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The idea of scripture is central to Islam; above all else, Islam's own scriptures tell of how [[Allah]] has periodically given his followers books throughout the ages, and refers to Islam's co-abrahamic religionists as [[People of the Book]]. The central scripture of Islam is above all the [[Qur'an]], which orthodox Sunni and Shi'i Islam see as the literal word of Allah through his messenger [[Muhammad]]. The Qur'an, | The idea of scripture is central to Islam; above all else, Islam's own scriptures tell of how [[Allah]] has periodically given his followers books throughout the ages, and refers to Islam's co-abrahamic religionists as [[People of the Book]]. The central scripture of Islam is above all the [[Qur'an]], which orthodox Sunni and Shi'i Islam see as the literal word of Allah through his messenger [[Muhammad]]. The Qur'an, however, leaves much to be desired when it comes to even the basics of the Islamic religion, let alone as a guide to all aspects of life. To fill in these gaps as it were, the hadith, narrations about the words and deeds attributed to the prophet are also important. On top of this a very important source is the [[sira]], the writings about the life of the prophet, and the [[tafsir]], learned commentary upon the Qur'an which leverages the other two extra-Quranic scriptures. Although the Qur'an itself is beyond reproach, the other three sources are subject to various degrees of trustworthiness, which have been defined throughout the ages by [[Portal: Traditional Islamic Scholars|the Islamic scholarly community]], The evaluation of hadith, sira, and tafsir for its trustworthiness constitutes a large part of the work done for the Islamic community by its scholars. | ||
==Qur'an== | ==Qur'an== | ||
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{{PortalArticle|image=Quran_Mashaf_Comparisons.jpg|title=Textual History of the Qur'an|summary= The history of the Qur'an as a text comports in many way to the description we have of it in Islamic sources--although there are some discrepancies.|description=}} {{PortalArticle|image=Mariam and Isa Persian.jpg|title=Mary, Sister of Aaron|summary= The author(s) of surat-Maryam, the surah of Mary, seems to be under the mistaken impression that Mary, the mother of Jesus Christ, was also a sister of Aaron, the brother of Moses|description=}}{{PortalArticle|image=Quranvsscience.jpg|title=Scientific Errors in the Quran|summary= Sunni orthodoxy claims that the Qur'an is infallible when it speaks of matters of science, but a close comparison to the scientific undestanding of the text of the Qur'an to modern science shows many revealing mistakes|description=}} {{PortalArticle|image=Quran.PNG|title=Contradictions in the Quran|summary={{Quran|4|82}} makes the confident assertion: "Then do they not reflect upon the Qur'an? If it had been from [any] other than Allah, they would have found within it much contradiction."<BR />This article explains why critics argue that indeed, the Qur'an contains numerous contradictions.|description=}} | {{PortalArticle|image=Quran_Mashaf_Comparisons.jpg|title=Textual History of the Qur'an|summary= The history of the Qur'an as a text comports in many way to the description we have of it in Islamic sources--although there are some discrepancies.|description=}} {{PortalArticle|image=Mariam and Isa Persian.jpg|title=Mary, Sister of Aaron|summary= The author(s) of surat-Maryam, the surah of Mary, seems to be under the mistaken impression that Mary, the mother of Jesus Christ, was also a sister of Aaron, the brother of Moses|description=}}{{PortalArticle|image=Quranvsscience.jpg|title=Scientific Errors in the Quran|summary= Sunni orthodoxy claims that the Qur'an is infallible when it speaks of matters of science, but a close comparison to the scientific undestanding of the text of the Qur'an to modern science shows many revealing mistakes|description=}} {{PortalArticle|image=Quran.PNG|title=Contradictions in the Quran|summary={{Quran|4|82}} makes the confident assertion: "Then do they not reflect upon the Qur'an? If it had been from [any] other than Allah, they would have found within it much contradiction."<BR />This article explains why critics argue that indeed, the Qur'an contains numerous contradictions.|description=}} | ||
</div><div class="articleSummaryColumn"> | </div><div class="articleSummaryColumn"> | ||
{{PortalArticle|image=Sana'a1 Stanford '07 recto lowertext image.jpg|title=Sana'a Manuscript|summary= The majority of the manuscripts of the Qur'an which are today extant seem to be descended from the recension that was ordered created by the caliph [[Uthman]], and show a remarkable uniformity | {{PortalArticle|image=Sana'a1 Stanford '07 recto lowertext image.jpg|title=Sana'a Manuscript|summary= The majority of the manuscripts of the Qur'an which are today extant seem to be descended from the recension that was ordered created by the caliph [[Uthman]], and show a remarkable uniformity. However, a palimpset, or impression of an erased Qur'an manuscript, was found in the Yemeni city of Sana'a in the 1970s. It reveals a manuscript with some remarkable differences from the accepted Uthmanic recension|description=}} {{PortalArticle|image=Naskh.png|title=Naskh (Abrogation)|summary= Many verses in the Qur'an disagree with each other, sometimes on important points; the doctrine of Naskh explains which verses take precedence in any given conflict, and how this is decided by the scholars.|description=}} | ||
{{PortalArticle|image=Asbabannuzul.png|title=Asbab al-Nuzul (Revelational Circumstances of the Quran)|summary= This special page is a series of resources for the English-speaking student, researcher or reader as opposed to an encyclopedia article. It contains all of the [[surah|suwar]] of the Qur'an along with the associated asbab al-nuzul or "revelational circumstances", explaining how the Islamic tradition sees the circumstances of each revelation.|description=}} | {{PortalArticle|image=Asbabannuzul.png|title=Asbab al-Nuzul (Revelational Circumstances of the Quran)|summary= This special page is a series of resources for the English-speaking student, researcher or reader as opposed to an encyclopedia article. It contains all of the [[surah|suwar]] of the Qur'an along with the associated asbab al-nuzul or "revelational circumstances", explaining how the Islamic tradition sees the circumstances of each revelation.|description=}} | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
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===Other articles in this section=== | ===Other articles in this section=== | ||
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*[[Parallels Between the Qur'an and Late Antique Judeo-Christian Literature]] | |||
*[[List of Abrogations in the Qur'an]] | |||
*[[Al-Nurayn and Al-Wilaya]] | *[[Al-Nurayn and Al-Wilaya]] | ||
*[[Word Count Miracles in the Qur'an]] | *[[Word Count Miracles in the Qur'an]] | ||
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*[[Qur'anic Christology]] | *[[Qur'anic Christology]] | ||
*[[Jibreel (Gabriel) and al-Ruh al-Qudus (the Holy Spirit) in the Qur'an]] | *[[Jibreel (Gabriel) and al-Ruh al-Qudus (the Holy Spirit) in the Qur'an]] | ||
*[[Qur'an]] | *[[Qur'an]] | ||
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*[[Zakah and blessing word count in the Qur'an]] | *[[Zakah and blessing word count in the Qur'an]] | ||
*[[Word Count Miracles in the Qur'an]] | *[[Word Count Miracles in the Qur'an]] | ||
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*[[The History of al-Tabari]] | *[[The History of al-Tabari]] | ||
*[[ | *[[The Farewell Sermon]] | ||
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