Sirat Rasul Allah: Difference between revisions

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(Edit grammatical and tonal flow while maintaining tone neutrality. Crossed-out the last sentence as its content is anecdotal and heavily disputed through multiple sources. I will be happy to research this point further, write copy, and provide sources.)
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'''Sirat Rasul Allah''' (سيرة رسول الله ''Life of the Messenger of Allah'') is the Arabic term used for the biographies of Prophet [[Muhammad]]. Together the sirat and the [[hadith]] constitute the [[sunnah]] (''way‎/example'') of the prophet which is an integral part of [[Islam]], forming the basis of many Islamic [[Islamic Law|practices and laws]], including the [[Five Pillars of Islam|Five Pillars]].
'''Sirat Rasul Allah''' (<small>Arabic: سيرة رسول الله, Romanization: S''īrat Rasūl-Allāh,'' Abv: ''Sirat''</small>), or '''Biography of the Prophet of Allah''', refers to the collected biographies of [[Muhammad]]. In addition to the [[hadith]] (oral account of [[Muhammad]]'s statements and actions), the Sirat provides an integral foundation to the [[sunnah]] (example, customs, and practices) set forth by [[Muhammad]]. Throughout Islamic history, the Sirat and [[Sunnah]] have established the foundation of much of [[Islamic Law|Islamic Law (Shariah)]] and [[Fiqh (Islamic Jurisprudence)|Jurisprudence (Fiqh)]], including but not limited to the [[Five Pillars of Islam|Five Pillars of Islam]], societal code, and dietary standards.


Muhammad ibn Ishaq ibn Yasār (more commonly known simply as ''Ibn Ishaq'') (704-770 AD) was an Arab Muslim historian from Medina, responsible for a book titled - eponymously to the genre - ''Sirat Rasul Allah'', a collection of hadith that is arranged in chronological order, forming the earliest and most relied upon biography of Muhammad. This, along with the [[Qur'an]] and hadith, are sometimes referred to as the [http://www.cspipublishing.com/ Trilogy of Islam], as all major doctrines are found within these three texts.
Muhammad ibn Ishaq ibn Yasār (704-770 AD), commonly known as ''Ibn Ishaq'', was responsible for the earliest-known collection of Hadith arranged in chronological order, eponymously known as ''Sirat Rasul Allah'' (Biography of the Prophet of Allah). This collective biographical account is the earliest and most heavily relied upon biography of [[Muhammad]]. Along with the [[Qur'an]] and [[Hadith]], are commonly referred to as the [http://www.cspipublishing.com/ Trilogy of Islam], as all major doctrines are found within these three sources.


Ishaq's work, while not available in its original entirety, has survived substantially through the works of his editors, most notably Ibn Hisham and [[Tabari|Ibn Jarir al-Tabari]]. According to Islamic scholar Fred Donner at the University of Chicago, the material in ibn Hisham's and al-Tabari's recensions are "virtually the same".<ref>Donner, Fred McGraw (1998). Narratives of Islamic origins: the beginnings of Islamic historical writing. Darwin Press. p. 132. ISBN 9780878501274</ref> However, some material found in al-Tabari is not preserved by ibn Hisham. For example, al-Tabari includes the episode of the [[Satanic Verses]], while ibn Hisham does not.<ref>Raven, Wim, Sīra and the Qurʾān – Ibn Isḥāq and his editors, Encyclopaedia of the Qur'an. Ed. Jane Dammen McAuliffe. Vol. 5. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill Academic Publishers, 2006. p29-51.</ref><ref>Cf., Ibn Ishaq [Guillaume's reconstruction, at 165-167] and al-Tabari [SUNY edition, at VI: 107-112]</ref>
Ibn Ishaq's work, while the original manuscripts have not survived, is substantially extant through revisions of his editors, most notably Ibn Hisham and [[Tabari|Ibn Jarir al-Tabari]]. According to Islamic scholar Fred Donner at the University of Chicago, the material in ibn Hisham's and al-Tabari's recensions are "virtually the same."<ref>Donner, Fred McGraw (1998). Narratives of Islamic origins: the beginnings of Islamic historical writing. Darwin Press. p. 132. ISBN 9780878501274</ref> However, some material found in al-Tabari was deliberately not preserved by ibn Hisham, most notably al-Tabari's inclusion of the episode known as the [[Satanic Verses]].<ref>Raven, Wim, Sīra and the Qurʾān – Ibn Isḥāq and his editors, Encyclopaedia of the Qur'an. Ed. Jane Dammen McAuliffe. Vol. 5. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill Academic Publishers, 2006. p29-51.</ref><ref>Cf., Ibn Ishaq [Guillaume's reconstruction, at 165-167] and al-Tabari [SUNY edition, at VI: 107-112]</ref>


The majority of Islamic scholars, past and present, approve of Ibn Ishaq's sira, as well as those of Ibn Hisham, Tabari, and Ibn Saa'd.  
<s>The majority of Islamic scholars, past and present, approve of Ibn Ishaq's Sirat, as well as those of Ibn Hisham, Tabari, and Ibn Saa'd.</s>


{{Core Scripture}}
{{Core Scripture}}
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