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Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Caring for Orphans: Difference between revisions
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Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Caring for Orphans (view source)
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{{QualityScore|Lead=4|Structure=4|Content=4|Language=4|References=4}} | |||
{{QuranHadithScholarsIndex}} | |||
The Quran has many verses on the topic of caring for orphans. This seems to have been a topic close to the heart of the author as Muhammad was himself an orphan according to the {{Quran|93|6}}. Orphans are often mentioned alongside the poor in verses about charity and giving food. The early part of surah al-Nisa covers the distribution of property inherited by orphans and guidance on their marriage. | |||
==Quran== | |||
===Spend and do good for orphans=== | |||
{{Quote|{{Quran-range|93|6|10}}|Did He not find you an orphan and give [you] refuge? | |||
And He found you lost and guided [you], | |||
And He found you poor and made [you] self-sufficient. | |||
So as for the orphan, do not oppress [him]. | |||
And as for the petitioner, do not repel [him].}} | |||
{{Quote|{{Quran-range|107|1|3}}|Have you seen the one who denies the Recompense? For that is the one who drives away the orphan And does not encourage the feeding of the poor.}} | |||
{{Quote|{{Quran-range|89|15|20}}|And as for man, when his Lord tries him and [thus] is generous to him and favors him, he says, "My Lord has honored me." But when He tries him and restricts his provision, he says, "My Lord has humiliated me." No! But you do not honor the orphan And you do not encourage one another to feed the poor. And you consume inheritance, devouring [it] altogether, And you love wealth with immense love.}} | |||
{{Quote|{{Quran-range|90|14|16}}|Or feeding on a day of severe hunger An orphan of near relationship Or a needy person in misery}} | |||
{{Quote|{{Quran|2|83}}|And [recall] when We took the covenant from the Children of Israel, [enjoining upon them], "Do not worship except Allah; and to parents do good and to relatives, orphans, and the needy. And speak to people good [words] and establish prayer and give zakah." Then you turned away, except a few of you, and you were refusing.}} | |||
{{Quote|{{Quran|2|177}}|Righteousness is not that you turn your faces toward the east or the west, but [true] righteousness is [in] one who believes in Allah , the Last Day, the angels, the Book, and the prophets and gives wealth, in spite of love for it, to relatives, orphans, the needy, the traveler, those who ask [for help], and for freeing slaves; [and who] establishes prayer and gives zakah; [those who] fulfill their promise when they promise; and [those who] are patient in poverty and hardship and during battle. Those are the ones who have been true, and it is those who are the righteous.}} | |||
{{Quote|{{Quran|2|215}}|They ask you, [O Muhammad], what they should spend. Say, "Whatever you spend of good is [to be] for parents and relatives and orphans and the needy and the traveler. And whatever you do of good - indeed, Allah is Knowing of it."}} | |||
{{Quote|{{Quran|4|36}}|Worship Allah and associate nothing with Him, and to parents do good, and to relatives, orphans, the needy, the near neighbor, the neighbor farther away, the companion at your side, the traveler, and those whom your right hands possess. Indeed, Allah does not like those who are self-deluding and boastful.}} | |||
{{Quote|{{Quran|76|8}}|And they give food in spite of love for it to the needy, the orphan, and the captive,}} | |||
===Distribution of war booty=== | |||
{{Quote|{{Quran|8|41}}|And know that anything you obtain of war booty - then indeed, for Allah is one fifth of it and for the Messenger and for [his] near relatives and the orphans, the needy, and the [stranded] traveler, if you have believed in Allah and in that which We sent down to Our Servant on the day of criterion - the day when the two armies met. And Allah, over all things, is competent.}} | |||
{{Quote|{{Quran|59|7}}|And what Allah restored to His Messenger from the people of the towns - it is for Allah and for the Messenger and for [his] near relatives and orphans and the [stranded] traveler - so that it will not be a perpetual distribution among the rich from among you. And whatever the Messenger has given you - take; and what he has forbidden you - refrain from. And fear Allah; indeed, Allah is severe in penalty.}} | |||
===The property of orphans=== | |||
{{Quote|{{Quran|6|152}}|And do not approach the orphan's property except in a way that is best until he reaches maturity. And give full measure and weight in justice. We do not charge any soul except [with that within] its capacity. And when you testify, be just, even if [it concerns] a near relative. And the covenant of Allah fulfill. This has He instructed you that you may remember.}} | |||
{{Quote|{{Quran|17|34}}|Come not near the wealth of the orphan save with that which is better till he come to strength; and keep the covenant. Lo! of the covenant it will be asked.}} | |||
{{Quote|{{Quran|4|2}}|And give to the orphans their properties and do not substitute the defective [of your own] for the good [of theirs]. And do not consume their properties into your own. Indeed, that is ever a great sin.}} | |||
{{Quote|{{Quran|4|6}}|And test the orphans [in their abilities] until they reach marriageable age. Then if you perceive in them sound judgement, release their property to them. And do not consume it excessively and quickly, [anticipating] that they will grow up. And whoever, [when acting as guardian], is self-sufficient should refrain [from taking a fee]; and whoever is poor - let him take according to what is acceptable. Then when you release their property to them, bring witnesses upon them. And sufficient is Allah as Accountant.}} | |||
{{Quote|{{Quran|4|8}}|And when [other] relatives and orphans and the needy are present at the [time of] division, then provide for them [something] out of the estate and speak to them words of appropriate kindness.}} | |||
{{Quote|{{Quran|4|10}}|Indeed, those who devour the property of orphans unjustly are only consuming into their bellies fire. And they will be burned in a Blaze}} | |||
===Marriage of orphans=== | |||
{{Quote|{{Quran|4|3}}|And if you fear that you will not deal justly with the orphan girls, then marry those that please you of [other] women, two or three or four. But if you fear that you will not be just, then [marry only] one or those your right hand possesses. That is more suitable that you may not incline [to injustice].}} | |||
{{Quote|{{Quran|4|127}}|And they request from you, [O Muhammad], a [legal] ruling concerning women. Say, "Allah gives you a ruling about them and [about] what has been recited to you in the Book concerning the orphan girls to whom you do not give what is decreed for them - and [yet] you desire to marry them - and concerning the oppressed among children and that you maintain for orphans [their rights] in justice." And whatever you do of good - indeed, Allah is ever Knowing of it.}} | |||
==Hadiths== | |||
{{Quote|{{Bukhari|7|62|2}}|Narrated 'Urwa: | |||
that he asked `Aisha about the Statement of Allah: 'If you fear that you shall not be able to deal justly with the orphan girls, then marry (other) women of your choice, two or three or four; but if you fear that you shall not be able to deal justly (with them), then only one, or (the captives) that your right hands possess. That will be nearer to prevent you from doing injustice.' (4.3) `Aisha said, "O my nephew! (This Verse has been revealed in connection with) an orphan girl under the guardianship of her guardian who is attracted by her wealth and beauty and intends to marry her with a Mahr less than what other women of her standard deserve. So they (such guardians) have been forbidden to marry them unless they do justice to them and give them their full Mahr, and they are ordered to marry other women instead of them."}} | |||
{{Quote|{{Ibn Majah||5|33|3679}}|It was narrated from Abu Hurairah that the Messenger of Allah(ﷺ) said: | |||
"The best house among the Muslims is a house in which there is an orphan who is treated well. And the worst house among the Muslims is a house in which there is an orphan who is treated badly."}} | |||
{{Quote|{{Bukhari|6|60|99}}|Narrated Aisha: | |||
regarding the Statement of Allah: "And whoever amongst the guardian is rich, he should take no wages, but if he is poor, let him have for himself what is just and reasonable (according to his work). This Verse was revealed regarding the orphan's property. If the guardian is poor, he can take from the property of the orphan, what is just and reasonable according to his work and the time he spends on managing it.}} | |||
==References== | |||
{{Reflist|30em}} | |||
[[Category:QHS]] | |||