0469.htm|2=2011-04-18}} The Prehistoric Era: 469 BC - 1300 AD] - The History of Computing Project, accessed April 18, 2011</ref><ref>[{{Reference archive|1=http://web.archive.org/web/20030908211617/http://www.labyrinth.net.au/~saul/history/time.html|2=2011-04-18}} Time Bandit…a brief history of time] - Labyrinth, accessed April 18, 2011</ref> Dle některých, první hodiny založené na váze vynalezl Pacificus, arcijáhen z Verony, v devátém století.<ref>[{{Reference archive|1=http://web.archive.org/web/20051124113730/http://www.bartleby.com/65/cl/clock.html|2=2011-04-18}} Clock] - The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition.  2001-05.</ref>
První plně mechanické hodiny (poháněné vodou) byly postavěny Liang Ling-Can, v Číně roku 724.<ref>[{{Reference archive|1=http://www.thocp.net/timeline/0469.htm|2=2011-04-18}} The Prehistoric Era: 469 BC - 1300 AD] - The History of Computing Project, accessed April 18, 2011</ref><ref>[{{Reference archive|1=http://web.archive.org/web/20030908211617/http://www.labyrinth.net.au/~saul/history/time.html|2=2011-04-18}} Time Bandit…a brief history of time] - Labyrinth, accessed April 18, 2011</ref> Dle některých, první hodiny založené na váze vynalezl Pacificus, arcijáhen z Verony, v devátém století.<ref>[{{Reference archive|1=http://web.archive.org/web/20051124113730/http://www.bartleby.com/65/cl/clock.html|2=2011-04-18}} Clock] - The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition.  2001-05.</ref>


===Pendulum===
===Kyvadlo===


{{Quote||'''Co je učeno:''' In the 17th century, the pendulum was developed by Galileo during his teenage years. He noticed a chandelier swaying as it was being blown by the wind. As a result, he went home and invented the pendulum.<BR><BR>'''Co by se mělo učit:''' The pendulum was discovered by Ibn Yunus al-Masri during the 10th century, who was the first to study and document its oscillatory motion. Its value for use in clocks was introduced by Muslim physicists during the 15th century.<ref name="Dr K. Ajram"></ref>}}
{{Quote||'''Co je učeno:''' V 17. století, bylo kyvadlo vynalezeno Galileem v jeho mládí. Všiml si jak se lustr houpe, když zafouká vítr. Nakonec přišel domů a vynalezl kyvadlo.<BR><BR>'''Co by se mělo učit:''' Kyvadlo vynalezl Ibn Yunus al-Masri během desátého století, který byl prvním, kdo studoval a dokumentoval jeho kmitavý pohyb. Jeho hodnota pro použití v hodinách byla uvedena muslimskými fyziky během 15 století.<ref name="Dr K. Ajram"></ref>}}


The Romans were aware of pendulums as they used pendulums for scrying, and their methods were detailed in the writings of Roman historian Ammianus Marcellinus.<ref>[{{Reference archive|1=http://www.paralumun.com/pendulum.htm|2=2011-04-18}} Pendulum Scrying] - Paralumun, New Age Village, accessed April 18, 2011</ref> The first authenticated pendulum clock was built by Christian Huygens in 1657 although Galileo had thought about it around 1602. Some people think that Gerbert of Aurillac (c.945 - 1003 AD) who later became Pope Sylvester II invented the pendulum clock around 996 AD.<ref>[{{Reference archive|1=http://www.catholic-forum.com/saints/pope0140.htm|2=2011-04-18}} Pope Silvester II] - Saint Joseph Software, accessed April 18, 2011</ref>
Římané věděli o kyvadlech, jelikož je používali pro věštění a jejich metody byly popsány ve spisech římského historika Ammianus Marcellinus.<ref>[{{Reference archive|1=http://www.paralumun.com/pendulum.htm|2=2011-04-18}} Pendulum Scrying] - Paralumun, New Age Village, accessed April 18, 2011</ref> První ověřené kyvadlové hodiny postavil Christian Huygens roku 1657 přestože Galileo o tom přemýšlel již kolem roku 1602. Někteří si myslí, že Gerbert z Aurillac (c.945 - 1003 n. l.), který se později stal Pope Sylvester II vynalezl kyvadlové hodiny kolem roku 996.<ref>[{{Reference archive|1=http://www.catholic-forum.com/saints/pope0140.htm|2=2011-04-18}} Pope Silvester II] - Saint Joseph Software, accessed April 18, 2011</ref>


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