Jak islámští vynálezci nezměnili svět: Difference between revisions

První známy koberec byl objeven ruským profesorem Rudenko roku 1949 běhe vykopávek of burial mounds in the Altai Mountains in Siberia. Called the Pazyryk rug,<ref>Karen S. Rubinson, [{{Reference archive|1=http://www.transoxiana.org/Eran/Articles/rubinson_abs.html|2=2011-02-10}} "Animal Style" Art & the Image of the Horse and Rider], The Circle of Ancient Iranian Studies, July 24, 2004</ref><ref>"[{{Reference archive|1=http://www.carpetencyclopedia.com/pages/History-184.html|2=2011-02-10}} History]", The Carpet Encyclopedia</ref> it dates from the fifth century BC<ref>Haider, R., ''Carpet that Captive''</ref> and is now kept in the Hermitage museum of St. Petersburg.<ref>Collection Highlights, [http://www.hermitagemuseum.org/html_En/03/hm3_2_7d.html Pile Carpet (fragment)], The State Hermitage Museum</ref> It was preserved from decay, due to water seeping into the burial mound and freezing.<ref>Tony Sidney, [{{Reference archive|1=http://www.collectibles-articles.com/Article/History-of-the-Pazaryk-Rug/117|2=2011-02-10}} History of the Pazaryk Rug], Collectibles-Articles.com</ref> The advanced weaving technique used in the Pazyryk carpet indicates a long history of evolution and experience in this art. Most experts believe that the Pazyryk carpet is a late achievement of at least one thousand years of technique evolution and history. Evidence suggests that some forms of rug-weaving were used in Egypt, Mesopotamia, and the Middle East and Asia about 4,000 years ago. Therefore, the carpet is a pre-Islamic invention.  

What of the West and the flooring being referred to by Paul Vallely? The Colosseum in Rome which was completed in 80 AD had wooden (not earthy) flooring. In fact, the typical Roman home as early as the 2^nd century BC had mosaic flooring, as found in the "House of the Tragic Poet" in Pompeii, Italy.<ref name="The Roman House">[{{Reference archive|1=http://abacus.bates.edu/~mimber/Rciv/house.htm|2=2011-02-10}} Roman Civilization: CMS 206 /History 206 The Roman House], Bates College</ref>; <ref>Faculty of Arts & Letters, [{{Reference archive|1=http://wings.buffalo.edu/AandL/Maecenas/italy_except_rome_and_sicily/pompeii/thumbnails_contents.html|2=2011-02-10}} Images of Pompeii], The University at Buffalo, The State University of New York</ref> The Romans also made use of rugs on the floors and the walls of their palaces. In 47 BC when the Egyptians banished Queen Cleopatra from Egypt, replacing her with her brother, she had herself delivered to the Roman Emperor Julius Caesar, smuggled inside a rolled up carpet. Their love for carpets was so great that many considered them to be more valuable than money and they even used them to pay their taxes.<ref>Sharon J. Huntington, "[{{Reference archive|1=http://www.csmonitor.com/2004/0518/p18s02-hfks.html|2=2011-02-10}} A not-so-boring history of flooring]", The Christian Science Monitor, May 18, 2004</ref>