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According to Ibn Humayd--Salamah--Muhammad b. Ishaq--'Asim b. 'Umar b. Qatadah: 'Awf b. al-Harith, known as Ibn 'Afra', said, "O Messenger of God, what makes the Lord laugh with joy at his servant?" He replied, "Plunging his hand into the enemy without armour." So he took off a coat of mail he was wearing and threw it away; then he took his sword and fought the enemy until he was killed.}} | According to Ibn Humayd--Salamah--Muhammad b. Ishaq--'Asim b. 'Umar b. Qatadah: 'Awf b. al-Harith, known as Ibn 'Afra', said, "O Messenger of God, what makes the Lord laugh with joy at his servant?" He replied, "Plunging his hand into the enemy without armour." So he took off a coat of mail he was wearing and threw it away; then he took his sword and fought the enemy until he was killed.}} | ||
{{Quote|{{Tabari| | {{Quote|{{citation|title=The History of al-Tabari|trans_title=Ta’rikh al-rusul wa’l-muluk|volume=vol. VIII|ISBN=0-7914-3149-5|year=1997|publisher=SUNY Press|author=al-Tabari (d. 923)|editor=Michael Fishbein|url=https://archive.org/details/HistoryAlTabari40Vol/History_Al-Tabari_10_Vol/page/n2028/mode/2up|page=104}}<br>{{citation|title=تاريخ الرسل والملوك|author=أبو جعفر الطبري|url=https://app.turath.io/book/9783|publisher=al-Maktabah al-Shamilah|volume=vol. 2|pages=650-651}}|Heraclius received the following letter from the Messenger of God via Dihyah b. Khalifah al-Kalbi:<br> | ||
:In the name of God, the Merciful and Compassionate. From Muhammad, the Messenger of God, to Heraclius, the ruler of the Romans. Peace to whoever follows right guidance! | |||
:To proceed: Submit yourself, and you shall be safe. Submit yourself, and God shall give you your reward twice over. But, if you turn away, the sin of the Husbandmen shall be upon you.}} | |||
{{Quote|{{Tabari|8|p. 159}}|The people began to throw dust at the army, saying, ‘You retreating runaways. You fled in the Cause of Allah!’ But the Messenger said, ‘They are not fleers. Allah willing, they are ones who will return to fight another day.}} | {{Quote|{{Tabari|8|p. 159}}|The people began to throw dust at the army, saying, ‘You retreating runaways. You fled in the Cause of Allah!’ But the Messenger said, ‘They are not fleers. Allah willing, they are ones who will return to fight another day.}} |