Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Animals: Difference between revisions

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{{QualityScore|Lead=4|Structure=2|Content=2|Language=4|References=3}}
{{QuranHadithScholarsIndex}}
{{QuranHadithScholarsIndex}}
The Islamic tradition has much to say on different animals. Perhaps most strikingly, the hadith provide the remarkable story of the buraq, a flying creature which took Muhammad on a tour of the [[al-masjid al-aqsa]] as well as the [[jannah|heavens]]. Outside of the [[buraq]], the tradition presents [[Muhammad]] and the [[sahabah]] as having strong opinions on different animals. Above all the tradition shows a great antipathy towards dogs, who will keep angels from entering the house of those who possess them. Their killing is condoned, along with some other "troublesome" animals such as mice, scorpions, geckos and snakes. In addition, only some animals may be killed and eaten by the believers, including cows, goats, and sheep. While animals that aren't allowed to be eaten include carnivores with fangs such as dogs, cats and lions. Birds with talons are also not allowed to be eaten such as falcons. 
==Hadith==
==Hadith==
===Buraq===
===Buraq===
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{{Quote|{{Abu Dawud|16|2851}}|Narrated Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-'As: There was a bedouin called AbuTha'labah. He said: Apostle of Allah, I have trained dogs, so tell me your opinion about (eating) the animal they hunt. The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: If you have trained dogs, then eat what they catch for you. He asked: Whether it is slaughtered or not? He replied: Yes. He asked: Does it apply even if it eats any of it? He replied: Even if it eats any of it. He again asked: Apostle of Allah, tell me your opinion about my bow (i.e. the game hunted by arrow). He said: Eat what your bow returns to you, whether it is slaughtered or not. He asked: If it goes out of my sight? He replied: Even if it goes out of your sight, provided it has no stench, or you find a mark on it other than the mark of your arrow. He asked: Tell me about the use of the vessels of the Magians when we are forced to use them. He replied: Wash them and eat in them.|See also: {{Abu Dawud|16|2845}}, {{Abu Dawud|16|2846}}, {{Abu Dawud|16|2850}}, and {{Muwatta|25|1|4|}}}}
{{Quote|{{Abu Dawud|16|2851}}|Narrated Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-'As: There was a bedouin called AbuTha'labah. He said: Apostle of Allah, I have trained dogs, so tell me your opinion about (eating) the animal they hunt. The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: If you have trained dogs, then eat what they catch for you. He asked: Whether it is slaughtered or not? He replied: Yes. He asked: Does it apply even if it eats any of it? He replied: Even if it eats any of it. He again asked: Apostle of Allah, tell me your opinion about my bow (i.e. the game hunted by arrow). He said: Eat what your bow returns to you, whether it is slaughtered or not. He asked: If it goes out of my sight? He replied: Even if it goes out of your sight, provided it has no stench, or you find a mark on it other than the mark of your arrow. He asked: Tell me about the use of the vessels of the Magians when we are forced to use them. He replied: Wash them and eat in them.|See also: {{Abu Dawud|16|2845}}, {{Abu Dawud|16|2846}}, {{Abu Dawud|16|2850}}, and {{Muwatta|25|1|4|}}}}


{{Quote|{{Muwatta|25|2|7|}}|Yahya related to me from Malik that he had heard that Sad ibn Abi Waqqas had said, when asked about a trained dog killing game, "Eat, even if only one piece of it remains."|See also: {{Muwatta|25|2|5a}}}}
{{Quote|{{Muwatta|25|2|7|}}|Yahya related to me from Malik that he had heard that Sad ibn Abi Waqqas had said, when asked about a trained dog killing game, "Eat, even if only one piece of it remains."|See also: {{Muwatta|25|2|5}}}}


====Angels do not like Dogs====
====Angels do not like Dogs====
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{{Quote|{{Muslim|24|5248}}|Maimuna reported that one morning Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) was silent with grief. Maimuna said: Allah's Messenger, I find a change in your mood today. Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) said: Gabriel had promised me that he would meet me tonight, but he did not meet me. By Allah, he never broke his promises, and Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) spent the day in this sad (mood). Then it occurred to him that there had been a puppy under their cot. He commanded and it was turned out. He then took some water in his hand and sprinkled it at that place. When it was evening Gabriel met him and he said to him: you promised me that you would meet me the previous night. He said: Yes, but we do not enter a house in which there is a dog or a picture.''' Then on that very morning he commanded the killing of the dogs until he announced that the dog kept for the orchards should also be killed, but he spared the dog meant for the protection of extensive fields (or big gardens)'''.}}
{{Quote|{{Muslim|24|5248}}|Maimuna reported that one morning Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) was silent with grief. Maimuna said: Allah's Messenger, I find a change in your mood today. Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) said: Gabriel had promised me that he would meet me tonight, but he did not meet me. By Allah, he never broke his promises, and Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) spent the day in this sad (mood). Then it occurred to him that there had been a puppy under their cot. He commanded and it was turned out. He then took some water in his hand and sprinkled it at that place. When it was evening Gabriel met him and he said to him: you promised me that you would meet me the previous night. He said: Yes, but we do not enter a house in which there is a dog or a picture.''' Then on that very morning he commanded the killing of the dogs until he announced that the dog kept for the orchards should also be killed, but he spared the dog meant for the protection of extensive fields (or big gardens)'''.}}


{{Quote|{{Muslim|16|2840}}|Narrated Jabir ibn Abdullah: The Prophet of Allah (peace be upon him) ordered to kill dogs, and we were even killing a dog which a woman brought with her from the desert. Afterwards he forbade to kill them, saying: Confine yourselves to the type which is black.}}
{{Quote|{{Abu Dawud|16|2840}}|The Prophet of Allah (ﷺ) ordered to kill dogs, and we were even killing a dog which a woman brought with her from the desert. Afterwards he forbade to kill them, saying: Confine yourselves to the type which is black.


{{Quote|{{Muslim|16|2839}}|Narrated Abdullah ibn Mughaffal: The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: '''Were dogs not a species of creature I should command that they all be killed;''' but kill every pure black one.}}
}}
 
{{Quote|{{Abu Dawud|16|2839}}|Narrated Abdullah ibn Mughaffal: The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: '''Were dogs not a species of creature I should command that they all be killed;''' but kill every pure black one.}}


{{Quote|{{Muslim|10|3811}}|Abdullah (b. Umar) (Allah be pleased with them) reported: '''Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) ordered the killing of dogs''' and we would send (men) in Medina and its corners and '''we did not spare any dog that we did not kill''', so much so that we killed the dog that accompanied the wet she-camel belonging to the people of the desert.}}
{{Quote|{{Muslim|10|3811}}|Abdullah (b. Umar) (Allah be pleased with them) reported: '''Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) ordered the killing of dogs''' and we would send (men) in Medina and its corners and '''we did not spare any dog that we did not kill''', so much so that we killed the dog that accompanied the wet she-camel belonging to the people of the desert.}}
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{{Quote|{{Bukhari|3|29|57}}|Narrated 'Aisha the wife of the Prophet: Allah's Apostle called the salamander a bad animal, but I did not hear him ordering it to be killed."}}
{{Quote|{{Bukhari|3|29|57}}|Narrated 'Aisha the wife of the Prophet: Allah's Apostle called the salamander a bad animal, but I did not hear him ordering it to be killed."}}
{{Quote|Sunan Ibn Maajah, No. 3222. He said in al-Zawaa’id, the isnaad of ‘Aa’ishah’s hadeeth is saheeh, its men are thiqaat (trustworthy)|Saa’ibah the slave woman of al-Faakih ibn al-Mugheerah [said] that she entered upon ‘Aa’ishah and saw a spear sitting there in her house. She said, “O Mother of the Believers, what do you do with this?” She said, “We kill these salamanders with it, because the Prophet of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) told us that when Ibraaheem was thrown into the fire, there was no animal on earth but it tried to extinguish the fire, except for the salamander, which was blowing on the fire (to keep it burning). So the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) commanded that they should be killed.”<ref>[http://www.islam-qa.com/en/ref/13821/Mischief Killing salamanders by hand] - Sheikh Muhammed Salih Al-Munajjid, Islam Q&A, Fatwa No. 13821</ref>}}


{{Quote|{{Bukhari|4|54|525}}|Narrated Aisha: The Prophet called the Salamander, a mischief-doer. I have not heard him ordering that it should be killed. Sad bin Waqqas claims that the Prophet ordered that it should be killed.}}
{{Quote|{{Bukhari|4|54|525}}|Narrated Aisha: The Prophet called the Salamander, a mischief-doer. I have not heard him ordering that it should be killed. Sad bin Waqqas claims that the Prophet ordered that it should be killed.}}
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{{Quote|{{Muslim|23|4994}}|This hadith has been reported on the authority of Jabir through another chain of transmitters but with a slight variation of words:" The mouse may set the house on fire over its inhabitants."}}  
{{Quote|{{Muslim|23|4994}}|This hadith has been reported on the authority of Jabir through another chain of transmitters but with a slight variation of words:" The mouse may set the house on fire over its inhabitants."}}  


{{Quote|{{Muwatta|49|49|10|21}}|Yahya related to me from Malik from Abu'z-Zubayr al-Makki from Jabir ibn Abdullah that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Lock the door, tie the waterskin, turn the vessel over or cover it, and put out the lamp. Shaytan does not open a locked door or untie a tied knot, or uncover a vessel. A mouse may set fire to people's houses about them."}}
{{Quote|{{Muwatta|49|49|10|21}}|It was related to me by Malik from Abu'z-Zubayr al-Makki from Jabir ibn Abdullah that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Lock the door, tie the waterskin, turn the vessel over or cover it, and put out the lamp. Shaytan does not open a locked door or untie a tied knot, or uncover a vessel. A mouse may set fire to people's houses about them."}}


===Geckos===
===Geckos===


{{Quote|{{cite web|url=https://sunnah.com/urn/1080540 |title=Sunan al-Nasai 3:24:2889 |publisher= |author= |date= |archiveurl=https://web-beta.archive.org/web/20121018031507/https://sunnah.com/urn/1080540 |deadurl=no}}|It was narrated from Aishah that the Messenger of Allah said: "Geckos are vermin."}}
{{Quote|{{cite web|url=https://sunnah.com/urn/1080540 |title=Sunan al-Nasai 3:24:2889 |publisher= |author= |date= |archiveurl=https://web-beta.archive.org/web/20121018031507/https://sunnah.com/urn/1080540 |deadurl=no}}|It was narrated from Aishah that the Messenger of Allah said: "Geckos are vermin."}}
===No Prescribed Punishment for Beastiality ===
{{Quote|{{Abu Dawud|38|4450}}|Narrated Abdullah ibn Abbas: There is no prescribed punishment for one who has sexual intercourse with an animal.}}


===No Vegetarianism in Heaven===
===No Vegetarianism in Heaven===
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===Women are like Animals===
===Women are like Animals===


{{Quote|{{Tabari|9|p. 113, No. 1754}}|Now then, O people, you have a right over your wives and they have a right over you. You have [the right] that they should not cause anyone of whom you dislike to tread on your beds; and that they should not commit any open indecency. If they do, then Allah permits you to shut them in separate rooms and to beat them, but not severely. If they abstain from [evil], they have the right to their food and clothing in accordance with the custom. Treat women well, '''for they are [like] domestic animals with you and do not possess anything for themselves.''' You have taken them only as a trust from Allah, and you have made the enjoyment of their persons lawful by the word of Allah, so understand and listen to my words, O people. I have conveyed the Message, and have left you with something which, if you hold fast to it, you will never go astray; that is, the Book of Allah and the sunnah of his Prophet. Listen to my words, O people, for I have conveyed the Message and understand [it]. Know for certain that every Muslim is a brother of another Muslim, and that all Muslims are brethren. It is not lawful for a person [to take] from his brother except that which he has given him willingly, so do not wrong yourselves. O Allah, have I not conveyed the message?}}
{{Quote|{{citation|title=The History of al-Tabari|trans_title=Ta’rikh al-rusul wa’l-muluk|volume=vol. IX|ISBN=0-88706-691-7|Year=1990|publisher=SUNY Press|author=al-Tabari (d. 923)|editor=Ismail K. Poonawala|url=https://archive.org/details/HistoryAlTabari40Vol/History_Al-Tabari_10_Vol/page/n2267/mode/2up|page=113}}<BR> {{citation|title=تاريخ الرسل والملوك|author=أبو جعفر الطبري|url=https://app.turath.io/book/9783|publisher=al-Maktabah al-Shamilah|volume=vol. 3|page=151}}
|Now then, O people, you have a right over your wives and they have a right over you. You have [the right] that they should not cause anyone of whom you dislike to tread on your beds; and that they should not commit any open indecency. If they do, then Allah permits you to shut them in separate rooms and to beat them, but not severely. If they abstain from [evil], they have the right to their food and clothing in accordance with the custom. Treat women well, '''for they are [like] domestic animals with you and do not possess anything for themselves.''' You have taken them only as a trust from Allah, and you have made the enjoyment of their persons lawful by the word of Allah, so understand and listen to my words, O people. I have conveyed the Message, and have left you with something which, if you hold fast to it, you will never go astray; that is, the Book of Allah and the sunnah of his Prophet. Listen to my words, O people, for I have conveyed the Message and understand [it]. Know for certain that every Muslim is a brother of another Muslim, and that all Muslims are brethren. It is not lawful for a person [to take] from his brother except that which he has given him willingly, so do not wrong yourselves. O Allah, have I not conveyed the message?}}


{{Quote|{{Bukhari|1|9|493}}|Narrated 'Aisha: The things which annual prayer were mentioned before me (and those were): a dog, a donkey and a woman. I said, '''"You have compared us (women) to donkeys and dogs.''' By Allah! I saw the Prophet praying while I used to lie in (my) bed between him and the Qibla. Whenever I was in need of something, I disliked to sit and trouble the Prophet. So, I would slip away by the side of his feet."|See Also {{Bukhari|1|9|486}}, {{Muslim|4|1032}}, {{Muslim|4|1034}}, {{Muslim|4|1038}}, {{Muslim|4|1039}} 004:1039 adds "and the asses"}}
{{Quote|{{Bukhari|1|9|493}}|Narrated 'Aisha: The things which annual prayer were mentioned before me (and those were): a dog, a donkey and a woman. I said, '''"You have compared us (women) to donkeys and dogs.''' By Allah! I saw the Prophet praying while I used to lie in (my) bed between him and the Qibla. Whenever I was in need of something, I disliked to sit and trouble the Prophet. So, I would slip away by the side of his feet."|See Also {{Bukhari|1|9|486}}, {{Muslim|4|1032}}, {{Muslim|4|1034}}, {{Muslim|4|1038}}, {{Muslim|4|1039}} 004:1039 adds "and the asses"}}
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Keeping dogs nowadays is the habit of the kuffaar, who adopt them as friends, kiss them, let them lick them and their clothes, sleep with them and even leave them money in their wills. Keeping a dog is an imitation of the kuffaar. Some Muslims may claim that they need to keep a dog at home for purposes of protection, to which we respond that nowadays there are burglar alarm systems and other measures one may take for security purposes, and there is no need to keep a dog, praise be to Allaah.}}
Keeping dogs nowadays is the habit of the kuffaar, who adopt them as friends, kiss them, let them lick them and their clothes, sleep with them and even leave them money in their wills. Keeping a dog is an imitation of the kuffaar. Some Muslims may claim that they need to keep a dog at home for purposes of protection, to which we respond that nowadays there are burglar alarm systems and other measures one may take for security purposes, and there is no need to keep a dog, praise be to Allaah.}}
===Sheep sacrifice is recommended as a sunnah upon childbirth===
{{Quote|Chapter 29, {{cite web|url=http://bewley.virtualave.net/Rissac.html |title=The Risala of 'Abdullah ibn Abi Zayd al-Qayrawani (922-996): A Treatise on Maliki Fiqh  |publisher= |author= |date= |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20160813135329/http://bewley.virtualave.net/Rissac.html |deadurl=no}}|'''29.8 The 'Aqiqa'''
'''29.8a The 'aqiqa is recommended'''
Sacrificing an animal for the birth of a child ('aqiqa) is a recommended sunna. It should be done on the seventh day after the birth of the child, using a sheep similar in age and characteristics to what has been previously mentioned concering sacrifices for the 'id. The day on which the child is born is not counted as one of the seven days. The animal should be sacrificed in the morning.}}


==See Also==
==See Also==
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{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}
[[Category:QHS]]
[[Category:QHS]]
[[Category:Animals]]
[[ar:القرآن_والحديث_والعلماء:_الحيوانات]]
[[fr:Coran, hadith et savants : les animaux]]
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