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Child Marriage in the Qur'an: Difference between revisions
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→Analysis of Verse in Arabic
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The transliteration of the verse and the meaning of each portion of the verse is given below: | The transliteration of the verse and the meaning of each portion of the verse is given below: | ||
واللائي لم يحضن" فعدتهن ثلاثة أشهر | |||
''Wa Al-Lā'ī Lam Yaĥiđna'' | ''Wa Al-Lā'ī Lam Yaĥiđna'' | ||
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The addition of prefix "Ya" and suffix "na" to the root "HYD" shows that the word is used in used in third person, feminine gender, plural, imperfective aspect.<ref>[[w:Arabic grammar|Arabic grammar]] - Wikipedia</ref> | The addition of prefix "Ya" and suffix "na" to the root "HYD" shows that the word is used in used in third person, feminine gender, plural, imperfective aspect.<ref>[[w:Arabic grammar|Arabic grammar]] - Wikipedia</ref> | ||
The imperfective aspect | The imperfective aspect, by itself lacks any tense feature. <ref name="EB" /> The tensed negatives like ''lam'' ( <font size="3">لَمْ </font> ) (negation in past tense), ''lan'' ( <font size="3">لن</font> ) (negation in future tense), ''laa'' ( <font size="3">لَ</font> ) (negation in present tense) combined with imperfective decide the tense in this case. | ||
Thus ''lam Yadrus لم يدرس'' = He did not study. | Thus ''lam Yadrus لم يدرس'' = He did not study. | ||
In the verse 65:4, '''''Lam Yaĥiđna'' | In the verse 65:4, '''''Lam Yaĥiđna'' = 'those who did not menstruate'.''' | ||
Further the imperfective verb in the context of ''lam'' ( <font size="3">لَمْ </font> ) (past tensed negatives) is in the [[w:Grammatical mood#Jussive|Jussive]] mood(يعني المضارع المجزوم). <ref name="EB" /> | |||
{{Quote||'''The mood is similar to the cohortative mood, in that it expresses plea, insistence, imploring, self-encouragement, wish, desire, intent, command, purpose or consequence.''' In some languages, the two are distinguished in that cohortative occurs in the first person and the jussive in the second or third. It is found in Arabic, where it is called the مجزوم, majzum. The rules governing the jussive in Arabic are somewhat complex. <ref>[[w:Grammatical mood#Jussive|Jussive]] - Wikipedia</ref>|}} | {{Quote||'''The mood is similar to the cohortative mood, in that it expresses plea, insistence, imploring, self-encouragement, wish, desire, intent, command, purpose or consequence.''' In some languages, the two are distinguished in that cohortative occurs in the first person and the jussive in the second or third. It is found in Arabic, where it is called the مجزوم, majzum. The rules governing the jussive in Arabic are somewhat complex. <ref>[[w:Grammatical mood#Jussive|Jussive]] - Wikipedia</ref>|}} | ||
Supporting these meanings, from Lane's lexicon, ''Lam'' ({{arabic| | Supporting these meanings, from Lane's lexicon, ''Lam'' ({{arabic|ل}}) means 'not': | ||
{{Quote|1=Lane's Lexicon for ''Lam''|2=Lam = ل | {{Quote|1=Lane's Lexicon for ''Lam''|2=Lam = ل | ||
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Lane's Lexicon, Volume 2, page: 322, 323<ref>[http://www.studyquran.co.uk/9_HAA.htm ح = Ha] - StudyQuran</ref>}} | Lane's Lexicon, Volume 2, page: 322, 323<ref>[http://www.studyquran.co.uk/9_HAA.htm ح = Ha] - StudyQuran</ref>}} | ||
It | Conclusion: | ||
*It is clear the verse 65:4 is given as a command to be followed (Jussive mood). | |||
*The verse itself refers to those women who did not menstruate(in all of past time until the present time), which can include children or girls before puberty or attainment of [[w:menarche|menarche]] (first period). | |||
Therefore, the exact translation of this portion of {{Quran|65|4}} is ''"Not menstruated yet"'' ( <font size="4">لَمْ يَحِضْنَ</font> ). In Arabic, the menstruating process is called HaiD( <font size="4">حيض</font> ). It is possible to turn this noun into its verb form. Like we do it with menstruation, "menstruate" is yaHiD( <font size="4">يَحِض</font> ). But it is LAM ( <font size="4">لَمْ </font> ) that appears before yaHiD and the NA ( <font size="4">نَ</font> ) associated with yaHiD and this puts Islamic apologists in a quandary because it cannot have any other meaning than ''“Not menstruated yet”''. This is the appropriate English translation. | |||
This verse 65:4 | This verse 65:4 should be read as a continuation of Qur'an 33:49. If a woman who has not been used for sex should not have to observe any Iddah at all, as mentioned in 33:49, what is the reason for the prescribed 'Iddah for those women who have not yet menstruated? This is a clear indication marrying pre-pubescent girls and having sex with them is sanctioned by the Qur'an. | ||
The phrase found in Qur'an 65:4 as "wallaee lam yaHiDhna" واللائي لم يحضن is sometimes mistranslated by [[apologists]]. The exact meaning of the phrase is available in [[Tafsir]]<nowiki/>s. | The phrase found in Qur'an 65:4 as "wallaee lam yaHiDhna" واللائي لم يحضن is sometimes mistranslated by [[apologists]]. The exact meaning of the phrase is available in [[Tafsir]]<nowiki/>s. | ||