Prophecies in the Hadith: Difference between revisions

Muhammad's prophecies are predictions attributed to him and written hundreds of years after his [[Muhammad's Death|death]]. Many prophecies are considered "signs of the Hour" (Islamic eschatology). Some prophecies are general statements that may apply to times even before Islam, other prophecies predict early Islamic history (which happened before the predictions were written) and some prophecies make predictions about the the future to come after the hadiths were written.

Signs of the Hour indicate that the Hour (and the end of the world) is coming. They were divided by scholars into minor and major. The major signs are contained in this hadith:

Hudhaifa b. Usaid al-Ghifari reported:

The minor signs indicate that the Hour is "getting closer", while the major signs indicate that the Hour will happen immediately after them. The first major sign is coming of the Dajjal and Muhammad thought that it might happen during his life or during life of his companions:

'''The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) mentioned the Dajjal (Antichrist) saying: If he comes forth while I am among you''' I shall be the one who will dispute with him on your behalf, but if he comes forth when I am not among you, a man must dispute on his own behalf, and Allah will take my place in looking after every Muslim. Those of you who live up to his time should recite over him the opening verses of Surat al – Kahf, for they are your protection from his trial. We asked: How long will he remain on the earth ? He replied : Forty days, one like a year, one like a month, one like a week, and rest of his days like yours. We asked : Messenger of Allah, will one day’s prayer suffice us in this day which will be like a year ? He replied : No, you must make an estimate of its extent. Then Jesus son of Marry will descend at the white minaret to the east of Damascus. He will then catch him up at the date of Ludd and kill him."}}

{{Quote| Tirmidhi:4:7:2234 https://sunnah.com/tirmidhi:2234 (hasan)|"Abu 'Ubaidah bin Al-Jarrah said:

==="Prophet, siddiq and two martyrs"===

Narrated Anas bin Malik:

===Places of killed people at the battle of Badr===

..Then the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: This is the place where so and so would be killed. He placed his hand on the earth (saying) here and here; (and) none of them fell away from the place which the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) had indicated by placing his hand on the earth.

}}

===Earthquakes will increase===

It's a part of a longer hadith as one of the signs of the end of the world:

.. and earthquakes will increase in number..

}}

This hadith is classified as mawdu (fabricated). <ref>https://islamqa.info/ar/answers/265083/%D8%AD%D9%88%D9%84-%D8%B5%D8%AD%D8%A9-%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AB-%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86-%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B7-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A9</ref> It's part of a long hadith about coming of the Hour:

{{Quote|al-Tabarani, Mu'jam al-Kabir 10/228 (mawdu')|

}}

===Strong wind===

Muhammad predicted a strong wind on the same day it happened, so there was probably already a wind getting stronger:

..When we reached Tabuk, the Prophet (ﷺ) said, "There will be a strong wind tonight and so no one should stand and whoever has a camel, should fasten it." So we fastened our camels. A strong wind blew at night and a man stood up and he was blown away to a mountain called Taiy..

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===Muhammad's death===

Muhammad predicted that he will die. The prediction doesn't contain any specific information about his death:

I went to the Prophet (ﷺ) during the Ghazwa of Tabuk while he was sitting in a leather tent. He said, "'''Count six signs that indicate the approach of the Hour: my death''', the conquest of Jerusalem, a plague that will afflict you (and kill you in great numbers) as the plague that afflicts sheep, the increase of wealth to such an extent that even if one is given one hundred Dinars, he will not be satisfied; then an affliction which no Arab house will escape, and then a truce between you and Bani Al-Asfar (i.e. the Byzantines) who will betray you and attack you under eighty flags. Under each flag will be twelve thousand soldiers.

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===Muhammad's wife with the longest arm will die first===

Narrated 'Aisha:

===Muhammad's daughter Fatima will die first from his family===

During Muhammad's illness, Fatima was walking like Muhammad, so she also had signs of illness:

`A'isha reported that all the wives of Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) had gathered (in her apartment) '''during the days of his (Prophet's) last illness ''' and no woman was left behind that '''Fatima, who walked after the style of Allah's Messenger''' (ﷺ), came there. He welcomed her by saying:

===A plague kills many Muslims===

I went to the Prophet (ﷺ) during the Ghazwa of Tabuk while he was sitting in a leather tent. He said, "Count six signs that indicate the approach of the Hour: my death, the conquest of Jerusalem, '''a plague that will afflict you (and kill you in great numbers) as the plague that afflicts sheep''', the increase of wealth to such an extent that even if one is given one hundred Dinars, he will not be satisfied; then an affliction which no Arab house will escape, and then a truce between you and Bani Al-Asfar (i.e. the Byzantines) who will betray you and attack you under eighty flags. Under each flag will be twelve thousand soldiers.

}}

There were also abominations happening in Muhammad's time:

Narrated `Aisha:

}}

===Women naked, but dressed (wearing revealing clothes)===

Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) having said this:

There is also a hadith with the same terminology of dressed (كاسيات) and undressed (عاريات) but in a different context:

Narrated Um Salama:

===Widespread adultery===

Anas b. Malik reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying:

This is again a prediction of sin and licentiousness before the end of the world.  

Jabir b. 'Abdullah reported:

It was mentioned among negative things, that indicates that a woman being dominant in marriage is an evil thing. But it appears that the patriarchy was not universal even in Muhammad's time:

===Fire in Hijaz illuminates necks of camels in Busra===

Narrated Abu Huraira:

There was a lava eruption in Hijaz in the year 1256 ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harrat_Rahat Harrat Rahat]) which is considered by Muslims as fulfillment. That's the last eruption, but the eruption before that was in 640 - 641 A.D. during the reign of Umar.<ref>

Volcanic history of the northernmost part of the Harrat Rahat volcanic field, Saudi Arabia

===Making halal what was haram===

Narrated Abu 'Amir or Abu Malik Al-Ash'ari:

===Slave woman gives birth to her master/mistress===

1. When a slave (lady) gives birth to her master.

===Unfulfilled vows===

..then the Prophet (ﷺ) added, 'There will come after you, people who will bear witness without being asked to do so, and will be treacherous and untrustworthy, and '''they will vow and never fulfill their vows''', and fatness will appear among them."

}}

===Making money unlawfully===

Narrated Abu Hurairah (ra):

The Prophet (ﷺ) said "Certainly a time will come when people will not bother to know from where they earned the money, by lawful means or unlawful means."

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Narrated Ubayd ibn Khalid as-Sulami,:

===Following Jews and Christians===

Narrated Abu Sa`id Al-Khudri:

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===Killing [pointless killing]===

Narrated `Abdullah and Abu Musa:

It is not very clear what this refers to, except for a general prediction of violence before the end of times; originally it may have been a reference to the apacolyptic war between the Romans and the Sassanids, but there's not alot of detail to infer that in this hadith as "killing" may describe many events in history.  

===Two parties with the same message will fight===

Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) many ahadith and one of them was this:

===Conquest of Jerusalem===

Narrated `Auf bin Mali:

Furthermore, after the conquest, the Hour was expected to come. Both events occurred nearly a thousand years in the past. This was written by Bukhari two hundred years after the first conquest.  

Narrated Abdullah ibn Hawalah al-Azdi:

===Conquest of Egypt===

Abu Dharr reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying:

===Conquest of Yemen, Syria and Iraq===

Sufyan b. Abu Zuhair heard Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) say:

All conquests happened in the 7th century. Sahih Muslim was written in the 9th century.

===Fighting Turks===

Narrated Abu Huraira:

===Leave the Turks as long as they leave you===

This hadith is often referenced as evidence that Muhammad predicted the Ottoman empire, often ignoring the clause about the Abyssinians

Narrated from Abi Sukainah One of the Companions:

===Fat people===

Narrated `Imran bin Husain:

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===Special greeting===

According to this hadith, everyone should be greeted:

Narrated 'Abdullah bin 'Amr:

In other hadiths however Muhammad was preventing Muslims from greeting certain people based on their religion:

Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying:

===Controversy over the Hadith===

Narrated Al-Miqdam ibn Ma'dikarib:

This hadith, although rated sahih, is almost certainly a v''aticinum ex eventu'' about controversies which took place after the prophet died. It's unlikely that if the prophet himself had said in his lifetime that these things were haram that there would be people claiming that they were actually allowed by the shari'ah.  

Narrated Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-'As:

Ibn Mas’ud reported: The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “Just before the Hour, the greeting of peace will only be given to specific people, trade will proliferate to the point that a woman will help her husband in his business, '''family ties will be severed''' (وَقَطْعُ الأَرْحَامِ), the pen will spread, false testimony will prevail and truthful testimony will be concealed.”

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There is also hadith where Muhammad encourages people to keep the ties of kinship, which indicates they weren't doing it enough in his time:

Killing of family members for the sake of Islam was also approved by Muhammad:

He assembled the people and said: I adjure by Allah the man who has done this action and I adjure him by my right to him that he should stand up. Jumping over the necks of the people and trembling the man stood up.  

===Automobiles (actually camels with lofty saddles)===

Muhammad forbade riding on ''mayathir'' (مياثر) (silk saddles), so mayathir were something already known:

..He forbade us to drink from silver utensils, to wear gold rings, '''to ride on silken saddles (ركوب المياثر)''', to wear silk clothes..

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===Ignorance [of Islamic teachings]===

Narrated `Abdullah and Abu Musa:

Muslims could afford building tall buildings after they got rich from early Islamic conquests.

Narrated Qais bin Abi Hazim:

The imperialistic nature of Islam's spread may have encouraged this type of hypocrisy, and the flood of opportunists joining the ranks of Islam after the conquest is likely the origin of these ahadith:

It is reported on the authority of Abu Huraira that the Messenger of Allah said:

I have been commanded to fight against people so long as they do not declare that there is no god but Allah, and he who professed it was guaranteed the protection of his property and life on my behalf except for the right affairs rest with Allah.

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Narrated `Ikrima:

There was a precedent. Christians and Jews were adorning their places of worship:

Narrated Abdullah ibn Abbas:

===A man passes by a grave and wants to be dead too===

وَحَتَّى يَمُرَّ الرَّجُلُ بِقَبْرِ الرَّجُلِ فَيَقُولُ يَا لَيْتَنِي مَكَانَهُ

According to the hadith, for Muhammad (unlike for most people), talking objects wouldn't even be much miraculous, since he was hearing voices regularly. For example he heard a stone saluting him:

====The land of Arabia reverts to meadows and rivers====

وَحَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا يَعْقُوبُ، - وَهُوَ ابْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْقَارِيُّ - عَنْ سُهَيْلٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ ‏ "‏ لاَ تَقُومُ السَّاعَةُ حَتَّى يَكْثُرَ الْمَالُ وَيَفِيضَ حَتَّى يَخْرُجَ الرَّجُلُ بِزَكَاةِ مَالِهِ فَلاَ يَجِدُ أَحَدًا يَقْبَلُهَا مِنْهُ وَحَتَّى تَعُودَ أَرْضُ الْعَرَبِ مُرُوجًا وَأَنْهَارًا ‏"‏ ‏.‏

===Other Predictions About the Future===

====Coming of Muhammad and the Hour are close like the forefinger and middle finger joined together====

Anas reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying:

====A 7th century boy won't grow very old before the Hour comes====

وَحَدَّثَنِي حَجَّاجُ بْنُ الشَّاعِرِ، حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادٌ، - يَعْنِي ابْنَ زَيْدٍ - حَدَّثَنَا مَعْبَدُ بْنُ هِلاَلٍ الْعَنَزِيُّ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، أَنَّ رَجُلاً، سَأَلَ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ مَتَى تَقُومُ السَّاعَةُ قَالَ فَسَكَتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم هُنَيْهَةً ثُمَّ نَظَرَ إِلَى غُلاَمٍ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ مِنْ أَزْدِ شَنُوءَةَ فَقَالَ ‏ "‏ إِنْ عُمِّرَ هَذَا لَمْ يُدْرِكْهُ الْهَرَمُ حَتَّى تَقُومَ السَّاعَةُ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ قَالَ أَنَسٌ ذَاكَ الْغُلاَمُ مِنْ أَتْرَابِي يَوْمَئِذٍ ‏.‏

}}

...In the meantime, a slave of Al-Mughira passed by, and he was of the same age as I was. The Prophet (ﷺ) said. "If this (slave) should live long, he will not reach the geriatric old age, but the Hour will be established."

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====Nothing will live one hundred years from now====

The "tonight" in ''italic'' was added by translators to accommodate the later re-interpretation:

أَرَأَيْتَكُمْ لَيْلَتَكُمْ هَذِهِ، فَإِنَّ رَأْسَ مِائَةِ سَنَةٍ مِنْهَا لاَ يَبْقَى مِمَّنْ هُوَ عَلَى ظَهْرِ الأَرْضِ أَحَدٌ

When the prophecy failed 100 years later, it was subject to retroactive re-interpretation in Bukhari:

Narrated `Abdullah bin `Umar:

====If 10 scholars of the Jews would follow me, no Jew would be left upon the surface of the earth====

لَوْ تَابَعَنِي عَشْرَةٌ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ لَمْ يَبْقَ عَلَى ظَهْرِهَا يَهُودِيٌّ إِلاَّ أَسْلَمَ

====30 false prophets before the Hour====

Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying:

According to the sira, in Muhammad's time there were other (supposedly false) prophets like Saf ibn Sayyad and Maslamah bin Ḥabīb (called by Muslims "Musaylimah al-Kadhdhāb" (Musaylama the Liar)), Al-Aswad Al-Ansi and Tulayha.

{{Quote|The Bible (NIV), Matthew 24:10-11|

At that time many will turn away from the faith and will betray and hate each other, and many '''false prophets will appear and deceive many people'''.  

====Rising of the Sun from its setting place====

We were sitting in the shade of the chamber of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) discussing (something) and when we mentioned the last hour, our voices rose high. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: The last hour will not come or happen until there appear ten signs before it : '''the rising of the sun in its place of setting''', the coming forth of the beast, the coming forth of Gog and Magog, the Dajjal (Antichrist), (the descent of) Jesus son of Mary, the smoke, and three collapses of the earth: one in the west, one in the east, and one in the Arabian Peninsula. The last of that will be the emergence of a fire from Yemen, from the lowest part of Aden, and drive mankind to their place of assembly.

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The hadith:

Narrated Abu Huraira:

}}

[[Category:Dhul-Qarnayn|Dhul-Qarnayn]]

====Stones and trees say to Muslims: "here is a Jew behind me; come and kill him"====

The last hour would not come unless the Muslims will fight against the Jews and the Muslims would kill them until the Jews would hide themselves behind a stone or a tree and '''a stone or a tree would say: Muslim, or the servant of Allah, there is a Jew behind me; come and kill him'''; but the tree Gharqad would not say, for it is the tree of the Jews.

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According to the hadith, Muhammad himself used to hear voices from stones as well:

====Time will pass more quickly (taqaarub az-zamaan)====

====A man from Qahtan appears, driving the people with his stick====

Narrated Abu Huraira:

====A man called Jahjah will occupy the throne====

Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying:

The coming of the Dajjal was expected right after the conquest:

Narrated Mu'adh ibn Jabal:

Another hadith mentions Romans attacking Dabiq before the conquest of Constantinople. The mention of swords makes it hard to re-interpret as a prophecy about another conquest of Constantinople in the future:

Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying:

Also:

Narrated Mu'adh ibn Jabal:

The conquest of Constantinople was predicted to happen without fighting, whereas in fact a fierce siege preceded the final fall of the city:

Abu Huraira reported Allah's Apostle (may peace he upon him) saying:

====Conquest of Rome====

Nafi' b. Utba reported:

====Byzantines will make truce with Muslims, betray them and attack them====

Narrated `Auf bin Mali:

====No more Khosrau and Caesar====

In Muhammad's time, the ruler of Persia was called Khosrau and the ruler of the Byzantine empire Caesar.

Narrated Abu Huraira:

====Nations will soon call each other to attack Muslims====

The Prophet (ﷺ) said: The people will soon summon one another to attack you as people when eating invite others to share their dish. Someone asked: Will that be because of our small numbers at that time? He replied: No, you will be numerous at that time: but you will be scum and rubbish like that carried down by a torrent, and Allah will take fear of you from the breasts of your enemy and last enervation into your hearts. Someone asked: What is wahn (enervation). Messenger of Allah (ﷺ): He replied: Love of the world and dislike of death.

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====Romans would form a majority amongst people====

Mustaurid Qurashi reported:

====Western people will triumphally follow the truth until the Hour====

It has been narrated by Sa'd b. Abu Waqqas that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:

====Twelve caliphs====

It has been narrated on the authority of Jabir b. Samura who said:

I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: Islam will continue to be triumphant until there have been '''twelve Caliphs'''. Then the Prophet (ﷺ) said something which I could not understand. I asked my father: What did he say? He said: He has said that all of them (twelve Caliphs) will be from the Quraish.

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It has been narrated on the authority of Amir b. Sa'd b. Abu Waqqas who said:

====Group of Muslims will remain victorious until Allah's order====

Narrated Al-Mughira bin Shu`ba:

====Periods of fitnah====

Narrated Abdullah ibn Umar:

====Inheritance is not distributed====

لاَ تَقُومُ حَتَّى لاَ يُقْسَمَ مِيرَاثٌ وَلاَ يُفْرَحَ بِغَنِيمَةٍ  

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====People don't rejoice over spoils of war====

لاَ تَقُومُ حَتَّى لاَ يُقْسَمَ مِيرَاثٌ وَلاَ يُفْرَحَ بِغَنِيمَةٍ  

====Muslims will soon flee to mountains from persecution====

عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُوشِكُ أَنْ يَكُونَ خَيْرَ مَالِ الْمُسْلِمِ غَنَمٌ يَتْبَعُ بِهَا شَعَفَ الْجِبَالِ وَمَوَاقِعَ الْقَطْرِ يَفِرُّ بِدِينِهِ مِنْ الْفِتَنِ

====Pilgrimage to Makka will be abandoned====

Narrated Abu Sa`id Al-Khudri:

====Disappearance of faith====

It is narrated on the authority of Anas that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:

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====Islam will be widespread====

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====The Quran will disappear overnight====

====Islam will end up like a snake crawling back into its hole====

It is narrated on the authority of Ibn 'Umar ('Abdullah b. 'Umar) that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) observed:

In other hadith, Muhammad described belief in Islam as a snake:

Narrated Abu Huraira:

====Countries colonized by Muslims will stop paying them and Muslims will be poor again====

The hadith is in the chapter called "Making Endowments Of The Lands Of As-Sawad, And The Lands That Were Conquered By Force":

Abu Hurairah reported the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) as saying “Iraq will prevent its measure (qafiz) and dirham. Syria will prevent its measure (mudi) and dinar. Egypt will prevent its measure (irdabb) and dinar. Then you will return to the position where you started. Zuhair said this three times. The flesh and blood of Abu Hurairah witnessed it.

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====Buttocks of women of Daus are moving around the Yemenite Kaba====

Narrated Abu Huraira:

It was interpreted metaphorically as a rise of polytheism because the idol was destroyed and the people were killed before it came true :

Jabir reported that there was in pre-Islamic days a temple called '''Dhu'l- Khalasah and it was called the Yamanite Ka'ba''' or the northern Ka'ba. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said unto me:

The goddesses [[Lat]] and [[Uzza]] were worshiped by Arabs before the Islamic conquest of Arabia.

'A'isha reported:

====All believers will be killed by a wind from Allah and only evil people (= non-Muslims) will survive====

'A'isha reported:

Since the hadith literally says "is played upon their heads with musical instruments" (يُعْزَفُ عَلَى رُءُوسِهِمْ بِالْمَعَازِفِ) some claim that it is a prediction of headphones. But it says "played", not "placed" upon their heads, the word "instruments" is in the plural form and the singing girls are obviously real singing girls, while with head phones the singing would be included in the headphones. The interpretation that the word "musical instruments" (معازف) refers to musical instruments fits much better into the context.

Narrated Aisha:

====Medina banishes its evils====

Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying:

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====Nobody will accept charity====

Narrated Haritha bin Wahab:

====Euphrates will uncover a mountain of gold soon====

Narrated Abu Huraira:

Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "'''Soon the river "Euphrates" will disclose the treasure (the mountain) of gold''', so whoever will be present at that time should not take anything of it." Al-A'raj narrated from Abii Huraira that the Prophet (ﷺ) said the same but he said, "It (Euphrates) will uncover a mountain of gold (under it).

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Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger ﷺ as saying: The Last Hour would not come before the Euphrates uncovers a mountain of gold, for which people would fight. Ninety-nine out of each one hundred would die but every man amongst them would say that perhaps he would be the one who would be saved (and thus possess this gold).

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====Gender ratio will be 50 women to 1 men====

I will narrate to you a Hadith and none other than I will tell you about after it. I heard Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) saying: From among the portents of the Hour are (the following): -1. Religious knowledge will decrease (by the death of religious learned men). -2. Religious ignorance will prevail. -3. There will be prevalence of open illegal sexual intercourse. -4. '''Women will increase in number and men will decrease in number so much so that fifty women will be looked after by one man.'''

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====Gog and Magog will drink out  the lake of Tiberias====

And then Allah would send Gog and Magog and they would swarm down from every slope. The first of them would pass the lake of Tiberias and drink out of it. And when the last of them would pass, he would say: There was once water there.

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