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It has been claimed that disparaging attitudes toward non-Muslim women and girls are promoted in some [[mosque]]s<ref name="Dixon">{{cite web|last1=Dixon|first1=Hayley|title=‘Imams promote grooming rings’, Muslim leader claims|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/crime/10061217/Imams-promote-grooming-rings-Muslim-leader-claims.html |publisher=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|date=16 May 2013|accessdate=27 April 2015}}</ref> and that sexual predation of them is supported in religious text<ref name="McLoughlin">{{cite web|last1=McLoughlin|first1=Peter|title=“Easy Meat”: Multiculturalism, Islam and Child Sex Slavery|url=http://lawandfreedomfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/Easy-Meat-Multiculturalism-Islam-and-Child-Sex-Slavery-05-03-2014.pdf |pages=222-258|publisher=Law and Freedom Foundation|date=March 2014|accessdate=27 April 2015}}</ref> as a form of [[sexual slavery]] sanctioned in [[Quran]]ic scriptures, such as ''[[surah|suras]]'' 4:24 and 33:50, in which sex is permitted with ''"[[Ma malakat aymanukum]]"'' (captive women).<ref name="mccarthy">{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalreview.com/corner/391814/isis-and-rape-jihad-andrew-c-mccarthy|title=ISIS and the Rape Jihad|last=McCarthy|first=Andrew|authorlink=Andrew C. McCarthy|date=3 November 2014|publisher=National Review Online|accessdate=16 December 2014}}</ref> | It has been claimed that disparaging attitudes toward non-Muslim women and girls are promoted in some [[mosque]]s<ref name="Dixon">{{cite web|last1=Dixon|first1=Hayley|title=‘Imams promote grooming rings’, Muslim leader claims|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/crime/10061217/Imams-promote-grooming-rings-Muslim-leader-claims.html |publisher=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|date=16 May 2013|accessdate=27 April 2015}}</ref> and that sexual predation of them is supported in religious text<ref name="McLoughlin">{{cite web|last1=McLoughlin|first1=Peter|title=“Easy Meat”: Multiculturalism, Islam and Child Sex Slavery|url=http://lawandfreedomfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/Easy-Meat-Multiculturalism-Islam-and-Child-Sex-Slavery-05-03-2014.pdf |pages=222-258|publisher=Law and Freedom Foundation|date=March 2014|accessdate=27 April 2015}}</ref> as a form of [[sexual slavery]] sanctioned in [[Quran]]ic scriptures, such as ''[[surah|suras]]'' 4:24 and 33:50, in which sex is permitted with ''"[[Ma malakat aymanukum]]"'' (captive women).<ref name="mccarthy">{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalreview.com/corner/391814/isis-and-rape-jihad-andrew-c-mccarthy|title=ISIS and the Rape Jihad|last=McCarthy|first=Andrew|authorlink=Andrew C. McCarthy|date=3 November 2014|publisher=National Review Online|accessdate=16 December 2014}}</ref> | ||
In its digital magazine, ''[[Dabiq (magazine)|Dabiq]]'', the [[Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant]] (ISIL) explicitly claimed religious justification for enslaving Yazidi women (see section following). Specifically, ISIL argued that the Yazidi were idol worshipers and appealed to the [[shariah]] practice of [[Prisoners of war in Islam|spoils of war]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Islamic State Seeks to Justify Enslaving Yazidi Women and Girls in Iraq|url=http://www.newsweek.com/islamic-state-seeks-justify-enslaving-yazidi-women-and-girls-iraq-277100 |accessdate=3 November 2014|work=Newsweek|agency=Reuters|date=13 October 2014}}</ref><ref>Athena Yenko, [http://au.ibtimes.com/articles/569402/20141013/islamic-state-dabiq-magazine-isis-slavery.htm#.VD7r9EnD_Gg "Judgment Day Justifies Sex Slavery Of Women – ISIS Out With Its 4th Edition Of Dabiq Magazine"] ''International Business Times-Australia'', October 13, 2014{{dead link|date=April 2015}}</ref><ref>Allen McDuffee, [http://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2014/10/isis-confirms-and-justifies-enslaving-yazidis-in-new-magazine-article/381394/ "ISIS Is Now Bragging About Enslaving Women and Children,"] ''[[The Atlantic]]'', Oct 13 2014</ref><ref name="Abdelaziz - ISIS States Justification">{{cite news|last=Abdelaziz|first=Salma|title=ISIS states its justification for the enslavement of women|url=http://www.cnn.com/2014/10/12/world/meast/isis-justification-slavery |publisher=[[CNN]]|date=13 October 2014|accessdate=1 January 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Spencer|first=Richard|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/islamic-state/11158797/Thousands-of-Yazidi-women-sold-as-sex-slaves-for-theological-reasons-says-Isil.html|title=Thousands of Yazidi women sold as sex slaves 'for theological reasons', says Isil|date=13 October 2014|work=The Telegraph|accessdate=3 November 2014}}</ref><ref>[http://www.economist.com/news/middle-east-and-africa/21625870-jihadists-boast-selling-captive-women-concubines-have-and-hold "To have and to hold: Jihadists boast of selling captive women as concubines,"] ''[[The Economist]]'', Oct 18th 2014</ref><ref>By AFP, [http://english.alarabiya.net/en/perspective/features/2014/10/13/ISIS-declares-return-of-slavery-.html "ISIS jihadists boast of enslaving Yazidi women,"] ''[[Al Arabiya]]'', October 13, 2014</ref> ISIL asserts that certain [[Hadith]] and [[Qur’an]]ic verses support their right to enslave and rape captive non-Muslim women.<ref name="Kumar">{{cite news|last=Kumar|first=Anugrah|title=ISIS Claims Islam Justifies Making 'Infidel' Women Sex Slaves|url=http://www.christianpost.com/news/isis-claims-islam-justifies-making-infidel-women-sex-slaves-128004|agency=CHRISTIAN POST CONTRIBUTOR|work=[[The Christian Post]]|date=13 October 2014|accessdate=1 January 2015}}</ref><ref name="Sypher - Rape">{{cite news|last= Sypher|first= Ford|title= Rape and Sexual Slavery Inside an ISIS Prison|url= http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2014/08/28/rape-and-sexual-slavery-inside-an-isis-prison.html|agency=Horror|work=[[The Daily Beast]]|date= 28 August 2014|accessdate= 5 January 2015}}</ref><ref name="Abdelaziz - ISIS States Justification" /> ISIL appealed to [[Islamic eschatology|apocalyptic beliefs]] and "claimed justification by a Hadith that they interpret as portraying the revival of slavery as a precursor to the end of the world."<ref>Nour Malas, [http://online.wsj.com/articles/ancient-prophecies-motivate-islamic-state-militants-1416357441 "Ancient Prophecies Motivate Islamic State Militants: Battlefield Strategies Driven by 1,400-year-old Apocalyptic Ideas,"] ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]'', November 18, 2014 (accessed November 22, 2014){{subscription required}}</ref> According to ''Dabiq,'' "enslaving the families of the [[kuffar]] and taking their women as concubines is a firmly established aspect of the Sharia’s that if one were to deny or mock, he would be denying or mocking the verses of the Qur'an and the narration of the Prophet … and thereby apostatizing from Islam."<ref name="Kumar"/><ref name="TZ - 10-14-2014">{{cite news|title= ISIL seeks to justify enslaving Yazidi women and girls in Iraq|url= http://www.todayszaman.com/national_isil-seeks-to-justify-enslaving-yazidi-women-and-girls-in-iraq_361547.html |agency=abril|publisher=''[[Today's Zaman]]''|date=14 October 2014|accessdate=2 January 2014}}</ref> In late 2014 ISIL released a pamphlet that focused on the treatment of female slaves.<ref name="Smith - ISIS Publish Pamphlet">Amelia Smith, [http://www.newsweek.com/isis-release-questions-and-answers-pamphlet-how-treat-female-slaves-290511 "ISIS Publish Pamphlet On How to Treat Female Slaves,"] ''[[Newsweek]]'', 12/9/2014</ref><ref name="Our faith condones"/><ref name="Lackey - Pamphlet provides guidelines">Katharine Lackey, [http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2014/12/13/pamphlet-islamic-state-guidelines-sex-slaves/20359049/ "Pamphlet provides Islamic State guidelines for sex slaves,"] ''[[USA Today]]'', December 13, 2014</ref> It says fighters are allowed to have sex with adolescent girls and to beat slaves as discipline. The pamphlet's guidelines also allow fighters to trade slaves, including for sex, as long as they have not been impregnated by their owner.<ref name="Smith - ISIS Publish Pamphlet"/><ref name="Our faith condones">{{cite news|title=Our faith condones raping underage slaves: ISIS publishes shocking guidebook telling fighters how to buy, sell and abuse captured women|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2872884/Our-faith-condones-raping-underage-slaves-ISIS-publishes-shocking-guidebook-telling-fighters-buy-sell-abuse-captured-women.html|author=Abul Taher|work=[[Daily Mail]]|date=13 December 2014}}</ref><ref name="Lackey - Pamphlet provides guidelines"/> | In its digital magazine, ''[[Dabiq (magazine)|Dabiq]]'', the [[Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant]] (ISIL) explicitly claimed religious justification for enslaving Yazidi women (see section following). Specifically, ISIL argued that the Yazidi were idol worshipers and appealed to the [[Shari'ah (Islamic Law)|shariah]] practice of [[Prisoners of war in Islam|spoils of war]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Islamic State Seeks to Justify Enslaving Yazidi Women and Girls in Iraq|url=http://www.newsweek.com/islamic-state-seeks-justify-enslaving-yazidi-women-and-girls-iraq-277100 |accessdate=3 November 2014|work=Newsweek|agency=Reuters|date=13 October 2014}}</ref><ref>Athena Yenko, [http://au.ibtimes.com/articles/569402/20141013/islamic-state-dabiq-magazine-isis-slavery.htm#.VD7r9EnD_Gg "Judgment Day Justifies Sex Slavery Of Women – ISIS Out With Its 4th Edition Of Dabiq Magazine"] ''International Business Times-Australia'', October 13, 2014{{dead link|date=April 2015}}</ref><ref>Allen McDuffee, [http://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2014/10/isis-confirms-and-justifies-enslaving-yazidis-in-new-magazine-article/381394/ "ISIS Is Now Bragging About Enslaving Women and Children,"] ''[[The Atlantic]]'', Oct 13 2014</ref><ref name="Abdelaziz - ISIS States Justification">{{cite news|last=Abdelaziz|first=Salma|title=ISIS states its justification for the enslavement of women|url=http://www.cnn.com/2014/10/12/world/meast/isis-justification-slavery |publisher=[[CNN]]|date=13 October 2014|accessdate=1 January 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Spencer|first=Richard|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/islamic-state/11158797/Thousands-of-Yazidi-women-sold-as-sex-slaves-for-theological-reasons-says-Isil.html|title=Thousands of Yazidi women sold as sex slaves 'for theological reasons', says Isil|date=13 October 2014|work=The Telegraph|accessdate=3 November 2014}}</ref><ref>[http://www.economist.com/news/middle-east-and-africa/21625870-jihadists-boast-selling-captive-women-concubines-have-and-hold "To have and to hold: Jihadists boast of selling captive women as concubines,"] ''[[The Economist]]'', Oct 18th 2014</ref><ref>By AFP, [http://english.alarabiya.net/en/perspective/features/2014/10/13/ISIS-declares-return-of-slavery-.html "ISIS jihadists boast of enslaving Yazidi women,"] ''[[Al Arabiya]]'', October 13, 2014</ref> ISIL asserts that certain [[Hadith]] and [[Qur’an]]ic verses support their right to enslave and rape captive non-Muslim women.<ref name="Kumar">{{cite news|last=Kumar|first=Anugrah|title=ISIS Claims Islam Justifies Making 'Infidel' Women Sex Slaves|url=http://www.christianpost.com/news/isis-claims-islam-justifies-making-infidel-women-sex-slaves-128004|agency=CHRISTIAN POST CONTRIBUTOR|work=[[The Christian Post]]|date=13 October 2014|accessdate=1 January 2015}}</ref><ref name="Sypher - Rape">{{cite news|last= Sypher|first= Ford|title= Rape and Sexual Slavery Inside an ISIS Prison|url= http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2014/08/28/rape-and-sexual-slavery-inside-an-isis-prison.html|agency=Horror|work=[[The Daily Beast]]|date= 28 August 2014|accessdate= 5 January 2015}}</ref><ref name="Abdelaziz - ISIS States Justification" /> ISIL appealed to [[Islamic eschatology|apocalyptic beliefs]] and "claimed justification by a Hadith that they interpret as portraying the revival of slavery as a precursor to the end of the world."<ref>Nour Malas, [http://online.wsj.com/articles/ancient-prophecies-motivate-islamic-state-militants-1416357441 "Ancient Prophecies Motivate Islamic State Militants: Battlefield Strategies Driven by 1,400-year-old Apocalyptic Ideas,"] ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]'', November 18, 2014 (accessed November 22, 2014){{subscription required}}</ref> According to ''Dabiq,'' "enslaving the families of the [[kuffar]] and taking their women as concubines is a firmly established aspect of the Sharia’s that if one were to deny or mock, he would be denying or mocking the verses of the Qur'an and the narration of the Prophet … and thereby apostatizing from Islam."<ref name="Kumar"/><ref name="TZ - 10-14-2014">{{cite news|title= ISIL seeks to justify enslaving Yazidi women and girls in Iraq|url= http://www.todayszaman.com/national_isil-seeks-to-justify-enslaving-yazidi-women-and-girls-in-iraq_361547.html |agency=abril|publisher=''[[Today's Zaman]]''|date=14 October 2014|accessdate=2 January 2014}}</ref> In late 2014 ISIL released a pamphlet that focused on the treatment of female slaves.<ref name="Smith - ISIS Publish Pamphlet">Amelia Smith, [http://www.newsweek.com/isis-release-questions-and-answers-pamphlet-how-treat-female-slaves-290511 "ISIS Publish Pamphlet On How to Treat Female Slaves,"] ''[[Newsweek]]'', 12/9/2014</ref><ref name="Our faith condones"/><ref name="Lackey - Pamphlet provides guidelines">Katharine Lackey, [http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2014/12/13/pamphlet-islamic-state-guidelines-sex-slaves/20359049/ "Pamphlet provides Islamic State guidelines for sex slaves,"] ''[[USA Today]]'', December 13, 2014</ref> It says fighters are allowed to have sex with adolescent girls and to beat slaves as discipline. The pamphlet's guidelines also allow fighters to trade slaves, including for sex, as long as they have not been impregnated by their owner.<ref name="Smith - ISIS Publish Pamphlet"/><ref name="Our faith condones">{{cite news|title=Our faith condones raping underage slaves: ISIS publishes shocking guidebook telling fighters how to buy, sell and abuse captured women|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2872884/Our-faith-condones-raping-underage-slaves-ISIS-publishes-shocking-guidebook-telling-fighters-buy-sell-abuse-captured-women.html|author=Abul Taher|work=[[Daily Mail]]|date=13 December 2014}}</ref><ref name="Lackey - Pamphlet provides guidelines"/> | ||
==Rape in war== | ==Rape in war== |