Prophecies in the Hadith: Difference between revisions

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*7th century Arabs didn't have the concept of "an hour" meaning 60 minutes. An hour (ساعة) just meant a period of time [shorter than a day]. <ref>AR: https://islamqa.info/ar/answers/140286/%D9%85%D8%A7-%D9%87%D9%88-%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A9-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AB-%D9%88%D9%87%D9%84-%D9%87%D9%88-%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%AF%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%82%D8%A9</ref>

*Most prophecies are linked to the Hour

===The caliphate will last 30 years===

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*Tirmidhi, author of this hadith collection, was born in 824, more than 100 years after the end of the caliphate

*The hadith in it's text is in the context of discussion about previous caliphates

*The political system after the first caliphate, was still called a caliphate. There was some form of caliphate until the 20th century

==="Prophet, siddiq and two martyrs"===

===Khawarij===

According to Islamic scholars, this hadith is about the coming of the Khawarij:

It was narrated that 'Ali said:

"I heard the Messenger of Allah [SAW] say: 'At the end of time there will appear young people with foolish minds. Their faith will not pass through their throats, and they will go out of Islam as an arrow goes through the target. If you meet them, then kill them, for killing them will bring reward to the one who killed them on the Day of Resurrection.'"

===Places of killed people at the battle of Badr===

..Then the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: This is the place where so and so would be killed. He placed his hand on the earth (saying) here and here; (and) none of them fell away from the place which the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) had indicated by placing his hand on the earth.

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===Earthquakes will increase===

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Rifa'ah bin Rafi' said:

I heard Abu Bakr as-Siddeeq say on the minbar of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) : I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say, and Abu Bakr wept when he remembered the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) , then he recovered and said. I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say, in this '''hot weather''' (القيظ) last year: `Ask Allah for forgiveness, well-being and certainty of faith in the Hereafter and in this world.”

The context is that it will be a sign that the Hour is coming. But Muhammad died more than a thousand years ago and the Hour didn't come.

===A plague kills many Muslims===

===Sexual immorality (abominations)===

It was narrated that ‘Abdullah bin ‘Umar said:

“The Messenger of Allah ﷺ turned to us and said: ‘O Muhajirun, there are five things with which you will be tested, and I seek refuge with Allah lest you live to see them: '''Immorality never appears among a people to such an extent that they commit it openly, but plagues and diseases that were never known among the predecessors will spread among them'''. They do not cheat in weights and measures but they will be stricken with famine, severe calamity and the oppression of their rulers. They do not withhold the Zakah of their wealth, but rain will be withheld from the sky, and were it not for the animals, no rain would fall on them. They do not break their covenant with Allah and His Messenger, but Allah will enable their enemies to overpower them and take some of what is in their hands. Unless their leaders rule according to the Book of Allah and seek all good from that which Allah has revealed, Allah will cause them to fight one another.’”

Then he said to them: “Nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom. There will be great earthquakes, famines and '''pestilences''' in various places, and fearful events and great signs from heaven.

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===Women naked, but dressed (wearing revealing clothes)===

{{Quote|{{Muslim|24|5310}}|

Al-Nawawi lived in the 13th century.

{{Quote|{{Al Nasai||3|24|2959}}|

It was narrated from Saeed bin Jubair that Ibn Abbas said:

One night the Prophet (ﷺ) got up and said, "Subhan Allah! How many afflictions Allah has revealed tonight and how many treasures have been sent down (disclosed). Go and wake the sleeping lady occupants of these dwellings up (for prayers), perhaps a well '''dressed''' (كاسية) in this world may be '''naked''' (عارية) in the Hereafter."

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{{Quote|{{Muslim|8|3249}}|

Jabir b. 'Abdullah reported:

We contracted temporary marriage giving a handful of (tales or flour as a dower during the lifetime of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and during the time of Abu Bakr until 'Umar forbade it in the case of 'Amr b. Huraith.

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===Men obey their wives===

The hadith is daif:

Ali bin Abi Talib narrated that the Messenger of Allah(s.a.w) said:

"When my Ummah does fifteen things, the afflictions will occur in it." It was said: "What are they O Messenger of Allah?" He said: "When Al-Maghnam (the spoils of war) are distributed (preferentially), trust is usurped, Zakah is a fine, '''a man obeys his wife''' and disobeys his mother, he is kind to his friend and abandons his father, voices are raised in the Masajid, the leader of the people is the most despicable among them, the most honored man is the one whose evil the people are afraid of, intoxicants are drunk, silk is worn (by males), there is a fascination for singing slave-girls and music, and the end of this Ummah curses its beginning. When that occurs, anticipate a red wind, collapsing of the earth, and transformation."

It was mentioned among negative things, that indicates that a woman being dominant in marriage is an evil thing. But it appears that the patriarchy was not universal even in Muhammad's time:

{{Quote|{{Bukhari|3|43|648}}|Narrated 'Abdullah bin 'Abbas: ...We, the people of Quraish, used to have authority over women, but when we came to live with the Ansar, we noticed that '''the Ansari women had the upper hand over their men''', so our women started acquiring the habits of the Ansari women. Once I shouted at my wife and she paid me back in my coin and I disliked that she should answer me back....}}

===Fire in Hijaz illuminates necks of camels in Busra===

https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/geosphere/article/14/3/1253/529993/Volcanic-history-of-the-northernmost-part-of-the</ref>  

So there was a precedent. The unspecified date of occurrence makes this prediction one that might be referenced perennially

===Slave woman gives birth to her master/mistress===

According to Nawawi, the opinion of the majority of scholars is that Muslims will enslave non-Muslim women and have kids with them and the kids will be masters of their mothers because the kids are Muslims. <ref>https://quranacademy.io/blog/an-nawawis-hadith-2-hadith-of-jibreel-3/</ref> Ibn Hajar (who lived later) didn't like this interpretation, because the enslavement was already happening during the time of Muhammad, so it wasn't really a prophecy of the future.

'Abdullah said, 'From the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, who said, "Before the Final Hour people will single out one individual for the greeting, commerce will increase until '''a woman helps her husband in business''', people will sever their links with their relatives, knowledge will spread, false testimony will appear and true testimony will be concealed."

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===Injustice===

{{Quote|Al-Adab Al-Mufrad 485 (sahih)|

Ibn 'Umar reported that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Injustice will appear as darkness on the Day of Rising."

===False testimony===

..false testimony will appear and true testimony will be concealed.

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===Cheating in weights (scales)===

It was narrated that ‘Abdullah bin ‘Umar said:

“The Messenger of Allah ﷺ turned to us and said: ‘O Muhajirun, there are five things with which you will be tested, and I seek refuge with Allah lest you live to see them: Immorality never appears among a people to such an extent that they commit it openly, but plagues and diseases that were never known among the predecessors will spread among them. '''They do not cheat in weights and measures but they will be stricken with famine, severe calamity and the oppression of their rulers'''. They do not withhold the Zakah of their wealth, but rain will be withheld from the sky, and were it not for the animals, no rain would fall on them. They do not break their covenant with Allah and His Messenger, but Allah will enable their enemies to overpower them and take some of what is in their hands. Unless their leaders rule according to the Book of Allah and seek all good from that which Allah has revealed, Allah will cause them to fight one another.’”

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===Making money unlawfully===

The Prophet (ﷺ) said "Certainly a time will come when people will not bother to know from where they earned the money, by lawful means or unlawful means."

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{{Quote|Sirat Rasul Allah 428, Tabari VII:29|

Then the apostle heard that Abu Sufyan b. Harb was coming from Syria with a large caravan of Quraysh, containing their money and merchandise, accompanied by some thirty or forty men." Mohammad said, "This is the Quraysh caravan containing their property, Go out to attack it, perhaps God will give it as prey,

===Usury (riba)===

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===Sudden deaths===

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Narrated Ubayd ibn Khalid as-Sulami,:

===Islam will be unpleasant for Muslims (like burning ember/coal in hand)===

Anas bin Malik narrated that the Messenger of Allah(s.a.w) said:

"There shall come upon the people a time in which the one who is patient upon his religion will be like the one holding onto a burning ember."

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===Following Jews and Christians===

The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "You will follow the ways of those nations who were before you, span by span and cubit by cubit (i.e., inch by inch) so much so that even if they entered a hole of a mastigure, you would follow them." We said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! (Do you mean) the Jews and the Christians?" He said, "Whom else?"

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===Killing [pointless killing]===

{{Quote|{{Bukhari|9|88|184}}|

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===Two parties with the same message will fight===

{{Quote|{{Muslim|41|6902}}|

===Ammar will be killed===

Narrated Abu Hurairah:

that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Rejoice, 'Ammar, the transgressing party shall kill you."

Furthermore, Persia was already conquered a thousand years before by Alexander the Great. And at the time of Muhammad Persia was exhausted by wars with Romans which lasted from 54 BC to 628 AD (681 years).

===Conquest of Jerusalem===

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===Conquest of Egypt===

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===Spoils of war distributed preferentially===

{{Quote|Tirmidhi 2211 (daif)|

إِذَا اتُّخِذَ الْفَىْءُ دُوَلاً  

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Al-Fai mean spoils of war.

===Fat people===

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===Special greeting===

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{{Quote|{{Bukhari|1|2|12}}|

Narrated 'Abdullah bin 'Amr:

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{{Quote|Sunan Abi Dawud 4604 /  Book 41, Hadith 4587 /  Book 42, Hadith 9|

Narrated Al-Miqdam ibn Ma'dikarib:

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{{Quote|Reference: Sunan Abi Dawud 3646, In-book reference: Book 26, Hadith 6, English translation: Book 25, Hadith 3639|

Narrated Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-'As:

I used to write everything which I heard from the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ). I intended (by it) to memorise it. The Quraysh prohibited me saying: '''Do you write everything that you hear from him while the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) is a human being: he speaks in anger and pleasure?''' So I stopped writing, and mentioned it to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ). He signalled with his finger to him mouth and said: Write, by Him in Whose hand my soul lies, only right comes out from it.

===Liars will be trusted and honest people will be regarded as liars===

{{Quote|Sunan Ibn Majah Vol. 5, Book 36, Hadith 4036 (hasan)|

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==="The pen will spread"===

Ibn Mas’ud reported: The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “Just before the Hour, the greeting of peace will only be given to specific people, trade will proliferate to the point that a woman will help her husband in his business, '''family ties will be severed''' (وَقَطْعُ الأَرْحَامِ), the pen will spread, false testimony will prevail and truthful testimony will be concealed.”

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There is also hadith where Muhammad encourages people to keep the ties of kinship, which indicates they weren't doing it enough in his time:

He sat before the Prophet (peace be upon him) and said: Apostle of Allah! I am her master; she used to abuse you and disparage you. I forbade her, but she did not stop, and I rebuked her, but she did not abandon her habit. I have two sons like pearls from her, and she was my companion. Last night she began to abuse and disparage you. So I took a dagger, put it on her belly and pressed it till I killed her.

   

{{Quote|Tabrani, al-Muʿjam al-Kabīr 10/228 and Mu'jan al-Awsat 4861 (da'eef)|

“From among the signs of Qiyamah is that people will maintain ties with '''distant relatives and strangers''' (الأطباق) but sever ties with close family.”

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*[https://hadithanswers.com/is-satellite-communication-a-sign-of-qiyamah/ Fatwa against the modern interpretation]

===Ignorance [of Islamic teachings]===

The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Near the establishment of the Hour there will be days during which '''Religious ignorance will spread''', knowledge will be taken away (vanish) and there will be much Al-Harj, and Al- Harj means killing."}}

===Tall buildings===

..and when '''you see barefoot, naked, destitute shepherds''' competing in constructing tall buildings

}}The Bible contained a story of the Tower of Babel, Egyptians built pyramids. The desire and ability to construct tall buildings appears to has been common in history.

There were people in the 7th century building buildings that could be considered tall in that time. Ibn Hajar wrote in his famous commentary on Sahih Bukhari:

يتطاول الناس في البنيان وهي من العلامات التي وقعت عن قرب في زمن النبوة  

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{{Quote|{{Bukhari|7|70|576}}|

Narrated Qais bin Abi Hazim:

Sayyiduna '''‘Abdullah ibn ‘Amr''' (radiyallahu ‘anhuma) is reported to have said: “……When you see tunnels/canals being dug in Makkah Mukarramah and the buildings (of Makkah Mukarramah) higher than the peak of the mountains then know that Qiyamah is close.”

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===Voices raised in mosques===

"When my Ummah does fifteen things, the afflictions will occur in it." It was said: "What are they O Messenger of Allah?" He said: "When Al-Maghnam (the spoils of war) are distributed (preferentially), trust is usurped, Zakah is a fine, a man obeys his wife and disobeys his mother, he is kind to his friend and abandons his father, voices are raised in the Masajid, '''the leader of the people is the most despicable among them''', the most honored man is the one whose evil the people are afraid of, intoxicants are drunk, silk is worn (by males), there is a fascination for singing slave-girls and music, and the end of this Ummah curses its beginning. When that occurs, anticipate a red wind, collapsing of the earth, and transformation."

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==Predictions of the future (after the hadiths)==

====Mountains will move====

This hadith is da'eef (Ufayr bin Ma'daan is in the chain):

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The Old Testament already has a story about a talking serpent:

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{{Quote|{{Muslim|30|5654}}|Jabir b. Samura reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) as saying: I recognise '''the stone in Mecca which used to pay me salutations''' before my advent as a Prophet and I recognise that even now.}}

The Hour would not come until there is too much rain, but the earth does not produce crops

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===Other Predictions About the Future===

====Coming of Muhammad and the Hour are close like the forefinger and middle finger joined together====

When would the Last Hour come? Thereupon Allah's Messenger (way peace be upon him) kept quiet for a while. Then looked at a young boy in his presence belonging to the tribe of Azd Shanu'a and he said: If this boy lives he would not grow very old till the Last Hour would come ''to you''. Anas said that this young boy was of our age during those days.

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====Nothing will live one hundred years from now====

{{Quote|{{Bukhari|1|3|116}}|

Narrated `Abdullah bin `Umar:

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====If 10 scholars of the Jews would follow me, no Jew would be left upon the surface of the earth====

Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying:

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====30 false prophets before the Hour====

The Last Hour would not come until there would arise about thirty impostors, liars, and each one of them would claim that he is a messenger of Allah.

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False prophets were also already predicted in the Bible:

Have you not considered the one who argued with Abraham about his Lord [merely] because Allah had given him kingship? When Abraham said, "My Lord is the one who gives life and causes death," he said, "I give life and cause death." Abraham said, "Indeed, '''Allah brings up the sun from the east''', so bring it up from the west." So the disbeliever was overwhelmed [by astonishment], and Allah does not guide the wrongdoing people.

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====Stones and trees say to Muslims: "here is a Jew behind me; come and kill him"====

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{{Quote|{{Muslim|30|5654}}|Jabir b. Samura reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) as saying: I recognise '''the stone in Mecca which used to pay me salutations''' before my advent as a Prophet and I recognise that even now.}}

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====A man called Jahjah will occupy the throne====

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Another hadith adds that the Hour was expected to come with this conquest:

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{{Quote|{{Muslim|41|6979}}|

Abu Huraira reported Allah's Apostle (may peace he upon him) saying:

You have heard about a city, one side of which is on land and the other is in the sea ('''Constantinople'''). They said: Allah's Messenger, yes. Thereupon he said: The Last Hour would not come unless seventy thousand persons from Bani lshaq would attack it. When they would land there, '''they will neither fight with weapons nor would shower arrows but would only say: "There is no god but Allah and Allah is the Greatest," ''' and one side of it would fall. Thaur (one of the narrators) said: I think that he said: The part by the side of the ocean. Then they would say for the second time: "There is no god but Allah and Allah is the Greatest" and the second side would also fall, and they would say: "There is no god but Allah and Allah is the Greatest," and the gates would be opened for them and they would enter therein and, they would be collecting spoils of war and distributing them amongst themselves when a noise would be heard saying: Verily, Dajjal has come. And thus they would leave everything there and go back.

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====Conquest of Rome====

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====Byzantines will make truce with Muslims, betray them and attack them====

What is mentioned in the hadith of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah have mercy on him), which was narrated by Na‘eem ibn Hammaad, about '''the conquest of India has not happened up till now''', but it will happen when ‘Eesaa ibn Maryam (peace be upon him) descends, if the hadith that says that is saheeh.

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====Nations will soon call each other to attack Muslims====

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====Romans would form a majority amongst people====

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====Twelve caliphs====

I have researched for long to understand this hadith and referred to many references and made much enquiries about it, yet I did not meet anyone who could understand it.

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====Rain which will destroy all dwellings except tents====

{{Quote|Musnad Ahmad 7554 (sahih)|

حدثنا عبد الله حدثني أبي ثنا أبو كامل وعفان قالا ثنا حماد عن سهيل قال عفان في حديثه قال أنا سهيل بن أبي صالح عن أبيه عن أبي هريرة قال قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه و سلم : لا تقوم الساعة حتى يمطر الناس مطرا لا تكن منه بيوت المدر ولا تكن منه الا بيوت الشعر

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====12 thousand from Aden Abyan will make Islam victorious====

Out of Aden-Abyan will come 12000, giving victory to the (religion of) Allah and His Messenger. They are the best between me and them.

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The Quran will vanish in one night. No verse in the scripture or in the heart of anyone will be left behind.

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Polytheism has become less popular with time.

====Abundance of deaths by lightning====

====Wine, musical instruments and singing girls will turn Muslims into monkeys and pigs====

{{Quote|Reference: Sunan Ibn Majah 4020, In-book reference: Book 36, Hadith 95, English translation: Vol. 5, Book 36, Hadith 4020|

It was narrated from Abu Malik Ash’ari that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:

“People among my nation will drink wine, calling it by another name, and musical instruments will be played for them and singing girls (will sing for them). Allah will cause the earth to swallow them up, and will turn them into monkeys and pigs.”

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Muhammad himself listened to singing girls, perhaps he was in a better mood since it was the day of Eid:{{Quote|{{Bukhari|2|15|72}}|

For death no man can hold back Though he drink the perfumed potions of the quack.  

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====Nobody will accept charity====

{{Quote|{{Bukhari|2|24|492}}|

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{{Quote|Sunan Ibn Majah, Vol. 5, Book of Tribulations, Hadith 4019|

It was narrated that ‘Abdullah bin ‘Umar said:

{{Quote|Sahih Muslim 7:6953/2909c|

Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger ﷺ as saying: It would be an Abyssinian having two small shanks who would destroy the House ol Allah, the Exalted and Glorious.

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Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "'''Soon the river "Euphrates" will disclose the treasure (the mountain) of gold''', so whoever will be present at that time should not take anything of it." Al-A'raj narrated from Abii Huraira that the Prophet (ﷺ) said the same but he said, "It (Euphrates) will uncover a mountain of gold (under it).

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Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger ﷺ as saying: The Last Hour would not come before the Euphrates uncovers a mountain of gold, for which people would fight. Ninety-nine out of each one hundred would die but every man amongst them would say that perhaps he would be the one who would be saved (and thus possess this gold).

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====Gender ratio will be 50 women to 1 men====

{{Quote|{{Bukhari|1|3|81}}|

I will narrate to you a Hadith and none other than I will tell you about after it. I heard Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) saying: From among the portents of the Hour are (the following): -1. Religious knowledge will decrease (by the death of religious learned men). -2. Religious ignorance will prevail. -3. There will be prevalence of open illegal sexual intercourse. -4. '''Women will increase in number and men will decrease in number so much so that fifty women will be looked after by one man.'''

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====Seventy-three sects====

Narrated Abu Hurairah:

that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "The Jews split into seventy-one sects, or seventy-two sects, and the Christians similarly, and my Ummah will split into seventy-three sects."

====Emergence of Sufyani====

{{Quote|al-Mustadrak 4/520 (da'eef)|

يخرج رجل يقال له السفياني في عمق دمشق ، وعامة من يتبعه من كلب ، فيقتل حتى يبقر بطون النساء ويقتل الصبيان ، فتجمع لهم قيس فيقتلها حتى لا يمنع ذنب تلعة ، ويخرج رجل من أهل بيتي في الحرة فيبلغ السفياني فيبعث إليه جنداً من جنده فيهزمهم ، فيسير إليه السفياني بمن معه ، حتى إذا صار ببيداء من الأرض خسف بهم ، فلا ينجو منهم إلا المخبر عنهم

Anas narrated that the Messenger of Allah(s.a.w) said:

"The Dajjal will come to Al-Madinah to find the angels have surrounded it. Neither the plague nor the Dajjal will enter it, if Allah wills."

====Jesus will break the cross, kill the pigs and abolish Jizyah====

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====Gog and Magog will successfully dig through the wall====

External:

*[https://detechter.com/15-ancient-hindu-predictions-that-have-come-true/#List_of_15_Ancient_Hindu_Prophecy_From_Bhagavata_Purana 15 Hindu predictions] - ''Comparing and contrasting Islamic prophecies with those of other religions' scriptures predictions is instructive''

==References==

<references />