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Pre-Islamic Arab Religion in Islam: Difference between revisions
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→General Judeo-Christian Monotheism in Arabia: Added another reference to Jews settling to a South Arabian city Hadramaut pre-Islam.
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(→General Judeo-Christian Monotheism in Arabia: Have added further Jewish and Christian pre-Islamic groups in Arabia in more areas of Arabia from Muḥammad and His Followers in Context: The Religious Map of Late Antique Arabia: 209 (Islamic History and Civilization) Nov. 2023. Ilkka Lindstedt (Author)) |
(→General Judeo-Christian Monotheism in Arabia: Added another reference to Jews settling to a South Arabian city Hadramaut pre-Islam.) |
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Fisher, Greg. Arabs and Empires before Islam (p. 129-130). OUP Oxford. | Fisher, Greg. Arabs and Empires before Islam (p. 129-130). OUP Oxford. | ||
''If one takes into account that no known inscription contemporary to this period displays an orientation favourable to Christianity, one can conclude that the H ˙ imyarite rulers had founded a new religion inspired from Judaism, called ‘Rah˙mānism’ by A. F. L. Beeston, although the term ‘Judaeo-Monotheism’ is preferable. This new religion formalized a type of belief in Judaism seen elsewhere in the Mediterranean world, whose followers might be called ‘fearers of God’ (metuentes and theosebeis).7 It is relevant to note that one H ˙ imyarite inscription clearly reflects this notion, asking that ‘God, Lord of the Sky and the Earth, grants | fear (s ˙ bs¹, probably a borrowing from Greek sebas) of His Name’ (see 3.5).'' </ref> Which was later conquered by the Christian Kingdom of Aksum temporarily in the 6th century, spreading their influence until the Persians invaded in the latter half of the century.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/place/Aksum-ancient-kingdom-Africa Aksum] | ancient kingdom, Africa | Historical Places | Geography & Travel. Britannica Entry</ref> | ''If one takes into account that no known inscription contemporary to this period displays an orientation favourable to Christianity, one can conclude that the H ˙ imyarite rulers had founded a new religion inspired from Judaism, called ‘Rah˙mānism’ by A. F. L. Beeston, although the term ‘Judaeo-Monotheism’ is preferable. This new religion formalized a type of belief in Judaism seen elsewhere in the Mediterranean world, whose followers might be called ‘fearers of God’ (metuentes and theosebeis).7 It is relevant to note that one H ˙ imyarite inscription clearly reflects this notion, asking that ‘God, Lord of the Sky and the Earth, grants | fear (s ˙ bs¹, probably a borrowing from Greek sebas) of His Name’ (see 3.5).'' </ref> Which was later conquered by the Christian Kingdom of Aksum temporarily in the 6th century, spreading their influence until the Persians invaded in the latter half of the century.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/place/Aksum-ancient-kingdom-Africa Aksum] | ancient kingdom, Africa | Historical Places | Geography & Travel. Britannica Entry</ref> Furthermore, as El-Badawi (2024) records "there is evidence from the Talmud, possibly dating to ca. 400 CE, that priests expelled by Josiah’s purging of the temple fled Jerusalem for Arabia. They reportedly settled among the Ishmaelites and reached as far as Hadramaut in South Arabia."<ref>El-Badawi, Emran. ''Female Divinity in the Qur’an: In Conversation with the Bible and the Ancient Near East (p. 185).'' Springer Nature Switzerland. Kindle Edition.</ref> | ||
As alluded to, regardless of tracing exact terms, academic scholarship has long recognised the penetration of Judeo-Christian Monotheism into the Arabian peninsula and among Arab tribes long before Islam. These would have provided both the stories and general concepts to the Hijaz, whether through Christian and Jewish tribes living side-by-side with the Quran's initial community, or simply through travellers telling stories and/or proselytizing, the movement of slaves who knew them, trade and commerce, pilgrimage etc. | As alluded to, regardless of tracing exact terms, academic scholarship has long recognised the penetration of Judeo-Christian Monotheism into the Arabian peninsula and among Arab tribes long before Islam. These would have provided both the stories and general concepts to the Hijaz, whether through Christian and Jewish tribes living side-by-side with the Quran's initial community, or simply through travellers telling stories and/or proselytizing, the movement of slaves who knew them, trade and commerce, pilgrimage etc. | ||