Na pravou míru: Nezázrak islámské vědy: Difference between revisions

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Na pravou míru: Nezázrak islámské vědy (view source)

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The Ancient Egyptians were quite advanced in surgical medicine. The Edwin Smith Papyrus describing surgical diagnosis and treatments, the Ebers Papyrus on ophthalmology, diseases of the digestive system, the head, the skin and specific diseases like abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), which some think may be a precursor of AIDS. As early as 3,000 BC evidence of brain surgery is found in papyrus writings in Egypt. "Brain," the actual word itself, is used here for the first time in any language (Edwin Smith Papyrus).<ref name="Egypt"></ref>
The Ancient Egyptians were quite advanced in surgical medicine. The Edwin Smith Papyrus describing surgical diagnosis and treatments, the Ebers Papyrus on ophthalmology, diseases of the digestive system, the head, the skin and specific diseases like abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), which some think may be a precursor of AIDS. As early as 3,000 BC evidence of brain surgery is found in papyrus writings in Egypt. "Brain," the actual word itself, is used here for the first time in any language (Edwin Smith Papyrus).<ref name="Egypt"></ref>


===Blood Circulation===
===Krevní oběh===


{{Quote||'''Co je učeno:''' William Harvey, during the early 17th century, discovered that blood circulates. He was the first to correctly describe the function of the heart, arteries and veins. Rome's Galen had presented erroneous ideas regarding the circulatory system, and Harvey was the first to determine that blood is pumped throughout the body via the action of the heart and the venous valves. Therefore, he is regarded as the founder of human physiology.<BR><BR>'''Co by se mělo učit:''' In the 10th century, Islam's ar-Razi wrote an in-depth treatise on the venous system, accurately describing the function of the veins and their valves. Ibn an-Nafs and Ibn al-Quff (13th century) provided full documentation that the blood circulates and correctly described the physiology of the heart and the function of its valves 300 years before Harvey. William Harvey was a graduate of Italy's famous Padua University at a time when the majority of its curriculum was based upon Ibn Sina's and ar-Razi's textbooks.<ref name="Dr K. Ajram"></ref>}}
{{Quote||'''Co je učeno:''' William Harvey, během začátku 17. století objevil, že krev obíhá. Byl prvním, kdo korektně popsal funkci srdce, tepen a žil. Římský Galen prezentoval chybné myšlenky ohledně oběhového systému a Harvey byl prvním, kdo určil, že krev je pumpována skrz tělo pomocí činnosti srdce a žilních chlopní. Proto je považován za zakladatele lidské fyziologie.<BR><BR>'''Co by se mělo učit:''' V 10. století, islámský ar-Razi napsal hluboké pojednání o systému žil, přesně popisující funkci žil a jejich chlopní. Ibn an-Nafs a Ibn al-Quff (13. století) poskytly kompletní dokumentaci, popisující jak krev cirkuluje a správně popsali fyziologii srdce a funkci jeho chlopní 300 let dřív než Harvey. William Harvey byl absolventem italské známé Padua univerzity v době, kdy většina jejích osnov byla založena na učebnicích od Ibn Sina a ar-Razi.<ref name="Dr K. Ajram"></ref>}}


Blood circulation appears discussed in full and complex form in The Yellow Emperor's Manual of Corporeal Medicine in China by the 2<sup>nd</sup> century BC.<ref name="China"></ref>
Krevní oběh je zřejmě diskutován kompletně a detailně v The Yellow Emperor's Manual of Corporeal Medicine v Číně ve druhém století př. n. l.<ref name="China"></ref>


===Pharmacopeia===
===Pharmacopeia===
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