Portal: Early Islamic History: Difference between revisions

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==The Early Caliphates==
==The Early Caliphates==


Orthodox Sunni and Shi'i Islam see the prophet as [[Uswa Hasana]], the perfect, "complete" man for all times and all cultures. As such the record of the prophet's words and deeds, the hadith, constitute the fundamental building block for Islamic [[fiqh]] in addition to the [[Qur'an]]. The hadith literature is truly vastly, including dozens of volumes by many different muhaddiths or hadith scholars.  
==The Early Caliphates==
 
Although not technically part of the "holy history" of Islam which ends with the death of the prophet and the sealing of the holy prophetic example, the years of the [[Rashidun Caliphs]], the Umayyads and the Abassids were absolutely instrumental in the formation of Islam as we now know it. It was during this time that the Uthmanic rescencion of the Qur'an was canonized and all other versions were annihilated; it was in the early years of the Rashidun caliphs that the word "Muslim" came to define the movement as opposseed to the earlier "believer", and it was under the Umayyads and Abassids that the doctrine of the prophetic example was formulated, the Sunnah was assembled and the place of the caliph in the [[ummah]] was finally fixed.  
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{{PortalArticle|image=|title=Sahih Bukhari|summary=Sahih Bukhari is the most esteemed collection of hadith, held second only to the Qur'an itself in the Sunni tradition in terms of authority. Put together by a central Asian scholar over 200 years after the death of the prophet, Sahih Bukhari contains only hadith which receive the highest level of approval from Sunni scholars. |description=}}
{{PortalArticle|image=|title=Dihya the Berber Queen (Al-Kaahina)|summary=Dihya was a Berber queen who fiercely resisted the expanding caliphate to her death. |description=}}
{{PortalArticle|image=|title=Sahih|summary= Sahih صحيح or "correct" is the highest level of trustworthiness that the Sunni tradition can assign to a particular hadith.|description=}}
{{PortalArticle|image=|title=Khilafah (Caliphate)|summary= The caliphate, or success state to the prophet, in orthodox Sunni Islam is seen as the continuation of the rule of the prophet of Allah by his viceroy on earth, and is a divinely ordained institution.|description=}}
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{{PortalArticle|image=|title=Scientific Errors in the Hadith|summary=Like the Qur'an, orthodox Sunni tradition holds that the words of the prophet were unerring on matters of science. Even many "sahih" hadith, though, betray a pre-modern understanding of natural world which clearly falls in line with ancient belief rather than the findings modern science.|description= }}
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{{PortalArticle|image=|title=Tawaatur|summary=Tawaatur is a designation given to hadith which are attested to by multiple chains of transmission, called isnaads (asaanid أسانيد in Arabic).|description= }}
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===Other articles in this section===
===Other articles in this section===
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*[[Contradictions in the Hadith]]
*[[Early Conversions to Islam]]
*[[Sahih_Muslim]]
*[[Rashidun Caliphs]]
*[[Prophecies in the Hadith]]
*[[Ka'bah]]
*[[Sunan Abu Dawud]]
*[[Khilafah (Caliphate)]]
*[[Mawdu' (Fabricated Hadith)]]
*[[Abu Bakr Abdullah ibn Uthman]]
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*[[Ali ibn Abi Talib]]
*[[Uthman ibn Affan]]
*[[Arab Transmission of the Classics]]
*[[Umar ibn al-Khattab]]
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