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[[File:Images-nazism-0022.jpg|210px|right|thumb|''Mein Kampf'' is a best-seller in the Muslim World, and is often sold along-side religious literature.<ref name="Alastair Lawson">Alastair Lawson - [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/8382132.stm Mein Kampf a hit on Dhaka streets] - BBC News, November 27, 2009</ref><ref name="AFP Mar 18 2005">[{{Reference archive|1=http://www.dailystar.com.lb/Culture/Arts/Mar/18/Hitlers-Mein-Kampf-sells-50000-copies-in-Turkey-in-three-months.ashx#axzz1mYj9kPvg|2=2012-02-16}} Hitler's 'Mein Kampf' sells 50,000 copies in Turkey in three months] - Agence France Presse, March 18, 2005</ref>]] | [[File:Images-nazism-0022.jpg|210px|right|thumb|''Mein Kampf'' is a best-seller in the Muslim World, and is often sold along-side religious literature.<ref name="Alastair Lawson">Alastair Lawson - [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/8382132.stm Mein Kampf a hit on Dhaka streets] - BBC News, November 27, 2009</ref><ref name="AFP Mar 18 2005">[{{Reference archive|1=http://www.dailystar.com.lb/Culture/Arts/Mar/18/Hitlers-Mein-Kampf-sells-50000-copies-in-Turkey-in-three-months.ashx#axzz1mYj9kPvg|2=2012-02-16}} Hitler's 'Mein Kampf' sells 50,000 copies in Turkey in three months] - Agence France Presse, March 18, 2005</ref>]] | ||
This article provides statistics and | This article provides statistics and lists the many [[Antisemitism|anti-Semitic]] references made in [[Islam and Scripture|Islamic scripture]] and by early and modern scholars, and in doing so it also discusses anti-Semitism and its place within orthodox [[Islam|Islamic]] theology. | ||
==Introduction== | ==Introduction== | ||
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==Statistics== | ==Statistics== | ||
=== | ===Worldwide=== | ||
Anti-Semitic incidents around the world have more than doubled in 2009 over the previous year, and most violent attacks in Western Europe comes from people of Arab or Muslim heritage. | Anti-Semitic incidents around the world have more than doubled in 2009 over the previous year, and most violent attacks in Western Europe comes from people of Arab or Muslim heritage. | ||
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During the month of January 2009, in the midst of Operation Cast Lead, '''“Asian” and “Arab” attackers accounted for fully 54% of incidents, although the Muslim community numbers just 4% of the general population'''.<ref>Haviv Rettig Gur - [http://www.jpost.com/JewishWorld/JewishNews/Article.aspx?id=172884 Anti-Semitic violence doubled in 2009] - The Jerusalem Post, April 12, 2010</ref>}} | During the month of January 2009, in the midst of Operation Cast Lead, '''“Asian” and “Arab” attackers accounted for fully 54% of incidents, although the Muslim community numbers just 4% of the general population'''.<ref>Haviv Rettig Gur - [http://www.jpost.com/JewishWorld/JewishNews/Article.aspx?id=172884 Anti-Semitic violence doubled in 2009] - The Jerusalem Post, April 12, 2010</ref>}} | ||
==== | ====Netherlands==== | ||
{{Quote||In 2009, the number of anti-Semite incidents in Amsterdam doubled compared to the year before. The Jewish community feels under siege<BR>. . .<BR> | {{Quote||In 2009, the number of anti-Semite incidents in Amsterdam doubled compared to the year before. The Jewish community feels under siege<BR>. . .<BR> | ||
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“Their reasoning goes something like this: Israelis are Jews, Palestinians are Arabs, so we Moroccan ‘Arabs’ in the Netherlands are going to take on Dutch Jews,” said Menno ten Brink, a rabbi for the liberal Jewish community in Amsterdam.<ref>Karel Berkhout - [http://www.nrc.nl/international/article2468489.ece/Anti-Semitism_on_the_rise_in_Amsterdam Anti-Semitism on the rise in Amsterdam] - NRC, 26 January 2010</ref>}} | “Their reasoning goes something like this: Israelis are Jews, Palestinians are Arabs, so we Moroccan ‘Arabs’ in the Netherlands are going to take on Dutch Jews,” said Menno ten Brink, a rabbi for the liberal Jewish community in Amsterdam.<ref>Karel Berkhout - [http://www.nrc.nl/international/article2468489.ece/Anti-Semitism_on_the_rise_in_Amsterdam Anti-Semitism on the rise in Amsterdam] - NRC, 26 January 2010</ref>}} | ||
==== | ====Belgium==== | ||
{{Quote||The Flemish-language newspaper De Morgen ([{{Reference archive|1=http://www.demorgen.be/dm/nl/989/Binnenland/article/detail/1263072/2011/05/12/Brusselse-jongeren-vaak-antisemitisch.dhtml|2=2011-05-19}} link only in Flemish]) has a major [May 12, 2011] article about a survey of Muslim students in Brussels high schools. The professor who conducted the survey concludes that '''half "can be described as antisemitic''' which is a very high rate.’’ '''Five times higher, in fact, then among Flemish-speaking Belgians''', who historically have been relatively anti-Jewish. | {{Quote||The Flemish-language newspaper De Morgen ([{{Reference archive|1=http://www.demorgen.be/dm/nl/989/Binnenland/article/detail/1263072/2011/05/12/Brusselse-jongeren-vaak-antisemitisch.dhtml|2=2011-05-19}} link only in Flemish]) has a major [May 12, 2011] article about a survey of Muslim students in Brussels high schools. The professor who conducted the survey concludes that '''half "can be described as antisemitic''' which is a very high rate.’’ '''Five times higher, in fact, then among Flemish-speaking Belgians''', who historically have been relatively anti-Jewish. | ||
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"The antisemitism is theologically inspired," says the sociologist, Professor Mark Elchardus. "'''There is a direct link between being Muslim and antisemitic feelings'''...<ref>Barry Rubin - [{{Reference archive|1=http://www.rightsidenews.com/2011051713549/editorial/world-opinion-and-editorial/belgium-half-of-all-muslim-immigrant-children-are-antisemitic.html|2=2011-05-19}} Belgium: Half of All Muslim Immigrant Children Are Antisemitic] - Right Side News, May 17, 2011</ref>}} | "The antisemitism is theologically inspired," says the sociologist, Professor Mark Elchardus. "'''There is a direct link between being Muslim and antisemitic feelings'''...<ref>Barry Rubin - [{{Reference archive|1=http://www.rightsidenews.com/2011051713549/editorial/world-opinion-and-editorial/belgium-half-of-all-muslim-immigrant-children-are-antisemitic.html|2=2011-05-19}} Belgium: Half of All Muslim Immigrant Children Are Antisemitic] - Right Side News, May 17, 2011</ref>}} | ||
==== | ====Sweden==== | ||
Among adults 39 percent of Muslim Swedes have a systematically negative view of Jews compared to 5 percent among the rest | Among adults 39 percent of Muslim Swedes have a systematically negative view of Jews compared to 5 percent among the rest | ||
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Malmo Rabbi Shneur Kesselman says: “'''In the past five years I’ve been here, I think you can count on your hand how many (anti-Semitic) incidents there have been from the extreme right. In my personal experience, it’s 99% Muslim.'''” Jewish resident Marcus Eilenberg, whose survivor grandparents found shelter in Malmo in 1945, says Jews there are confronting “a degree of hate that none of us – except those who survived the Holocaust – had experienced before.”<ref>Don Feder - [http://www.grasstopsusa.com/df092010.html Society For Voluntary Jewish Extinction Fights Islamophobia Society For Voluntary Jewish Extinction Fights Islamophobia] - GrassTopsUSA, September 20, 2010</ref>}} | Malmo Rabbi Shneur Kesselman says: “'''In the past five years I’ve been here, I think you can count on your hand how many (anti-Semitic) incidents there have been from the extreme right. In my personal experience, it’s 99% Muslim.'''” Jewish resident Marcus Eilenberg, whose survivor grandparents found shelter in Malmo in 1945, says Jews there are confronting “a degree of hate that none of us – except those who survived the Holocaust – had experienced before.”<ref>Don Feder - [http://www.grasstopsusa.com/df092010.html Society For Voluntary Jewish Extinction Fights Islamophobia Society For Voluntary Jewish Extinction Fights Islamophobia] - GrassTopsUSA, September 20, 2010</ref>}} | ||
==== | ====United Kingdom==== | ||
About 2 out of 5 British Muslims believe Jews are "a legitimate target" | About 2 out of 5 British Muslims believe Jews are "a legitimate target" | ||
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Violent assaults soared to 112, up by more than a third on 2005.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/pages/live/articles/news/news.html?in_article_id=433030&in_page_id=1770 'Wave of hatred' warning as attacks on Jews hits record high] - The Daily Mail, February 1, 2007</ref>}} | Violent assaults soared to 112, up by more than a third on 2005.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/pages/live/articles/news/news.html?in_article_id=433030&in_page_id=1770 'Wave of hatred' warning as attacks on Jews hits record high] - The Daily Mail, February 1, 2007</ref>}} | ||
=== | ===Muslim Majority Nations=== | ||
{{Quote||According to the Pew Global Attitudes Project released on August 14, 2005, high percentages of the populations of six Muslim-majority countries have negative views of Jews. To a questionnaire asking respondents to give their views of members of various religions along a spectrum from "very favorable" to "very unfavorable", '''60% of Turks, 74% of Pakistanis, 76% of Indonesians, 88% of Moroccans, 99% of Lebanese Muslims and 100% of Jordanians checked either "somewhat unfavorable" or "very unfavorable" for Jews.'''<ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Islam_and_antisemitism&oldid=380681249 Islam and antisemitism] - Wikipedia, accessed September 17, 2010</ref>}} | {{Quote||According to the Pew Global Attitudes Project released on August 14, 2005, high percentages of the populations of six Muslim-majority countries have negative views of Jews. To a questionnaire asking respondents to give their views of members of various religions along a spectrum from "very favorable" to "very unfavorable", '''60% of Turks, 74% of Pakistanis, 76% of Indonesians, 88% of Moroccans, 99% of Lebanese Muslims and 100% of Jordanians checked either "somewhat unfavorable" or "very unfavorable" for Jews.'''<ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Islam_and_antisemitism&oldid=380681249 Islam and antisemitism] - Wikipedia, accessed September 17, 2010</ref>}} | ||
==== | ====Egypt==== | ||
{{Quote|June, 2006|Pew asked respondents to give their opinions of Christians, Muslims and Jews, and it found anti-Jewish sentiment to be "overwhelming" in the Muslim countries surveyed. It reached 98 percent in Jordan and '''97 percent in Egypt'''.<ref>MEG BORTIN - [http://www.nytimes.com/2006/06/23/world/23pew.html?ei=5090&en=5b361ce4828f5847&ex=1308715200&adxnnl=1&partner=rssuserland&emc=rss&pagewanted=all&adxnnlx=1180479483-EJoZc0Poq7pWF1C9iBvPng Poll Finds Discord Between the Muslim and Western Worlds] - The New York Times, June 23, 2006</ref>}} | {{Quote|June, 2006|Pew asked respondents to give their opinions of Christians, Muslims and Jews, and it found anti-Jewish sentiment to be "overwhelming" in the Muslim countries surveyed. It reached 98 percent in Jordan and '''97 percent in Egypt'''.<ref>MEG BORTIN - [http://www.nytimes.com/2006/06/23/world/23pew.html?ei=5090&en=5b361ce4828f5847&ex=1308715200&adxnnl=1&partner=rssuserland&emc=rss&pagewanted=all&adxnnlx=1180479483-EJoZc0Poq7pWF1C9iBvPng Poll Finds Discord Between the Muslim and Western Worlds] - The New York Times, June 23, 2006</ref>}} | ||
==== | ====Jordan==== | ||
100 percent of Jordanians view Jews unfavorably | 100 percent of Jordanians view Jews unfavorably | ||
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The poll, which surveyed 17,000 people in 17 countries, said '''100 percent of Jordanians viewed Jews unfavorably.''' The majority of Jordanians are Palestinians, but the late King Hussein and his son and successor, King Abdullah have been known for their pro-American stances.<ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20051031063641/http://www.worldtribune.com/worldtribune/05/front2453632.451388889.html Poll: Jordan top anti-Jew nation; Russia most pro-Christian] - World Tribune, September 19, 2005</ref>}} | The poll, which surveyed 17,000 people in 17 countries, said '''100 percent of Jordanians viewed Jews unfavorably.''' The majority of Jordanians are Palestinians, but the late King Hussein and his son and successor, King Abdullah have been known for their pro-American stances.<ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20051031063641/http://www.worldtribune.com/worldtribune/05/front2453632.451388889.html Poll: Jordan top anti-Jew nation; Russia most pro-Christian] - World Tribune, September 19, 2005</ref>}} | ||
==Continuing | ==Continuing challenge of antisemitism in Islam== | ||
Attempts are often made to portray Muhammad in a better light by claiming that he attended a Jew's funeral<ref>A repetitive example can be found here: [http://tablighijamaattruth.blogspot.in/search?q=jew]</ref> and forgave a Jewish woman who used to throw garbage and carrion at his doorstep. Nonetheless, these stories are known to be from [[Mawdu' (Fabricated Hadith)|weak or fabricated hadiths]]<ref>http://ireport.cnn.com/docs/DOC-1204985</ref><ref>Bukhari 1250 is misquoted here: [http://dailyhadith.abuaminaelias.com/2011/03/30/the-prophet-stood-up-for-the-funeral-of-a-jew-out-of-respect-for-his-humanity/]. The site quotes Sahih Muslim correctly but ignores [https://sunnah.com/muslim/11/31 this] hadith from the same book, where Muhammad says the dead Jew is being punished eternally.</ref>. Sometimes it is stated that the same hadith and sira books that are otherwise dismissed as unreliable, such as Ibn Ishaq, Ibn Saad and Al-Mustadrak ala al-Sahihain.<ref>http://seekershub.org/ans-blog/2011/02/11/is-it-true-that-someone-threw-trash-on-the-prophet-peace-and-blessings-of-allah-be-upon-him/</ref><ref>http://www.islamweb.net/emainpage/index.php?page=showfatwa&Option=FatwaId&Id=283960</ref> | Attempts are often made to portray Muhammad in a better light by claiming that he attended a Jew's funeral<ref>A repetitive example can be found here: [http://tablighijamaattruth.blogspot.in/search?q=jew]</ref> and forgave a Jewish woman who used to throw garbage and carrion at his doorstep. Nonetheless, these stories are known to be from [[Mawdu' (Fabricated Hadith)|weak or fabricated hadiths]]<ref>http://ireport.cnn.com/docs/DOC-1204985</ref><ref>Bukhari 1250 is misquoted here: [http://dailyhadith.abuaminaelias.com/2011/03/30/the-prophet-stood-up-for-the-funeral-of-a-jew-out-of-respect-for-his-humanity/]. The site quotes Sahih Muslim correctly but ignores [https://sunnah.com/muslim/11/31 this] hadith from the same book, where Muhammad says the dead Jew is being punished eternally.</ref>. Sometimes it is stated that the same hadith and sira books that are otherwise dismissed as unreliable, such as Ibn Ishaq, Ibn Saad and Al-Mustadrak ala al-Sahihain.<ref>http://seekershub.org/ans-blog/2011/02/11/is-it-true-that-someone-threw-trash-on-the-prophet-peace-and-blessings-of-allah-be-upon-him/</ref><ref>http://www.islamweb.net/emainpage/index.php?page=showfatwa&Option=FatwaId&Id=283960</ref> |