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Islamic Views on the Shape of the Earth: Difference between revisions
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Islamic Views on the Shape of the Earth (view source)
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'''And it is He who spread the earth''' and placed therein firmly set mountains and rivers; and from all of the fruits He made therein two mates; He causes the night to cover the day. Indeed in that are signs for a people who give thought.}} | '''And it is He who spread the earth''' and placed therein firmly set mountains and rivers; and from all of the fruits He made therein two mates; He causes the night to cover the day. Indeed in that are signs for a people who give thought.}} | ||
مَدَدْ = madad (madda) = extend by drawing or pulling, stretch out, expand<ref name="LanesLexiconMadda">مد madda (مدد) - [http://www.studyquran.org/LaneLexicon/Volume7/00000223.pdf Lane's Lexicon] page 2695</ref> | مَدَدْ = madad (madda) = extend by drawing or pulling, stretch out, expand<ref name="LanesLexiconMadda">مد madda (مدد) - [http://www.studyquran.org/LaneLexicon/Volume7/00000223.pdf Lane's Lexicon] page 2695</ref> | ||
The Quran describes a reversal of this process occurring on the last day. It says the mountains will be removed and the earth left as a level plain ({{Quran|18|47}} and {{Quran-range|20|105|107}}, discussed in more detail below) while {{Quran|84|3}} says the Earth will be ''muddat'' i.e. the Arabic verb ''madad'' in the passive voice. | |||
===Qur'an 15:19 - ''madad'' ("extend", "stretch out")=== | ===Qur'an 15:19 - ''madad'' ("extend", "stretch out")=== | ||
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Also in accord with this picture are {{Quran|31|10}} and similar verses which state that mountains were cast upon the earth to prevent it from shaking and {{Quran-range|78|6|7}} (quoted above) in which Allah spread out the earth and made the mountains as pegs. | Also in accord with this picture are {{Quran|31|10}} and similar verses which state that mountains were cast upon the earth to prevent it from shaking and {{Quran-range|78|6|7}} (quoted above) in which Allah spread out the earth and made the mountains as pegs. | ||
Similar language about the removal of mountains leaving a level plain appears in the Bible: | |||
{{Quote|1=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah%2040&version=NIV Isaiah 40:3-5]|2=A voice of one calling: “In the wilderness prepare the way for the Lord[a]; make straight in the desert a highway for our God.<BR /> | |||
Every valley shall be raised up, every mountain and hill made low; the rough ground shall become level, the rugged places a plain.<BR /> | |||
And the glory of the Lord will be revealed, and all people will see it together. For the mouth of the Lord has spoken.”}} | |||
===Qur'an 20:105-107 - when the mountains are scattered, the Earth is a level plain=== | ===Qur'an 20:105-107 - when the mountains are scattered, the Earth is a level plain=== | ||
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{{quote |1=[http://m.qtafsir.com/Surah-Al-Baqara/The-Beginning-of-the-Creation Tafsir of Ibn Kathir for 2:29] (See [https://tafsir.app/ibn-katheer/2/29 here] for the Arabic)|2=These Ayat indicate that Allah started creation by creating earth, then He made heaven into seven heavens. This is how building usually starts, with the lower floors first and then the top floors, as the scholars of Tafsir reiterated, as we will come to know, Allah willing.}} | {{quote |1=[http://m.qtafsir.com/Surah-Al-Baqara/The-Beginning-of-the-Creation Tafsir of Ibn Kathir for 2:29] (See [https://tafsir.app/ibn-katheer/2/29 here] for the Arabic)|2=These Ayat indicate that Allah started creation by creating earth, then He made heaven into seven heavens. This is how building usually starts, with the lower floors first and then the top floors, as the scholars of Tafsir reiterated, as we will come to know, Allah willing.}} | ||
A similar concept occurs in the Bible (another Quranic parallel with Isaiah chapter 40 is shown in the Q. 18:47 section above): | |||
{{Quote|1=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah%2040&version=NIV Isaiah 40:22]|2=He sits enthroned above the circle of the earth, and its people are like grasshoppers. He stretches out the heavens like a canopy, and spreads them out like a tent to live in.}} | |||
==Flat Earth in the hadiths== | ==Flat Earth in the hadiths== | ||