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...ntastic tales of the doings of Jesus from [[Parallelism Between the Qur'an and Judeo-Christian Scriptures|apocryphal]] literature. {{Main|Virgin Conception of Jesus in the Qur'an}}

...distance. Whereas Islamic law was formulated in the harsh, unpredictable, and austere environment of 7th-9th century Arabia, modern Human rights doctrine .... On occasion, the scriptures diverge from this standard, inclusive usage, and comment specifically on men or women. The perspective taken by Islamic scri

...ller minority that of civil violence, the overwhelming majority of Islamic scholars today embrace the tradition of Islamic violence in all three respects. ==Muhammad==

...Muslim government is the second-class citizenship of [[Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Dhimmitude|dhimmitude]]. {{Main|Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Apostasy}}

This article is about the use of camel urine as medicine in the [[Hadith]]s and how such usage is viewed in the Muslim world. ...go to the (herd of milch) camels of charity and to '''drink''', their milk and '''urine''' (as a medicine).}}

...an escatalogical context and has been of considerable interest to academic scholars. ...Within three to nine years. To Allah belongs the command before and after. And that day the believers will rejoice<BR />

...s or highlight a hadith stating that Muhammad himself never struck a woman and narrations claiming that the instruction in his farewell sermon referred to {{Main|Wife Beating in Islamic Law|Wife Beating in the Qur'an}}

...h bin Abdul Muttalib (عبدالله بن عبد المطلب‎‎). Father of Islam's prophet, Muhammad. The name literally means "Slave of Allah". ...father Muhammad’s wife Aisha. Abu Bakr was the first Caliph of Islam after Muhammad’s death.

...system is that they are not allowed to repair or build anew their churches and synagogues - damaged architecture must remain so.]] ...onner|author-link=Michael Bonner|title=Jihad in Islamic History: Doctrines and Practice|publisher=[[Princeton University Press]]|year=2008|page=89|isbn=97

...ted by the scholars as requiring that the dhimmi suffers blows to his body and neck while in the process of paying the tax. Historically the pressure of t ==Qur'an==

...bn Ishaq]]. These sources imparts to their readers many ideas, attributes, and habits of the prophet, all of which are held up by the ulemaa' as model beh ...وة حسنة, ''uswa hasana'') for him who looketh unto Allah and the Last Day, and remembereth Allah much.}}

[[Category:Islam and Science]] [[Category:Qur'an]]

...mber of houris that will be awarded to [[Martyr|martyrs]] (see "72 Virgins Hadith Narrations" below). ...and all will have appetizing vaginas.''" - Al-Suyuti, Al-Itqan fi Ulum al-Qur'an, p. 351</ref>

...her companions. In affect, according the majority of authors, he only knew Muhammad during the latter part of his life: at most he knew the prophet for 4 years ...e became the governor of Bahrain during the reign of ‘Umar Ibn al-Khattâb, and he subsequently abandoned the post then became emir of Madinah under the ca

...dith]], and [[scholars]] place many restrictions on what the believers can and cannot do. ==Qur'an==

...t its verses as alluding to the process. This article describes the verses and arguments that are sometimes employed for such purposes, as well as those c ...backed by multiple lines of evidence, including overwhelming DNA evidence and the numerous fossils of pre-Homo sapiens species that lived on earth for mi

...Ibn Ishaq]]. These sources impart to their readers many ideas, attributes, and habits of the prophet, all of which are held up by the ulemaa' as model beh ...nformation in modern academic scholarship, as well as by Islamic modernist scholars.

...'Umariyya) (637 AD) is an agreement between a subdued Christian population and the Muslim invaders led by ''Umar Ibn Al-Khattab'', the second [[Rashidun C ...by Islam and, by extension, Umar's pact, still dictate how many revivalist and fundamentalist Muslims would like to see non-Muslims in Muslim society trea

...s, and believers who commit sins against Allah may also be sent there. The hadith also adds in the curious detail that most of the inhabitants of hell are/sh ==Qur'an==

...Jews in relation to the prophet Ezra) and are thus subject to destruction and doom eternal in the Fire. ==Qur'an==

...Jews in relation to the prophet Ezra) and are thus subject to destruction and doom eternal in the Fire. ==Qur'an==

...gs of the Arab-Israeli conflict, while others trace it to the 19th century and possible influence from Arab Christians. ...(being executed, expelled, [[Slavery|enslaved]], and extorted by [[Sahabah|Muhammad's companions]] in [[Medina]]).

...pg|210px|right|thumb|''Mein Kampf'' is a best-seller in the Islamic World, and is often sold along-side religious literature.<ref name="Alastair Lawson">A ...this, modern Islamic anti-Jewish polemics often feature in Arab book-fairs and bookstores alongside Arabic translations of Hitlers ''Mein Kumpf'' (sometim

...hari%27ah_(Islamic_Law)#Interfaith_Marriage|annulment of their marriages]] and other consequences when local religious authorities pressure families to fo ...adition as inauthentic, in line with their relative skepticism towards the hadith corpus.

...mountains that is holding back a tribe of people; it likely never existed and was originally a legendary embellishment of the original Alexander legend. ...xander spread, so too did the claims of his miraculous deeds grow in scope and size.

...rization of this idea include the [[Apologists|apologists]] [[Zakir Naik]] and the Saudi-financed surgeon [[Bucailleism|Dr. Maurice Bucaille]]. ...scription a specific time period in which mountains were supposedly formed and Allah having cast them into the earth.

...arization of this idea include the [[Apologists|apologist]] [[Zakir Naik]] and the Saudi-financed surgeon [[Bucailleism|Dr. Maurice Bucaille]]. ...scription a specific time period in which mountains were supposedly formed and Allah having cast them into the earth.

[[Category:Islam and Science]] ...cientific subject has been described with sufficient clarity, specificity, and accuracy as to qualify as anything Miraculous.

...should be), could not easily be reconciled with what they held to be basic and incontrovertible facts about history. ...Qur'an, however, apparently implies as much, leading some to conclude that Muhammad misunderstood Christian doctrine.{{Quote|{{Quran|5|116}}|

...hy in their own right. Presented in no particular order are hadith, tafsir and fatwa material which do not fit into any other category but which never the ==Muhammad humiliates Satan the genie by choking him with his bare hands==

[[Category:Islam and Science]] ...cientific subject has been described with sufficient clarity, specificity, and accuracy as to qualify as anything Miraculous.

...hy in their own right. Presented in no particular order are hadith, tafsir and fatwa material which do not fit into any other category but which never the ==Muhammad humiliates Satan the genie by choking him with his bare hands==

...e general principles of fighting are pre-emptive and defensive throughout, and emphasise the hostile environment in which the believers found themselves ( ==Muhammad Had a Divine Right to Conquer Others==

...of war, constantly interested in gaining booty and expanding his holdings and the dominion of the believers. ==Muhammad Had a Divine Right to Conquer Others==

...y expansion and explanation of the former by Islamic jurists and scholars, and the term Shari'ah is also often applied to its body of law. ...a Hasana|uswa hasana]] (perfect example). Since both the practice of Islam and its laws are based on the same source, they are inseparable from one anothe

This page is linked to multiple times by templates. Its sections and their titles should NOT be altered or re-arranged without consulting an adm | subject = Islam, Muslim and <BR>Middle Eastern history

...early Islamic history (which happened before the predictions were written) and some prophecies make predictions about the the future to come after the had And '''the Day the Hour''' appears the criminals will swear they had remained b

...f the time, caused future generations to have doubts about its perfection, and on a scale that critics contend is an overwhelming weakness. {{Main|Geocentrism and the Quran|l1=Geocentrism and the Qur'an}}

...erent beliefs, the claim itself is generally not taken seriously by modern scholars. ...ing the Qur'an and to the audience. As such borrowings are to be expected, and in a semi-literate culture before the advent of the printing press differen

...s Muhammad as having been sensitive to criticism, particularly from poets, and he ordered that a number of poets who had made verses inveighing against hi {{Quote|{{citation|title=The Life of Muhammad|trans_title=Sirat Rasul Allah|ISBN=0-19-636033-1|year=1955|publisher=Oxford

...erent beliefs, the claim itself is generally not taken seriously by modern scholars. ...ing the Qur'an and to the audience. As such borrowings are to be expected, and in a semi-literate culture before the advent of the printing press differen

{{Main|Geocentrism and the Quran|l1=Geocentrism and the Qur'an}} ...«terme nommé» (en utilisant un mot arabe différent). Une autre version du hadith ci-dessus soutient probablement ce point de vue (pour plus de détails sur

...was thus a fundamental part of early Islam according to its own tradition and a central occupation of its prophet. ...yyad court. For further discussion see [[List of expeditions of Muhammad]] and [[Jihad in Islamic Law]].

...was thus a fundamental part of early Islam according to its own tradition and a central occupation of its prophet. ...ding us (with his sword). Allah then defeated them. They were then brought and began to take the oath of allegiance to him for Islam...}}