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WikiIslam:Citing, Linking, and Quoting: Difference between revisions
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WikiIslam:Citing, Linking, and Quoting (view source)
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== Citing == | ==Citing== | ||
Any claim or material that is likely to be challenged must be cited. All claims must be supported by scholarly sources and not reliant solely on reasoning provided by editors. We should strive to be as objective, and fact-centered as possible. | Any claim or material that is likely to be challenged must be cited. All claims must be supported by scholarly sources and not reliant solely on reasoning provided by editors. We should strive to be as objective, and fact-centered as possible. | ||
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"The begginings of the Qur'an were conceived as Muhammad began to leave his wife and children to pray alone in a cave several weeks each year.<ref>Emory C. Bogle (1998), p. 6</ref><ref>John Henry Haaren, Addison B. Poland (1904), p. 83</ref> According to Islamic belief, when he was about forty years old (610 AD) he was visited by the Angel [[Gabriel]] (جبريل ''Jibreel'') and commanded to recite verses sent by Allah.<ref>Brown (2003), pp. 72–73</ref> These verses would later become what is believed to be the first part of Sura 96.<ref>Wensinck, A.J.; Rippen, A. (2002). "Waḥy". ''Encyclopaedia of Islam''. '''11''' (2nd ed.). Brill Academic Publishers. p. 54. <nowiki>ISBN 90-04-12756-9</nowiki>.</ref> This experience frightened him, and originally thinking he was possessed by a demon, he became suicidal. According to [[Sahih Bukhari]]<ref>...But after a few days Waraqa died and the Divine Inspiration was also paused for a while and the Prophet (Mohammad) became so sad as we have heard that he intended several times to throw himself from the tops of high mountains and every time he went up the top of a mountain in order to throw himself down, Gabriel would appear before him and say, "O Muhammad! You are indeed Allah's Apostle in truth" whereupon his heart would become quiet and he would calm down and would return home. And whenever the period of the coming of the inspiration used to become long, he would do as before, but when he used to reach the top of a mountain, Gabriel would appear before him and say to him what he had said before. [https://quranx.com/Hadith/Bukhari/USC-MSA/Volume-9/Book-87/Hadith-111 Sahih Bukhari 9:87:111]</ref> After this first '[[revelation]]' no new ones came for a time, but then after a long period they started up again and continued at a steady rate till his death. The collection of these verses is known as the [[Qur'an]].<ref>Uri Rubin, ''Muhammad'', Encyclopedia of the Qur'an</ref>" | "The begginings of the Qur'an were conceived as Muhammad began to leave his wife and children to pray alone in a cave several weeks each year.<ref>Emory C. Bogle (1998), p. 6</ref><ref>John Henry Haaren, Addison B. Poland (1904), p. 83</ref> According to Islamic belief, when he was about forty years old (610 AD) he was visited by the Angel [[Gabriel]] (جبريل ''Jibreel'') and commanded to recite verses sent by Allah.<ref>Brown (2003), pp. 72–73</ref> These verses would later become what is believed to be the first part of Sura 96.<ref>Wensinck, A.J.; Rippen, A. (2002). "Waḥy". ''Encyclopaedia of Islam''. '''11''' (2nd ed.). Brill Academic Publishers. p. 54. <nowiki>ISBN 90-04-12756-9</nowiki>.</ref> This experience frightened him, and originally thinking he was possessed by a demon, he became suicidal. According to [[Sahih Bukhari]]<ref>...But after a few days Waraqa died and the Divine Inspiration was also paused for a while and the Prophet (Mohammad) became so sad as we have heard that he intended several times to throw himself from the tops of high mountains and every time he went up the top of a mountain in order to throw himself down, Gabriel would appear before him and say, "O Muhammad! You are indeed Allah's Apostle in truth" whereupon his heart would become quiet and he would calm down and would return home. And whenever the period of the coming of the inspiration used to become long, he would do as before, but when he used to reach the top of a mountain, Gabriel would appear before him and say to him what he had said before. [https://quranx.com/Hadith/Bukhari/USC-MSA/Volume-9/Book-87/Hadith-111 Sahih Bukhari 9:87:111]</ref> After this first '[[revelation]]' no new ones came for a time, but then after a long period they started up again and continued at a steady rate till his death. The collection of these verses is known as the [[Qur'an]].<ref>Uri Rubin, ''Muhammad'', Encyclopedia of the Qur'an</ref>" | ||
=== Citing Formats === | ===Citing Formats=== | ||
Quran | Quran | ||
* Full Verse(s) in English - Only use the translations of Pickthall, Yusuf Ali, or Sahih International. Generally, you should use the most accurate translation of the relevant Arabic words. | *Full Verse(s) in English - Only use the translations of Pickthall, Yusuf Ali, or Sahih International. Generally, you should use the most accurate translation of the relevant Arabic words. | ||
* Using Quran templates will cite and link automatically (See [[Template:Quran|here]] and [[Template:Quran-range|here]]) | *Using Quran templates will cite and link automatically (See [[Template:Quran|here]] and [[Template:Quran-range|here]]) | ||
* Chapter (A) and verse (B) numbers will appear in “Quran A:B” format | *Chapter (A) and verse (B) numbers will appear in “Quran A:B” format | ||
* Example: Indeed, We have granted you, [O Muhammad], al-Kawthar Qur’an 108:1 | *Example: Indeed, We have granted you, [O Muhammad], al-Kawthar Qur’an 108:1 | ||
Hadith: | Hadith: | ||
* Using hadith templates for appropriate collection will cite and link automatically (See [[WikiIslam:Citing Sources#Referencing%20Hadith|here]]) | *Using hadith templates for appropriate collection will cite and link automatically (See [[WikiIslam:Citing Sources#Referencing%20Hadith|here]]) | ||
* Quote the full Hadith in English | *Quote the full Hadith in English | ||
* Where applicable Use USC-MSA web (English) reference | *Where applicable Use USC-MSA web (English) reference | ||
* For certain hadith collections where USC-MSA is unavailable use the reference system suggested for each collection [[WikiIslam:Citing Sources#Referencing%20Hadith|here]] (or one of the listed alternatives if necessary). These correspond to the reference systems selected by default for each collection on QuranX. | *For certain hadith collections where USC-MSA is unavailable use the reference system suggested for each collection [[WikiIslam:Citing Sources#Referencing%20Hadith|here]] (or one of the listed alternatives if necessary). These correspond to the reference systems selected by default for each collection on QuranX. | ||
* Some hadiths may be long - it is acceptable to bold the relevant information to the claim within the hadith. If the hadith is very long, it may be acceptable to place [...] at the beginning and end of an extract. | *Some hadiths may be long - it is acceptable to bold the relevant information to the claim within the hadith. If the hadith is very long, it may be acceptable to place [...] at the beginning and end of an extract. | ||
* Always test generated links. If there is a problem read the relevant template page. Use the reference numbers as found on QuranX if they differ from sunnah.com. The latter has many numbering mistakes, corrected on QuranX. | *Always test generated links. If there is a problem read the relevant template page. Use the reference numbers as found on QuranX if they differ from sunnah.com. The latter has many numbering mistakes, corrected on QuranX. | ||
* Example: Narrated 'Aisha: that '''the Prophet married her when she was six years old and he consummated his marriage when she was nine years old''', and then she remained with him for nine years (i.e., till his death). Sahih Bukhari 7:62:64 | *Example: Narrated 'Aisha: that '''the Prophet married her when she was six years old and he consummated his marriage when she was nine years old''', and then she remained with him for nine years (i.e., till his death). Sahih Bukhari 7:62:64 | ||
=== Citing in Relevant Quotations Section === | ===Citing in Relevant Quotations Section=== | ||
Do ''not'' cite in the “Relevant Quotations” section of any article. This section is only for quotes from direct Islamic scriptures. When a single source makes more than one claim they should be listed as separate citations. If two sources make the same claim you should pick the more reliable source. | Do ''not'' cite in the “Relevant Quotations” section of any article. This section is only for quotes from direct Islamic scriptures. When a single source makes more than one claim they should be listed as separate citations. If two sources make the same claim you should pick the more reliable source. | ||
== Mediums == | ==Mediums== | ||
=== Book === | ===Book=== | ||
==== Lane’s Lexicon (For Terms) ==== | ====Lane’s Lexicon (For Terms)==== | ||
* Word being termed in both original and English language | *Word being termed in both original and English language | ||
* “Lane’s Lexicon” linked to appropriate pdf page file on (<nowiki>http://www.studyquran.org/LaneLexicon/</nowiki>) | *“Lane’s Lexicon” linked to appropriate pdf page file on (<nowiki>http://www.studyquran.org/LaneLexicon/</nowiki>) | ||
* page number (not pdf file number) | *page number (not pdf file number) | ||
* Example: مَهْدً mahdan - Lane's Lexicon, p.2739 | *Example: مَهْدً mahdan - Lane's Lexicon, p.2739 | ||
==== Other Books - In APA or MLA format ==== | ====Other Books - In APA or MLA format==== | ||
* Name of author(s) (mandatory) | *Name of author(s) (mandatory) | ||
* Title of book in italics (mandatory) | *Title of book in italics (mandatory) | ||
* Translated title of book in square brackets after the title if not in English (optional) | *Translated title of book in square brackets after the title if not in English (optional) | ||
* Volume when appropriate | *Volume when appropriate | ||
* Name of publisher (mandatory) | *Name of publisher (mandatory) | ||
* City of publication, e.g. London: Routledge (optional) | *City of publication, e.g. London: Routledge (optional) | ||
* Year of publication of the edition you are citing | *Year of publication of the edition you are citing | ||
* Original year of publication in square brackets, e.g. 2017 [1972] (optional) | *Original year of publication in square brackets, e.g. 2017 [1972] (optional) | ||
* Chapter or page numbers cited, if appropriate | *Chapter or page numbers cited, if appropriate | ||
* Edition, if not the first edition | *Edition, if not the first edition | ||
* ISBN (optional) | *ISBN (optional) | ||
=== Article === | ===Article=== | ||
* Name of the author(s) (mandatory) | *Name of the author(s) (mandatory) | ||
* Title of the article within quotation marks (mandatory) | *Title of the article within quotation marks (mandatory) | ||
* Year | *Year | ||
* Name of the journal in italics (mandatory) | *Name of the journal in italics (mandatory) | ||
* Volume number, issue number, and page numbers | *Volume number, issue number, and page numbers | ||
=== Web page === | ===Web page=== | ||
* URL (mandatory) | *URL (mandatory) | ||
* Name of the author(s) (mandatory) | *Name of the author(s) (mandatory) | ||
* Title of the article within quotation marks (mandatory) | *Title of the article within quotation marks (mandatory) | ||
* Title or domain name of the website | *Title or domain name of the website | ||
* Publisher, if known | *Publisher, if known | ||
* Date of publication | *Date of publication | ||
* Page number(s) (if applicable) | *Page number(s) (if applicable) | ||
* Date retrieved (or accessed) the web page (required if the publication date is unknown) | *Date retrieved (or accessed) the web page (required if the publication date is unknown) | ||
=== Video === | ===Video=== | ||
* Director (mandatory) | *Director (mandatory) | ||
* Producer, if relevant (mandatory) | *Producer, if relevant (mandatory) | ||
* Names of major performers | *Names of major performers | ||
* Title of the episode in quotation marks (mandatory) | *Title of the episode in quotation marks (mandatory) | ||
* Title of the film or TV series in italics | *Title of the film or TV series in italics | ||
* Name of the studio (mandatory) | *Name of the studio (mandatory) | ||
* Year of release | *Year of release | ||
* Medium (for example: film, videocassette, DVD) | *Medium (for example: film, videocassette, DVD) | ||
* Approximate time at which event or point of interest occurs, where appropriate | *Approximate time at which event or point of interest occurs, where appropriate | ||
=== Music/Sound === | ===Music/Sound=== | ||
* Composer(s), songwriter(s), script writer(s), etc… (mandatory) | *Composer(s), songwriter(s), script writer(s), etc… (mandatory) | ||
* Performer(s) (mandatory) | *Performer(s) (mandatory) | ||
* Title of the song or individual track in quotation marks (mandatory) | *Title of the song or individual track in quotation marks (mandatory) | ||
* Title of the album in italics (if applicable) | *Title of the album in italics (if applicable) | ||
* Name of the record label | *Name of the record label | ||
* Year of release | *Year of release | ||
* Medium (for example: LP, audio cassette, CD, MP3 file) | *Medium (for example: LP, audio cassette, CD, MP3 file) | ||
* Approximate time at which event or point of interest occurs, where appropriate | *Approximate time at which event or point of interest occurs, where appropriate | ||
== Linking == | ==Linking== | ||
Linking is a way to connect Wikiislam pages within the text. If there exists a page on a subject that is brought up within an article it is encouraged to link the page within the text. However, over-linking can be distracting. By rule of thumb only link the first occurrence of the subject being mentioned in the article. | Linking is a way to connect Wikiislam pages within the text. If there exists a page on a subject that is brought up within an article it is encouraged to link the page within the text. However, over-linking can be distracting. By rule of thumb only link the first occurrence of the subject being mentioned in the article. | ||
You can link a subject by enclosing it in double brackets <nowiki>[[X]]</nowiki> | You can link a subject by enclosing it in double brackets <nowiki>[[X]]</nowiki> | ||
== Quoting == | ==Quoting== | ||
Using the quote template can provide useful information from primary sources in a direct manner. However too many of them will cause unnecessary clutter in the page. Unless absolutely necessary to keep the flow of the article, do not use the quote template outside the “Relevant Quotations” section. (See Structure Protocol for more details) | Using the quote template can provide useful information from primary sources in a direct manner. However too many of them will cause unnecessary clutter in the page. Unless absolutely necessary to keep the flow of the article, do not use the quote template outside the “Relevant Quotations” section. (See Structure Protocol for more details) | ||
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If you must reference something to support a claim, cite it in a footnote. If you must quote a published work outside of the “Relevant Quotations” section use quotation marks and incorporate the quote into the text and include a footnote citation at the end. It may also be justifiable to highlight a certain quote within the main text - if so please use the “Quote-text” template. | If you must reference something to support a claim, cite it in a footnote. If you must quote a published work outside of the “Relevant Quotations” section use quotation marks and incorporate the quote into the text and include a footnote citation at the end. It may also be justifiable to highlight a certain quote within the main text - if so please use the “Quote-text” template. | ||
Example of cluttered formatting: | '''Example of cluttered formatting:''' | ||
Amended version: | Shaykh Gibril Haddad says that the evidence Amjad provided above is false.{{Quote|1=[http://www.webcitation.org/67gTj2QC2 Gibril Haddad]|2=Al-Tabari nowhere reports that "Abu Bakr's four children were all born in Jahiliyya" but only that Abu Bakr married both their mothers in Jahiliyya, Qutayla bint Sa`d and Umm Ruman, who bore him four children in all, two each, `A'isha being the daughter of Umm Ruman.}}'''Amended version:''' | ||
Shaykh Gibril Haddad states that the passage mentioned is misinterpreted, stating "Al-Tabari nowhere reports that 'Abu Bakr's four children were all born in Jahiliyya' but only that Abu Bakr married both their mothers in Jahiliyya, Qutayla bint Sa`d and Umm Ruman, who bore him four children in all, two each, `A'isha being the daughter of Umm Ruman."<ref name=":6">''Our Mother A'isha's Age At The Time Of Her Marriage to The Prophet'' Shaykh Gibril Haddad</ref> | |||
[[Category:Help Pages]] | [[Category:Help Pages]] | ||
[[Category:Policies and Guidelines]] | [[Category:Policies and Guidelines]] | ||
<references /> | |||