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Embryology in Islamic Scripture: Difference between revisions
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Automated script replacing USC-MSA hadith numbering system for Bukhari, Muslim, and Abu Dawud
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There are a handful of additional ayaat that deal with this subject, and none of them disagree with this basic scenario. Yet there is more to learn from the hadith, particularly that of Bukhari and Muslim. Again, the accounts are quite consistent, and the additional information they provide is important. The first of these tells us about developmental timing: | There are a handful of additional ayaat that deal with this subject, and none of them disagree with this basic scenario. Yet there is more to learn from the hadith, particularly that of Bukhari and Muslim. Again, the accounts are quite consistent, and the additional information they provide is important. The first of these tells us about developmental timing: | ||
{{Quote|{{Bukhari| | {{Quote|{{Bukhari|||3208|darussalam}}|Narrated 'Abdullah bin Mus'ud: | ||
“Allah's Apostle, the true and truly inspired said, "(The matter of the Creation of) a human being is put together in the womb of the mother in forty days, and then he becomes a clot of thick blood for a similar period, and then a piece of flesh for a similar period.”}} | “Allah's Apostle, the true and truly inspired said, "(The matter of the Creation of) a human being is put together in the womb of the mother in forty days, and then he becomes a clot of thick blood for a similar period, and then a piece of flesh for a similar period.”}} | ||
These exact details are also given in {{Bukhari| | These exact details are also given in {{Bukhari|||3332|darussalam}}, {{Bukhari|||6594|darussalam}}, {{Bukhari|||7454|darussalam}}, and {{Muslim||2643a|reference}}. | ||
The key information gained from all these ahadith are that the three phases (nutfah, alaqah and mudghah) each takes 40 days, for a total period of 120 days from conception to the point at which the embryo becomes a fetus. | The key information gained from all these ahadith are that the three phases (nutfah, alaqah and mudghah) each takes 40 days, for a total period of 120 days from conception to the point at which the embryo becomes a fetus. | ||
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One additional piece of testable scientific information is available in the hadith. It has to do with the point at which gender is determined. A representative hadith would be the following from Sahih Bukhari: | One additional piece of testable scientific information is available in the hadith. It has to do with the point at which gender is determined. A representative hadith would be the following from Sahih Bukhari: | ||
{{Quote|{{Bukhari| | {{Quote|{{Bukhari|||6595|darussalam}}|Narrated Anas bin Malik: | ||
“The Prophet said, "Allah puts an angel in charge of the uterus and the angel says, 'O Lord, (it is) semen! O Lord, (it is now) a clot! O Lord, (it is now) a piece of flesh.' And then, if Allah wishes to complete its creation, the angel asks, 'O Lord, (will it be) a male or a female?”}} | “The Prophet said, "Allah puts an angel in charge of the uterus and the angel says, 'O Lord, (it is) semen! O Lord, (it is now) a clot! O Lord, (it is now) a piece of flesh.' And then, if Allah wishes to complete its creation, the angel asks, 'O Lord, (will it be) a male or a female?”}} | ||
This detail is repeated in {{Bukhari| | This detail is repeated in {{Bukhari|||3333|darussalam}} and {{Muslim||2646|reference}}, and all of them are quite clear that the embryo is neither male nor female until after the mudghah phase is reached, some 80 days (by Islamic counting) after conception. | ||
So, then, these are the details of embryology as reflected in the Qur’an and the hadith. | So, then, these are the details of embryology as reflected in the Qur’an and the hadith. | ||