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It has traditionally been taken for granted that the Qur'an was composed in Classical Arabic. But recent research, pioneered by Ahmad Al-Jallad of Ohio University and Marijn Van Putten of the University of Leiden, has shown that the Qur'an was actually composed in a different language, which they call Old Hijazi, the ancient vernacular dialect of the Hijaz region which includes Makkah and Medina.<ref>{{cite book | author = Marijn van Putten | date = 2022 | title = Quranic Arabic: From Its Hijazi Origins to Its Classical Reading Traditions | publisher = Brill | pages = 216 | isbn = 978-90-04-50624-4 | oclc = 1280309082 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=HDG5zgEACAAJ}}</ref> | It has traditionally been taken for granted that the Qur'an was composed in Classical Arabic. But recent research, pioneered by Ahmad Al-Jallad of Ohio University and Marijn Van Putten of the University of Leiden, has shown that the Qur'an was actually composed in a different language, which they call Old Hijazi, the ancient vernacular dialect of the Hijaz region which includes Makkah and Medina.<ref>{{cite book | author = Marijn van Putten | date = 2022 | title = Quranic Arabic: From Its Hijazi Origins to Its Classical Reading Traditions | publisher = Brill | pages = 216 | isbn = 978-90-04-50624-4 | oclc = 1280309082 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=HDG5zgEACAAJ}}</ref><ref>Ahmad Al-Jallad. The Damascus Psalm Fragment. p59</ref> | ||
Old Hijazi has two hallmarks that distinguishes it from classical Arabic and the Quranic reading traditions: | Old Hijazi has two hallmarks that distinguishes it from classical Arabic and the Quranic reading traditions: |