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...ah's Apostle, and Allah will never neglect him." '''Then Sura Al-Fath (The Victory) was revealed."''' }} {{Quote|{{Quran-wi|48|1}}|Lo! We have given thee (O Muhammad) a signal victory,}}

...//tanzil.net/pub/ebooks/History-of-Quran.pdf|2=2011-05-13}} The History of the Quran] - Al-Tawheed Vol. 4, No. 3; Vol. 5, No. 1, 2, & 3</ref><ref>[{{Refer |1||[[The Holy Qur'an: Al-Alaq (The Clot)|Al-Alaq]]||19||La Meca||96

|1||[[The Holy Qur'an: Al-Alaq (The Clot)|Al-Alaq : L’Adhérence]]||19||La Mecque||96 |2||[[The Holy Qur'an: Al-Qalam (The Pen)|Al-Qalam : La Plume (Calame)]]||52||La Mecque||68

...//tanzil.net/pub/ebooks/History-of-Quran.pdf|2=2011-05-13}} The History of the Quran] - Al-Tawheed Vol. 4, No. 3; Vol. 5, No. 1, 2, & 3</ref><ref>[{{Refer |1 ||[[The Holy Qur'an: Al-Alaq (The Clot)|Al-Alaq]]||Kapka přilnavá ||19 ||Mekka ||96||العَلَق nebo

...onologically based on when they were first created. Other key events from the first two centuries of Islamic history are also listed for reference. Many *~634 [[#Doctrina Jacobi|Doctrina Jacobi]] : "Prophet who has appeared with the Saracens"

...me in the Quran are prophecies of an escatalogical nature, i.e. concerning the last day. In Surah al-Rum, there is also a prophecy concerning contemporary ==The Romans (Byzantines) have been defeated in the nearest land - Quran 30:2-7==

...ngly, and some argue exclusively, as a doctrine of military conquest, with the reference to internal struggle being a metaphorical usage. ...-jihad.html Offensive Jihad Vs. Defensive Jihad] - Islamic Emirate Online, The Fiqh Department</ref>}}

...ute the Dar al-Islam as opposed to a single unified state has complexified the debate. ...ese perspectives have fallen out of favor in recent times, particularly in the West among diasporic Muslim communities.

...izyah]] and subjection to Islamic political dominion and the strictures of the [[dhimma]]. 3. Fighting until death. ...m of the ''dhimmi'' in question<ref>{{cite book|last1=Yeʼor|first1=B|title=The decline of Eastern Christianity under Islam|date=2011|publisher=Madison, NJ

...ute the Dar al-Islam as opposed to a single unified state has complexified the debate. ...ese perspectives have fallen out of favor in recent times, particularly in the West among diasporic Muslim communities.

...his gold), and had earlier killed her father, and profoundly possessed by the conviction that he was a prophet of [[Allah (God)|Allah]]. ...he Glorious, defeated them (the inhabitants of Khaibar), and there fell to the lot of Dihya a beautiful girl, and Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) got her in excha

...rturing her husband in order to find his gold) and profoundly possessed by the conviction that he was a prophet of [[Allah (God)|Allah]]. ...he Glorious, defeated them (the inhabitants of Khaibar), and there fell to the lot of Dihya a beautiful girl, and Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) got her in excha

...dia of the Islamic World''. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on 11 February 2017. ...e was God's Messenger (''rasūl Allāh''), called to be a "warner," first to the Arabs and then to all humankind.</q>

...am, a fact which explains the huge amount of material the Muslims wrote on the subject. ==Qur'an==

...n a non-military sense, for example the 'Umrah pilgrimage which appears in the list below. A ghazwa (pl. ghazawat) is an expedition in which Muhammad hims ==The sῑra-maghāzī literature==

...s a typical Arab battle commander, very concerned with booty and driven by the need to acquire more of it. ...9|6}}|What Allah has bestowed on His Messenger (and taken away) from them [the Jews] - for this ye made no expedition with either cavalry or camelry: but

...s a typical Arab battle commander, very concerned with booty and driven by the need to acquire more of it. ...9|6}}|What Allah has bestowed on His Messenger (and taken away) from them [the Jews] - for this ye made no expedition with either cavalry or camelry: but

| name = The History of al-Tabari<BR>Volumes 1-40 | image = [[File:The History of al-Tabari.jpg|150px]]

...the prophet Ezra) and are thus subject to destruction and doom eternal in the Fire. ==Qur'an==

...the prophet Ezra) and are thus subject to destruction and doom eternal in the Fire. ==Qur'an==

...itional Islamic sources.[[Dawah|Islamic apologists and du'aah]] often make the claim that he married many of these women because they were widows, elderly ...to those brides between 28 and 40 while the “middle-aged” group would mean the teenagers.

...d to the beginnings of the Arab-Israeli conflict, while others trace it to the 19th century and possible influence from Arab Christians. ...in punishments at the hand of God (being turned into pigs and apes) and at the hand of [[Muhammad]] (being executed, expelled, [[Slavery|enslaved]], and e

...mages-nazism-0022.jpg|210px|right|thumb|''Mein Kampf'' is a best-seller in the Islamic World, and is often sold along-side religious literature.<ref name= ...ties permitted to keep to their faiths under Islamic rule, in recent times the Islamic intellectual, social, and political milieu has grafted itself onto

[[File:Alexander the Great.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Alexander the Great depicted with horns on a silver tetradrachm of Lysimachos, circa 297- ...e; it likely never existed and was originally a legendary embellishment of the original Alexander legend.

...he biblical timeline (although of course far from the now-known history of the universe as at least over 13 billion years old). ==Qur'an==

...he biblical timeline (although of course far from the now-known history of the universe as at least over 13 billion years old). ==Qur'an==

...e and defensive throughout, and emphasise the hostile environment in which the believers found themselves (for more discussion, see [[Jihad in Islamic Law ...His hand, you have conquered no city, neither shall you conquer any until the Day of Resurrection, but that Muhammad was given its keys beforehand."}}

...interested in gaining booty and expanding his holdings and the dominion of the believers. ...His hand, you have conquered no city, neither shall you conquer any until the Day of Resurrection, but that Muhammad was given its keys beforehand."}}

...ssical Islamic scholars noted that there were certain historical claims in the Quran and hadith which, taken literally (as Islamic orthodoxy holds they sh ===Mary as part of the Trinity===

...n) and some prophecies make predictions about the the future to come after the hadiths were written. Prophecies in this article are from the hadiths. Quranic prophecies have a [[Quranic Prophecies|separate article]].

Jihad has been a perpetual subject of interest for Muslim scholars throughout the ages, and Muslim scholars have spent a great deal of time writing about how ...98) was a student of legist Abu Hanifah and helped spread the influence of the Hanafi school. He was appointed Qadi (judge) in Baghdad, Iraq, and later ch

Jihad has been a perpetual subject of interest for Muslim scholars throughout the ages, and Muslim scholars have spent a great deal of time writing about how ...98) was a student of legist Abu Hanifah and helped spread the influence of the Hanafi school. He was appointed Qadi (judge) in Baghdad, Iraq, and later ch

...y campaigns and played the role of supreme commander. He also took part in the battles himself, fighting and even being wounded. Jihad was thus a fundamen ...considered to be relatively credible are the letters of 'Urwa b. Zubayr to the late Umayyad court. For further discussion see [[List of expeditions of Muh

...y campaigns and played the role of supreme commander. He also took part in the battles himself, fighting and even being wounded. Jihad was thus a fundamen ...sword). Allah then defeated them. They were then brought and began to take the oath of allegiance to him for Islam...}}

...at least one recorded case of mass execution of a troubling tribe of Jews. The sira tradition also portrays Muhammad as having been sensitive to criticism ...ah al-Shamilah|volume=vol. 2|page=501}}|The Affair of Ka'b B. Zuhayr After the Departure from al-Ta'if:<br>